View source for Juniperus sabina

{{italic title}}
{{Taxobox
| name = ''Juniperus sabina''
| status = LR/lc | status_system = IUCN2.3
| status_ref =
<ref>{{IUCN2006|assessors=Conifer Specialist Group|year=1998|id=42249|title=Juniperus sabina|downloaded=12 May 2006}}</ref>
| image = Juniperus sabina cult1.jpg
| image_width = 240px
| image_caption = Foliage on a cultivated specimen
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Pinophyta]]
| classis = [[Pinophyta|Pinopsida]]
| ordo = [[Pinales]]
| familia = [[Cupressaceae]]
| genus = ''[[Juniperus]]''
| species = '''''J. sabina'''''
| binomial = ''Juniperus sabina''
| binomial_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
}}

'''''Juniperus sabina''''' ('''Savin Juniper''' or '''Savin''') is a species of [[juniper]] native to the [[mountain]]s of central and southern [[Europe]] and western and central [[Asia]], from [[Spain]] east to eastern [[Siberia]], typically growing at altitudes of 1,000-3,300 m.<ref name=farjon>Farjon, A. (2005). ''Monograph of Cupressaceae and Sciadopitys''. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. ISBN 1-84246-068-4</ref><ref name=adams>Adams, R. P. (2004). ''Junipers of the World''. Trafford. ISBN 1-4120-4250-X</ref>

It is a [[shrub]], very variable in shape, reaching 1-4 m tall. The [[leaf|leaves]] are of two forms, juvenile needle-like leaves 5-10&nbsp;mm long, and adult scale-leaves 1-2&nbsp;mm long on slender shoots 0.8-1&nbsp;mm thick. Juvenile leaves are found mainly on seedlings but mature shrubs sometimes continue to bear some juvenile leaves as well as adult, particularly on shaded shoots low in the crown. It is largely [[plant sexuality|dioecious]] with separate male and female plants, but some individual plants produce both sexes. The [[conifer cone|cones]] are berry-like, 5-9&nbsp;mm in diameter, blue-black with a whitish waxy bloom, and contain 1-3 (rarely 4 or 5) [[seed]]s; they are mature in about 18 months. The male cones are 2-4&nbsp;mm long, and shed their pollen in early spring.<ref name=farjon/><ref name=adams/>

There are two [[variety (biology)|varieties]],<ref name=farjon/> treated by some botanists as distinct species:<ref name=adams/>
*''Juniperus sabina'' var. ''sabina''. Juvenile foliage rare in adult plants.
*''Juniperus sabina'' var. ''davurica'' (Pallas) Farjon (syn. ''J. davurica'' Pallas). Juvenile foliage frequent in adult plants.

''Juniperus sabina'' is a popular ornamental shrub in [[garden]]s and [[park]]s, with numerous named [[cultivar]]s selected.

The [[Hybrid (biology)|hybrid]] between ''[[Juniperus chinensis]]'' and ''Juniperus sabina'', known as ''Juniperus × pfitzeriana'' ('''Pfitzer Juniper''', synonym ''J. × media''), is found in the wild where the two species meet in northwestern [[China]], and is also very common as a cultivated [[ornamental plant]]. It is a larger shrub, growing to 3-6 m tall.

All parts of the plant are [[poison]]ous due to several toxic compounds including ethereal oils.<ref name=pfaf>Plants for a Future: [http://www.pfaf.org/database/plants.php?Juniperus+sabina ''Juniperus sabina'']</ref>

This plant is the alternate (telial) host of the Pear Rust fungus <i>[[Gymnosporangium fuscum]]</i>.

==See also==
* ''[[Juniper]] sect. sabina''

==References==
{{reflist}}

<gallery>
Image:Koeh-212.jpg|19th century illustration
Image:Juniperusxpfitzeriana(01).jpg|''Juniperus × pfitzeriana''
</gallery>

[[Category:Juniperus]]
[[Category:Abortifacients]]
[[Category:Medicinal plants]]
[[Category:Poisonous plants]]
[[Category:Least concern plants]]

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[[pl:Jałowiec sabiński]]
[[ru:Можжевельник казацкий]]
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