View source for Aclidinium bromide

{{Drugbox
| IUPAC_name               = [(8''R'')-1-(3-phenoxypropyl)-1-azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-8-yl] 2-hydroxy-2,2-dithiophen-2-ylacetate bromide
| image                    = Aclidinium_bromide_structure.png
| CAS_number               = 320345-99-1
| ATC_prefix               = none
| ATC_suffix               = 
| ATC_supplemental         = 
| PubChem                  = 11519741
| C = 26 | H = 30 | Br = 1 | N = 1 | O = 4 | S = 2
| molecular_weight         = 564.555 g/mol
| bioavailability          = 
| metabolism               = 
| elimination_half-life    = 
| excretion                = 
| pregnancy_category       = 
| legal_status             = Uncontrolled
| routes_of_administration = [[Inhalational]]
}}

'''Aclidinium bromide''' ([[International Nonproprietary Name|INN]]) is a novel, long-acting, inhaled [[muscarinic antagonist]] currently being developed as a maintenance treatment for [[chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]] (COPD).<ref name="Gavalda2009">{{cite journal |author=Gavaldà A, Miralpeix M, Ramos I, et al |title=Characterization of aclidinium bromide, a novel inhaled muscarinic antagonist, with long duration of action and a favorable pharmacological profile |journal=J Pharmacol Exp Ther. Epub ahead of print| year=2009 |url=}}</ref> Preclinically, aclidinium showed potent antagonism of human muscarinic receptors, with a long residence time at M<sub>3</sub> receptors and a shorter residence time at M<sub>2</sub> receptors, indicating the potential to provide sustained bronchodilation.<ref name="Gavalda2007">{{cite journal |author=Gavaldà A, Miralpeix M, Ramos I |title=Aclidinium bromide, a novel muscarinic receptor antagonist combining long residence at M<sub>3</sub> receptors and rapid plasma clearance |journal=Eur Respir J |volume=30 |issue=suppl 51 |pages=209S-210S |year=2007 |url=}}</ref>  Aclidinium is rapidly hydrolysed in human plasma, unlike other currently available antimuscarinics including [[tiotropium]].<ref name="Gavalda2007">{{cite journal |author=Gavaldà A, Miralpeix M, Ramos I |title=Aclidinium bromide, a novel muscarinic receptor antagonist combining long residence at M<sub>3</sub> receptors and rapid plasma clearance |journal=Eur Respir J |volume=30 |issue=(suppl 51) |pages=209S-210S |year=2007 |url=}}</ref><ref name="Gavalda2008">{{cite journal |author=Gavaldà A, Sentellas S, Alberti J, et al |title=Aclidinium bromide, a novel long-acting anticholinergic, is rapidly inactivated in plasma |journal=Am J Respir Crit Care Med |volume=177 |pages=A-654 |year=2008 |url=}}</ref>  This results in very low and transient systemic exposure, suggesting a reduced potential for class-related systemic side effects in the clinical setting.<ref name="Gavalda2007">{{cite journal |author=Gavaldà A, Miralpeix M, Ramos I |title=Aclidinium bromide, a novel muscarinic antagonist receptor combining long residence at M<sub>3</sub> receptors and rapid plasma clearance |journal=Eur Respir J |volume=30 |issue=(suppl 51) |pages=209S-210S |year=2007 |url=}}</ref><ref name="Gavalda2008"/>

Early clinical studies in healthy subjects have confirmed the low systemic bioavailability and favourable safety profile of single and multiple doses of aclidinium.<ref name="Janset2009a">{{cite journal |author=Janset JM, Lamarca R, Garcia Gil E, Ferrer P. |title=Safety and pharmacokinetics of single doses of aclidinium bromide, a novel long-acting, inhaled antimuscarinic, in healthy subjects |journal=Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther |volume=47 | pages=460–468 | year=2009 |url=}}</ref><ref name="Janset2009b">{{cite journal |author=Janset JM, Lamarca R, de Miquel G, Schrödter A, Miletzki B, Gurniak M. |title=Safety and pharmacokinetics of multiple doses of aclidinium bromide, a novel long-acting muscarinic antagonist for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, in healthy participants|journal=J Clin Pharmacol. Epub ahead of print |year=2009 |url=}}</ref> In a subsequent Phase IIb study, which included 464 patients with moderate to severe COPD, aclidinium displayed long-lasting bronchodilatory activity and was well tolerated.<ref name="Chanez2009">{{cite journal |author=Chanez P, Burge PS, Dahl R, et al |title=Aclidinium bromide provides long-acting bronchodilation in patients with COPD |journal=Pulm Pharmacol Ther. Epub ahead of print| year=2009 |url=}}</ref>

Aclidinium is delivered via a novel, multidose [[dry powder inhaler]], the Genuair inhaler.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Asthma and copd rx}}
{{Cholinergics}}
[[Category:Muscarinic antagonists]]
[[Category:Bromides]]
[[Category:Quaternary ammonium compounds]]
[[Category:Quinuclidines]]
[[Category:Thiophenes]]
[[Category:Phenol ethers]]
[[Category:2Fix]]