View source for Clobetasol propionate

{{Refimprove|date=May 2008}}
{{drugbox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 329233937
| IUPAC_name = [17-(2'-chloroacetyl)- 9-fluoro-11-hydroxy-10,13,16-trimethyl- 3-oxo-6,7,8,11,12,14,15,16-octahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl] propanoate
| image = Clobetasol propionate structure.png
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite}}
| InChI = 1/C25H32ClFO5/c1-5-21(31)32-25(20(30)13-26)14(2)10-18-17-7-6-15-11-16(28)8-9-22(15,3)24(17,27)19(29)12-23(18,25)4/h8-9,11,14,17-19,29H,5-7,10,12-13H2,1-4H3/t14-,17-,18-,19-,22-,23-,24-,25-/m0/s1
| smiles = ClCC(=O)[C@]3(OC(=O)CC)[C@]2(C[C@H](O)[C@]4(F)[C@@]/1(\C(=C/C(=O)\C=C\1)CC[C@H]4[C@@H]2C[C@@H]3C)C)C
| InChIKey = CBGUOGMQLZIXBE-XGQKBEPLBR
| CAS_number = 25122-46-7
| ChemSpiderID = 30399
| ATC_prefix = D07
| ATC_suffix = AD01
| ATC_supplemental =
| PubChem = 32798
| DrugBank = APRD00876
| C=25 | H=32 | Cl=1 | F=1 | O=5
| molecular_weight = 466.97 g/mol
| bioavailability =
| protein_bound =
| metabolism =
| elimination_half-life =
| pregnancy_category = C (US)
| legal_status = Rx Only
| routes_of_administration = [[Topical]]
}}

'''Clobetasol propionate''' is a [[corticosteroid]] used to treat various skin disorders including [[eczema]] and [[psoriasis]].  It is also highly effective for contact dermatitis caused by exposure to poison ivy/oak. Clobetasol belongs to US Class I (Europe: class IV) of the corticosteroids, making it one of the most potent available.  It comes in ointment and [[emollient]] cream presentations.  It has very high potency and typically should not be used with [[occlusive dressings]], or for extended continuous use (beyond two weeks). It is also used to treat several [[auto-immune]] diseases including [[alopecia areata]], [[vitiligo]] and [[lichen planus]] (auto immune skin nodules).

Clobetasol propionate is marketed and sold worldwide under numerous names including '''Clobex''', '''Cosvate''' (India), '''Temovate''' (US),'''Olux''', '''Tenovate''', '''Dermovate''', '''Dermatovate''', '''Butavate''', '''Movate''', '''Novate''' <ref>http://www.doz.pl/leki/p4761-Novate</ref>, in China:  '''丙咪氯苯乳膏''' (cream) and '''复方丙酸氯倍他索搽剂''' (liquid).

Phonetic pronunciation:  kloh-BAY-tuh-sall<ref>[https://members.kaiserpermanente.org/kpweb/drugency/drugdetails.do?drugID=272057 Clobetasol Propionate Topical Ointment 0.05% Information - Drug Encyclopedia]</ref>

==Forms==
*Clobetasol propionate ointment USP 0.05%, supplied in Olux 15 g, 30 g, 45 g, and 60 g tubes.
*Temovate & emollient 0.05%, supplied in 15 g (NDC 0173-0454-01), 30 g (NDC 0173-0454-02) and 60 g (NDC 0173-0454-03) tubes.
*Clobetasol propionate foam 0.05%
*Clobetasol propionate foam 0.10%
*Clobetasol propionate cream 0.05%
*Clobetasol propionate gel 0.05%
*Clobestasol propianate spray 0.05%
*Dermovate cream and ointment, containing clobetasol propionate 0.05% (UK)
*Dermol cream and ointment (NZ)

==Uses==
Clobetasol propionate is used for the treatment of various skin disorders including [[eczema]], [[psoriasis]], and [[lichen sclerosus]].  It is also used to treat several [[auto-immune]] diseases including [[alopecia areata]], [[vitiligo]] and [[lichen planus]] (auto immune skin nodules).

