View source for Heston T.1/37

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2017}}
{{Use British English|date=October 2017}}
{|{{Infobox Aircraft Begin
 | name= Heston T.1/37
 | image=HESTONT1_37.jpg
 | caption=
}}{{Infobox Aircraft Type
 | type= Two-seat monoplane [[Trainer (aircraft)|trainer]]
 | national origin= [[United Kingdom]]
 | manufacturer= [[Heston Aircraft Company]]
 | designer= George Cornwall
 | first flight= 1938
 | introduced=
 | retired= 1940
 | status=
 | primary user=
 | number built=1
 | developed from= 
 | variants with their own articles=
}}
|}

The '''Heston T.1/37''' was a 1930s [[United Kingdom|British]] single-engined [[monoplane]] military [[Trainer (aircraft)|trainer aircraft]] with two open cockpits, designed and developed by the [[Heston Aircraft Company]] Ltd. It was not accepted for service.

==Development==
The Heston T.1/37 or '''Heston JA3'''<ref name="Robertson p.100">Robertson p.100</ref> was designed under the leadership of George Cornwall to meet UK [[Air Ministry Specification]] T.1/37 for an ''ab initio'' trainer, and was otherwise unnamed. Its competitors were the [[Miles M.15]] and the [[Parnall 382]] (Heck III). The [[Airspeed]] AS.36, [[General Aircraft]] GAL.32 and [[Percival]] P.20 were also proposed against specification T.1/37, but not accepted for being built as prototypes. None of the designs was selected for production orders; it has been suggested that the required performance could not be achieved within the constraints of the Specification.<ref>{{Harvnb|Lukins|1945|page=55}}</ref>

Construction was primarily wooden, with plywood-skinned spruce frames, open framed movable flying surfaces, some monococque sections, all fabric-covered. The cantilever oleo-pneumatic fixed main undercarriage legs were raked forward and faired with spats, and the tailwheel was also spatted. The propeller was a [[de Havilland]] fixed-pitch type, later replaced by a two-speed type in 1939 when other modifications were made at Heston.  Student and tutor sat in open, tandem cockpits.<ref name='AM Dec 1991'>{{cite journal
 |last= Jarrett, Philip
 |title= Aeroplane Monthly
 |publisher= IPC Media Ltd
 |location= UK
 |date= December 1991
 |page= 354}}</ref>
<ref name='AP Nov 1972'>{{cite journal
 |last= Lewis, Peter
 |title= Air Pictorial
 |publisher= Seymour Press Ltd
 |location= UK
 |date= November 1972
 |page= 441}}</ref>
<ref name='Archive 1/06'>{{cite journal
 |last= Meaden, Jack
 |title= Air-Britain Archive
 |publisher= Air-Britain
 |location= UK
 |date= Spring 2006
 |pages=2006–015}}</ref>

==Operational history==
Two examples were built by Heston Aircraft Company under contract 678258/37, serial numbers L7706 and L7707,<ref>Halley 1993</ref> though the latter was not completed.<ref name="Robertson p.100"/> The first flight of L7706 was by [[Squadron Leader|Sqn Ldr]] G.L.G. Richmond at [[Heston Aerodrome]] in 1938. The aircraft was assessed at the [[Aeroplane and Armament Experimental Establishment]] (A&AEE) at [[Martlesham Heath]] in November 1938, the [[Central Flying School]] in January 1939 and the [[Royal Aircraft Establishment]] at Farnborough in 1940. L7706 was retired from flying in November 1940, and was assigned to [[RAF Locking]] as ground instructional airframe serial 2371M, later 2565M.<ref name='AM Dec 1991'/>

==Specifications (as modified with variable-pitch propeller)==
{{Aircraft specs
|ref=Nothing Ventured...<ref name="amdec91 p758">Jarret ''Aeroplane Monthly'' December 1991, p. 758.</ref>
|prime units?=imp
<!--
        General characteristics
-->
|crew=2
|capacity=
|length m=
|length ft=31
|length in=8
|length note=
|span m=
|span ft=42
|span in=0
|height m=
|height ft=7
|height in=10
|height note=
|wing area sqm=
|wing area sqft=227
|wing area note=
|aspect ratio=7.75:1
|airfoil=NACA 23012
|empty weight kg=
|empty weight lb=2748
|empty weight note=
|gross weight kg=
|gross weight lb=3250
|gross weight note=
|fuel capacity=
|lift kg=<!-- lighter-than-air -->
|lift lb=<!-- lighter-than-air -->
|lift note=
|more general=
<!--
        Powerplant
-->
|eng1 number=1
|eng1 name=[[de Havilland Gipsy Queen]]
|eng1 type=6-cylinder inverted inline engine
|eng1 kw=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng1 hp=190<!-- prop engines -->
|eng1 shp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng1 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng1 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng1 note=

<!--
        Performance
-->
|perfhide=

|max speed kmh=
|max speed mph=159
|max speed kts=
|max speed note=at sea level
|max speed mach=<!-- supersonic aircraft -->
|cruise speed kmh=
|cruise speed mph=
|cruise speed kts=
|cruise speed note=
|stall speed kmh=
|stall speed mph=
|stall speed kts=
|stall speed note=
|range km=
|range miles=
|range nmi=
|range note=
|combat range km=
|combat range miles=
|combat range nmi=
|combat range note=
|ferry range km=
|ferry range miles=
|ferry range nmi=
|ferry range note=
|endurance=<!-- if range unknown -->
|ceiling m=
|ceiling ft=12800
|ceiling note=
|g limits=<!-- aerobatic -->
|roll rate=<!-- aerobatic -->
|glide ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->
|climb rate ms=
|climb rate ftmin=690
|climb rate note=
|more performance=

|avionics=
}}

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==References==

*{{cite book| title= Royal Air Force Aircraft L1000-N9999 |last= Halley |first= James J. |edition= |year=1993|publisher= Air-Britain|location= UK|isbn=0-85130-208-4}}
*{{cite magazine |last= Jarrett|first= Philip|title=Nothing Ventured...part 20|magazine= [[Aeroplane Monthly]] |date= December 1991|volume= 19|issue= 12|pages=754–758|issn=0143-7240}}
*{{cite book| title= The Book of Miles aircraft|last= Lukins |first= A.H. |author2=Russell, D.A. |edition= |year=1945|publisher= Harborough|location= Leicester|isbn= }}
*{{cite book |title= British Military Aircraft Serials 1878-1987|last=Robertson|first=Bruce| year=1979|edition= 5t|publisher=Midland Counties Publications |location=Leicester |isbn=0 904597 61 X}}
<!-- ==External links== -->
{{Heston aircraft}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Heston T.1 37}}
[[Category:British military trainer aircraft 1930–1939]]
[[Category:Heston aircraft]]