http://ssf.f15ijp.com/wiki/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=93.96.14.58&feedformat=atomSelf-sufficiency - User contributions [en]2024-03-28T12:38:34ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.26.2http://ssf.f15ijp.com/wiki/index.php?title=Dichlorvos&diff=31870Dichlorvos2010-09-12T18:30:12Z<p>93.96.14.58: Boiling point = 140C, so a liquid at room temperature (but with a high vapour pressure), and not technically a fumigant which is a gas at RT.</p>
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<div>{{Drugbox<br />
| verifiedrevid = 351360120<br />
| IUPAC_name = 2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate<br />
| image = Dichlorvos Structural Formulae .V.1.svg<br />
| image2 = Dichlorvos3d.png<br />
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite}}<br />
| ChemSpiderID = 2931<br />
| InChI = 1/C4H7Cl2O4P/c1-8-11(7,9-2)10-3-4(5)6/h3H,1-2H3<br />
| InChIKey = OEBRKCOSUFCWJD-UHFFFAOYAU<br />
| CAS_number = 62-73-7<br />
| CAS_supplemental = <br />
| ATCvet = yes<br />
| ATC_prefix = P52<br />
| ATC_suffix = AB03<br />
| ATC_supplemental = {{ATCvet|P53|AF04}}<br />
| PubChem = 3039<br />
| DrugBank = <br />
| chemical_formula = <br />
| C=4 | H=7 | Cl=2 | O=4 | P=1<br />
| molecular_weight = 220.98 g/mol<br />
| smiles = O=P(O\C=C(/Cl)Cl)(OC)OC<br />
| bioavailability = <br />
| protein_bound = <br />
| metabolism = <br />
| elimination_half-life = <br />
| excretion = <br />
| pregnancy_AU = <!-- A / B1 / B2 / B3 / C / D / X --><br />
| pregnancy_US = <!-- A / B / C / D / X --><br />
| pregnancy_category= <br />
| legal_AU = <!-- S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9 or Unscheduled--><br />
| legal_CA = <!-- Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII --><br />
| legal_UK = <!-- GSL, P, POM, CD, or Class A, B, C --><br />
| legal_US = <!-- OTC / Rx-only / Schedule I, II, III, IV, V --><br />
| legal_status = <br />
| routes_of_administration = <br />
}}<br />
<!--MeSHName=Uridine--><br />
'''Dichlorvos''' or 2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate ('''DDVP''') is a highly volatile [[organophosphate]], widely used as a [[insecticide]] to control household pests, in public health, and protecting stored product from insects. It is effective against mushroom flies, [[aphid]]s, [[spider mite]]s, [[caterpillar]]s, [[thrips]], and [[whitefly|whiteflies]] in greenhouse, outdoor fruit, and vegetable crops. It is also used in the milling and grain handling industries and to treat a variety of parasitic worm infections in dogs, livestock, and humans. It is fed to livestock to control [[bot fly]] larvae in the manure. It acts against insects as both a contact and a stomach poison. It is available as an aerosol and soluble concentrate. It is also used in pet collars and "no-pest strips" as pesticide-impregnated plastic. The [[United States Environmental Protection Agency]] first considered a ban on DDVP in 1981. Since then it has been close to being banned on several occasions, but continues to be available. Major concerns are over acute and chronic toxicity. There is no conclusive evidence of [[carcinogen]]icity to date, however a 2010 study found that each 10-fold increase in urinary concentration of organophosphate metabolites was associated with a 55% to 72% increase in the odds of [[ADHD]] in children.<ref>http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/721892</ref><br />
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DDVP is absorbed through all routes of exposure. its symptoms are weakness, headache, tightness in chest, blurred vision, salivation, sweating, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps. <br />
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Dichlorvos damages [[DNA]] of insects in [[museum collection]]s.<ref>Espeland M., Irestedt M., Johanson K. A., Åkerlund M., Bergh J.-E. & Källersjö M. (2010). "Dichlorvos exposure impedes extraction and amplification of DNA from insects in museum collections". ''[[Frontiers in Zoology]]'' 2010, '''7''': 2. {{doi|10.1186/1742-9994-7-2}}</ref><br />
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==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
*[http://extoxnet.orst.edu/pips/dichlorv.htm Extension Toxicology Network fact sheet]<br />
*[http://www.apvma.gov.au/media/mr0009.shtml Media Release from Australian Pesticides & Veterinary Medicines Authority]<br />
*{{cite journal<br />
| last = Raeburn<br />
| first = Paul<br />
| authorlink = <br />
| coauthors = <br />
| title = Slow-Acting: After 25 years the EPA still won't ban a risky pesticide<br />
| journal = Scientific American<br />
| volume = 295<br />
| issue = 2<br />
| pages = 26<br />
| publisher = <br />
| date = Aug 2006<br />
| url = http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?chanID=sa004&articleID=000EDC34-3CC0-14C0-AFE483414B7F4945<br />
| doi = <br />
| id = <br />
| accessdate =<br />
| pmid = 16866280 }}<br />
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==External links==<br />
*[http://www.amvac-chemical.com/media/pdf/products/msds/nuvan_7.pdf Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for Dichlorvos]<br />
*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/1939569.stm BBC News: Insecticide ban amid cancer fears]<br />
*[http://www.apvma.gov.au/products/review/current/dichlorvos.php Australian Pesticides & Veterinary Medicines Authority review of Dichlorvos]<br />
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{{Anthelmintics}}<br />
{{Ectoparasiticides}}<br />
{{Cholinergics}}<br />
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[[Category:Organochlorides]]<br />
[[Category:Organophosphates]]<br />
[[Category:Pesticides]]<br />
[[Category:IARC Group 2B carcinogens]]<br />
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[[cs:Dichlorvos]]<br />
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[[lv:Dihlofoss]]<br />
[[nl:Dichloorvos]]<br />
[[ja:ジクロルボス]]<br />
[[ru:Дихлофос]]<br />
[[zh:敌敌畏]]<br />
[[Category:2Fix]]</div>93.96.14.58