==Possible side effects==
{{Unreferenced section|date=May 2010}}
*[[Osteoporosis]]
*[[Acneiform eruptions]]
*Allergic contact [[dermatitis]]
*[[Burning sensation]]
*[[Cracking]] and [[fissuring]]
*[[Cushing's syndrome]]
*[[Dizziness]]
*[[Dryness]]
*[[Erythema]]
*[[Glaucoma]]
*[[Folliculitis]]
*[[Hypertrichosis]]
*[[Hypopigmentation]]
*[[Itching]]
*[[Irritation]]
*[[Miliaria]]
*[[Numbness]] of fingers
*[[Perioral dermatitis]]
*[[Pruritus]]
*[[Secondary infection]]
*[[Skin atrophy]]
*[[Skin maceration]]
*[[Stinging]]
*[[Striae]]
*[[Telangiectasia]]

==Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, and Impairment of Fertility==
Long-term animal studies have not been performed to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of clobetasol propionate. Clobetasol propionate was non-mutagenic in three different test systems: the Ames test, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene conversion assay, and the E. coli B WP2 fluctuation test.<ref>Physicians Desk Reference 2006.</ref>

==Pregnancy: Teratogenic Effects: Pregnancy Category C:==
Corticosteroids have been shown to be teratogenic in laboratory animals when administered systemically at relatively low dosage levels. Some corticosteroids have been shown to be teratogenic after dermal application to laboratory animals.
Clobetasol propionate has not been tested for teratogenicity by the topical route; however, it is absorbed percutaneously, and when administered subcutaneously, it was a significant teratogen in both the rabbit and the mouse. Clobetasol propionate has greater teratogenic potential than steroids that are less potent.
Teratogenicity studies in mice using the subcutaneous route resulted in fetotoxicity at the highest dose tested (1 mg/kg) and teratogenicity at all dose levels tested down to 0.03 mg/kg. These doses are approximately 1.4 and 0.04 times, respectively, the human topical dose of OLUX based on body surface area comparisons. Abnormalities seen included cleft palate and skeletal abnormalities.
In rabbits, clobetasol propionate was teratogenic at doses of 0.003 and 0.01 mg/kg. These doses are approximately 0.02 and 0.05 times, respectively, the human topical dose of OLUX based on body surface area comparisons. Abnormalities seen included cleft palate, cranioschisis, and other skeletal abnormalities.
There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of the teratogenic potential of clobetasol propionate in pregnant women. OLUX Foam should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.<ref>Physicians Desk Reference 2006.</ref>

==Most important facts about clobetasol propionate==
This medication is to be used as directed by a physician. It is for external use only. Keep out of eyes.<ref>http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/archives/fdaDrugInfo.cfm?archiveid=994</ref> When using clobetasol propionate some of it may be absorbed through the skin and into the bloodstream. Too much absorption may lead to unwanted [[adverse effect|side effects]]. To minimize the problem large amounts of clobetasol propionate should not be used over large areas.  Airtight dressings or adhesive bandages are not recommended unless specifically told to by a doctor.<ref>http://www.drugs.com/pdr/clobetasol-propionate.html</ref> Any signs of adverse reactions should be reported to the prescribing physician.

==Risk to pregnant women==
According to the California Environmental Protection Agency, clobetasol propionate should not be used by pregnant women, or women expecting to become pregnant soon, as studies with rats shows a risk of birth defects:<ref>[http://www.oehha.ca.gov/prop65/CRNR_notices/admin_listing/requests_info/referenced_docs/frpkg5r.html Chemicals Under Consideration For Possible Listing Via The "Formally Required To Be Labeled Or Identified" Mechanism], Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency</ref>

<blockquote>"Studies in the rat following oral administration at dosage levels up to 0.05 mg/kg per day revealed that the females exhibited an increase in the number of resorbed embryos and a decrease in the number of living fetuses at the highest dose. Pregnancy: [[Teratogenic]] Effects (i.e., possibility of causing abnormalities in fetuses): Pregnancy Category C: Clobetasol propionate has not been tested for teratogenicity when applied topically; however, it is absorbed percutaneously, and when administered subcutaneously it was a significant teratogen in both the rabbit and mouse. Clobetasol propionate has greater teratogenic potential than steroids that are less potent.There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of the teratogenic effects of clobetasol propionate in pregnant women. Temovate Cream and Ointment should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus."</blockquote>

==External links==
* [http://www.fougera.com/products/documents/1077.MSDS.pdf] Material Safety Data Sheet(MSDS)
* [http://www.fougera.com/products/documents/1077.PI.pdf] Manufacturers Product Information Sheet
* [http://www.fougera.com/products/product_details.asp?id=1077] Manufacturers Product Web Page

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Corticosteroids}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Clobetasol Propionate}}
[[Category:Corticosteroids]]
[[Category:Propionates]]
[[Category:Organochlorides]]
[[Category:Organofluorides]]

[[ar:بروبيونات كلوبيتاسول]]
[[de:Clobetasolpropionat]]
[[hu:Klobetazol-propionát]]
[[nl:Clobetasol]]
[[pt:Propionato de clobetasol]]
[[Category:2Fix]]