View source for Pietro Andrea Mattioli

{{Infobox scientist
|name              = Pietro Andrea Mattioli
|box_width         =
|image             =melantrich32.jpg
|image_width       =150px
|caption           = [[Wood engraving]] from ''Epistolarum Medicinalium libri quinque'', 1561 Prague
|birth_date        = 23 March 1501
|birth_place       = [[Siena]]
|death_date        = 1577
|death_place       = [[Trento]]
|residence         = 
|citizenship       = 
|nationality       = 
|ethnicity         = 
|field             = 
|work_institutions = 
|alma_mater        = 
|doctoral_advisor  = 
|doctoral_students = 
|known_for         = 
|author_abbrev_bot = 
|author_abbrev_zoo = 
|influences        = 
|influenced        = 
|prizes            = 
|religion          = 
|footnotes         = 
|signature         =
}}
'''Pietro Andrea Gregorio Mattioli''' ('''Matthiolus''') (23 March 1501, [[Siena]] – 1577, [[Trento]]) was a [[Physician|doctor]] and [[natural history|naturalist]] born in [[Siena]].

He received his MD at the [[University of Padua]] in 1523, and subsequently practiced the profession in Siena, [[Rome]], [[Trento]] and [[Gorizia]], becoming personal doctor of [[Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria]] in [[Prague]] and [[Ambras Castle]] and [[Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor]] in [[Vienna]].

Mattioli described the first case of [[cat allergy]]. His patient was so sensitive to cats that if he was sent into a room with a cat he reacted with agitation, sweating and pallor.{{Citation needed|date=November 2009}}

A careful student of [[botany]], he described 100 new plants and coordinated the [[medical botany]] of his time in his ''Discorsi'' ("Commentaries") on the ''Materia Medica'' of [[Dioscorides]]. The first edition of Mattioli's work appeared in 1544 in [[Italian language|Italian]]. There were several later editions in Italian and translations into [[Latin]] ([[Venice]], 1554), [[Czech language|Czech]], (Prague, 1562),  [[German language|German]] (Prague, 1563) and [[French language|French]]. 

In addition to identifying the plants originally described by Dioscorides, Mattioli added descriptions of some plants not in Dioscorides and not of any known medical use, thus marking a transition from to the study of plants as a field of medicine to a study of interest in its own right. In addition, the [[woodcut]]s in Mattioli's work were of a high standard, allowing recognition of the plant even when the text was obscure. A noteworthy inclusion is an early variety of [[tomato]],the first documented example of the vegetable being grown and eaten in [[Europe]]<ref>McCue, George Allen. "The History of the Use of the Tomato: An Annotated Bibliography." Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden (Missouri Botanical Garden Press) 39, no. 4 (November 1952): 291.</ref>.

==Works==
*1533, ''Morbi Gallici Novum ac Utilissimum Opusculum''
*1535, ''Liber de Morbo Gallico'', dedicated to [[Bernardo Clesio]]
*1536, ''De Morbi Gallici Curandi Ratione''
*1539, ''Il Magno Palazzo del Cardinale di Trento''
*1544, ''Di Pedacio Dioscoride Anazarbeo Libri cinque Della historia, et materia medicinale tradotti in lingua volgare italiana da M. Pietro Andrea Matthiolo Sanese Medico, con amplissimi discorsi, et comenti, et dottissime annotationi, et censure del medesimo interprete'', also known as ''Discorsi''
*1548, Italian translation of ''Geografia di Tolomeo''
*1554, ''Petri Andreae Matthioli Medici Senensis Commentarii, in Libros sex Pedacii Dioscoridis Anazarbei, de Materia Medica, Adjectis quàm plurimis plantarum & animalium imaginibus, eodem authore'', also known as ''Commentarii''
*1558, ''Apologia Adversus Amatum Lusitanum''
*1561, ''Epistolarum Medicinalium Libri Quinque''
*1569, ''Opusculum de Simplicium Medicamentorum Facultatibus''
*1571, ''Compendium de Plantis Omnibus una cum Earum Iconibus''

{{botanist|Mattioli|Mattioli}}

==References==
<references />
{{Commons category|Pietro Andrea Mattioli}}
* Duane Isely, ''One hundred and one botanists'' (Iowa State University Press, 1994), pp.&nbsp;26-28

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mattioli}}
[[Category:Italian botanists]]
[[Category:Italian physicians]]
[[Category:Pharmacologists]]
[[Category:1501 births]]
[[Category:1577 deaths]]
[[Category:Pre-Linnaean botanists]]

{{Italy-botanist-stub}}
{{italy-med-bio-stub}}

[[an:Pietro Andrea Mattioli]]
[[cs:Pietro Andrea Mattioli]]
[[de:Pietro Andrea Mattioli]]
[[es:Pietro Andrea Gregorio Mattioli]]
[[eo:Pietro Andrea Mattioli]]
[[fr:Pierandrea Mattioli]]
[[it:Pietro Andrea Mattioli]]
[[la:Petrus Andreas Matthiolus]]
[[pl:Pierandrea Matthioli]]
[[pt:Pier Andrea Mattioli]]
[[ro:Pietro Andrea Mattioli]]
[[Category:2Fix]]