View source for Gastrolobium

{{italic title}}
{{Taxobox
| name = ''Gastrolobium''
| image = Gastrolobium celsianum 01.jpg
| image_caption = ''[[Gastrolobium celsianum]]'' (Swan River Pea)
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Fabales]]
| familia = [[Fabaceae]]
| subfamilia = [[Faboideae]]
| tribus = [[Mirbelieae]]
| genus = '''''Gastrolobium'''''
| genus_authority = [[Robert Brown (botanist)|R.Br.]]
| subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
| subdivision = 
See text.
| synonyms =
*''Brachysema'' R.Br. 
*''Nemcia'' Domin 
*''Jansonia'' Kippist 
}}

'''''Gastrolobium''''' is a [[genus (biology)|genus]] of [[flowering plants]] in the family [[Fabaceae]]. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the [[Southwest Australia|south west region]] of [[Western Australia]].

A significant number of the species accumulate [[sodium fluoroacetate|monofluoroacetic acid]] - the key ingredient of the [[poison]] known commonly as '''1080''' which caused introduced/non native  animal deaths from the 1840s in Western Australia.  The controversy over the cause of the stock poisoning in that time involved the botanist [[James Drummond (botanist)|James Drummond]] in a series of tests to ascertain the exact cause of the poisoning - which was determined to be caused primarily by the plants York Road poison ''(G. calycinum)'' and Champion Bay poison ''(G. oxylobioides)''.

In the 1930s and 1940s [[Charles Gardner|C.A. Gardner]] and [[Harold William Bennetts|H.W. Bennetts]] did considerable work identifying other species in Western Australia - leading to the publication of ''The Toxic Plants of Western Australia'' in 1956.

==Species==
The genus ''Jansonia'' as well as ''Nemcia'' and ''[[Brachysema]]'' were incorporated into ''Gastrolobium'' in the publication of Chandler et al.'s monograph in 2002.  Also since initial descriptions in the 1840s - some of the species have been described initially as ''Gastrolobium'', then ''Oxylobium'' and back to ''Gastrolobium''. Species (with common names in '''bold''') include the following:

* ''Gastrolobium acrocaroli'' Crisp ms
* ''Gastrolobium aculeatum''
* ''Gastrolobium acutum''
* ''Gastrolobium alternifolium''
* ''Gastrolobium appressum'' C.A. Gardner   '''Scaleleaf poison'''
* ''Gastrolobium bennettsianum''  C.A. Gardner  '''Cluster poison'''
* ''[[Gastrolobium bilobum]]'' R.Br   '''Heart-leaf poison'''
* ''Gastrolobium bracteolosum''
* ''Gastrolobium brevipes''  Crisp
* ''Gastrolobium brownii'' Meisn
* ''Gastrolobium callistachys'' Meisn.   '''Rock poison'''
* ''Gastrolobium calycinum''  Benth.  '''York Road poison'''
* ''[[Gastrolobium celsianum]]'' (Lemaire) G.Chandler & Crisp '''Swan River pea'''
* ''Gastrolobium congestum''  Crisp ms
* ''Gastrolobium crassifolium''  Benth.  '''Thickleaf poison'''
* ''Gastrolobium crenulatum''
* ''Gastrolobium crispatum''
* ''Gastrolobium cruciatum''
* ''Gastrolobium cuneatum''  Henfr.
* ''Gastrolobium cyanophyllum''
* ''Gastrolobium densifolium''  C.A. Gardner  '''Mallet poison'''
* ''Gastrolobium diablophyllum''  G. Chandler and Crisp ms
* ''Gastrolobium dilatatum''
* ''Gastrolobium discolor''
* ''Gastrolobium dorrienii''
* ''Gastrolobium ebracteolatum''
* ''Gastrolobium effusum''
* ''Gastrolobium elegans''
* ''Gastrolobium epacridoides''
* ''Gastrolobium ferrugineum''
* ''Gastrolobium floribundum''  S. Moore   '''Wodjil poison'''
* ''Gastrolobium glabratum''   Crisp ms
* ''Gastrolobium glaucum''  C.A. Gardner   '''Spike poison'''
* ''[[Gastrolobium grandiflorum]]'' F.Muell  '''Wallflower poison'''
* ''Gastrolobium graniticum'' (S. Moore)  Crisp  '''Granite poison'''
* ''Gastrolobium hamulosum''  Meisn.  '''Hook Point poison'''
* ''Gastrolobium heterophyllum'' (Turcz.)  Crisp  '''Slender poison'''
* ''Gastrolobium hians''  Crisp ms
* ''Gastrolobium hookeri''
* ''Gastrolobium humile''
* ''Gastrolobium involutum''
* ''Gastrolobium latifolium''
* ''Gastrolobium laytonii'' Jean White   '''Breelya''' '''Kite Leaf'''
* ''[[Gastrolobium lehmannii]]''  Meisn.
* ''[[Gastrolobium melanopetalum]]'' (F. Muell.) G.Chandler & Crisp
*''[[Gastrolobium minus]]'' (Crisp]]) G.Chandler & Crisp  '''Broad-leaved Brachysema'''
* ''Gastrolobium microcarpum'' Meisn.  '''Sandplain poison'''
* ''Gastrolobium nutans'' G. Chandler & Crisp ms
* ''Gastrolobium ovalifolium'' Henfr. '''Runner poison'''
* ''Gastrolobium oxylobioides'' Benth. '''Champion Bay poison'''
* ''Gastrolobium parvifolium'' (Benth.) Crisp  '''Box poison'''
* ''Gastrolobium parvifolium'' (Benth.) Crisp  var. parvifolium ms
* ''Gastrolobium parvifolium'' Benth.  '''Berry poison'''
* ''Gastrolobium polystchyum'' Meisn.  '''Horned poison'''
* ''[[Gastrolobium praemorsum]]'' (Meisn.) G.Chandler & Crisp
* ''[[Gastrolobium propinquum]]'' C.A. Gardner  '''Hutt River poison'''
* ''Gastrolobium pusillum'' Crisp & PH Weston
* ''Gastrolobium pycnostachyum''  Benth.  '''Mt Ragged poison'''
* ''Gastrolobium racemosum'' (Turcz.) Crisp
* ''Gastrolobium reflexum'' G. Chandler ms
* ''Gastrolobium revolutum'' Crisp ms
* ''Gastrolobium rigidum'' (C.A. Gardiner) Crisp '''Rigid leaf poison'''
* ''Gastrolobium rotundifolium''  Meisn.
* ''[[Gastrolobium rubrum]]'' Benth.
* ''Gastrolobium semiteres''  Crisp ms
* ''Gastrolobium'' sp. East Peak (E.D. Middleton EDM 43)
* ''[[Gastrolobium sericeum]]'' (Sm.) G.Chandler & Crisp
* ''Gastrolobium spathulatum''
* ''Gastrolobium spectabile'' (Endl.) Crisp  '''Roe's poison'''
* ''[[Gastrolobium spinosum]]''  Benth.  '''Prickly poison'''
* ''Gastrolobium spinosum''  Benth. var. spinosum
* ''Gastrolobium spinosum''  Benth.  var. trilobum  S. Moore
* ''Gastrolobium stenophyllum''  Turcz.  '''Narrow-leaved poison'''
* ''Gastrolobium stowardii''
* ''Gastrolobium subcordatum''
* ''Gastrolobium tenue'' Crisp ms
* ''Gastrolobium tergiversum''
* ''Gastrolobium tetragonophyllum'' {E.Pritz.) Crisp
* ''Gastrolobium tomentosum'' C.A. Gardner  '''Wooly poison'''
* ''Gastrolobium triangulare''(Benth.) Domin
* ''Gastrolobium tricuspidatum''
* ''Gastrolobium trilobum'' Benth.  '''Bullock poison'''
* ''Gastrolobium truncatum'' Benth.
* ''Gastrolobium velutinum'' Lindl.  '''Stirling Range poison'''
* ''Gastrolobium venulosum''
* ''Gastrolobium vestitum''
* ''Gastrolobium villosum''
* ''Gastrolobium whicherensis''
* ''Gastrolobium wonganensis''
* ''Gastrolobium villosum'' Benth.   '''Crinkle-leaved poison'''

== See also ==
*[[The Western Australian Flora - A Descriptive Catalogue]]
*[[Western Shield#Conservation practices]]

==References==
*{{cite journal |author=Chandler, G. T., M.D. Crisp, L.W. Cayzer, and R.J. Bayer. |year=2002 |month= |title=Monograph of Gastrolobium (Fabaceae: Mirbelieae). |journal=[[Australian Systematic Botany]] |volume=15 |issue= |pages=619–739 |id= |url=http://www.anbg.gov.au/cpbr/publications/bayer-publications/71.Aust.Syst.Bot.15_619-739.pdf |accessdate= |quote=|doi=10.1071/SB01010 }}

* Paczkowska, Grazyna and Alex R. Chapman.(2000) ''The Western Australian flora : a descriptive catalogue'' Perth, W.A: Wildflower Society of Western Australia : Western Australian Herbarium: Western Australian Botanic Gardens & Parks Authority ISBN 0646401009

*{{APNI | name = Gastrobium R.Br. | id = 34608}}

== External links ==
*[http://florabase.calm.wa.gov.au/browse/flora?f=165&level=g&id=809 FloraBase the Western Australia Flora: ''Gastrolobium'']
*[http://www.anu.edu.au/BoZo/Crisp/Mirbelieae/Gastrolobium.html ''Gastrolobium'']

==Further reading==
* [[Charles Gardner|Gardner, C.A.]] and Bennetts, H.W. (1956) ''The Toxic Plants of Western Australia''  Perth, West Australian Newspapers.
* Seawright, A.A. (1982) ''Animal Health in Australia. Voume 2. Chemical and Plant Poisons'' Canberaa Australian Government Publishing Service ISBN 0-642-06577-2  - pp.43–45 '''Flouracetates'''

{{Commons}}

[[Category:Gastrolobium]]
[[Category:Poisonous plants]]
[[Category:Toxic plants of Western Australia]] 

[[es:Gastrolobium]]
[[pt:Gastrolobium]]
[[ru:Гастролобиум]]
[[Category:2Fix]]