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{{Infobox Scientist
|name = Roberto Refinetti
|image         = Refinetti2008.jpg
|imagesize     = 180px
|caption       = Roberto Refinetti, 2008
|birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1957|11|19}}
|birth_place = [[São Paulo]], [[Brazil]]
|death_date  =
|death_place =
|residence = [[South Carolina]], [[U.S.A.]]
|nationality = [[Brazil]]ian
|ethnicity = [[Italians|Italian]]
|field = [[Physiology]]<br />  [[Philosophy]]<br />    [[Psychology]]
|work_institutions = [[University of São Paulo]]<br />  [[University of California, Santa Barbara|University of California]]<br />  [[University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign|University of Illinois]]<br />  [[University of Virginia]]<br />  [[College of William and Mary]]<br />  [[University of South Carolina]]
|alma_mater = [[University of California, Santa Barbara|University of California]]
|influences = [[Gaston Bachelard]]<br />  [[B. F. Skinner]]<br />  [[Jean Piaget]]<br />  [[Michel Foucault]]<br />  [[Jürgen Aschoff]]
|known_for  = Circadian Physiology
|prizes =
}}

'''Roberto Refinetti''' ({{IPA-en|rəˈbɛərtoʊ rəfɪˈnɛtɪ|}};  born November 19, 1957) is a behavioral physiologist, philosopher of science, and higher-education administrator. He is best known for his book ''Circadian Physiology''.

== Biography ==
Roberto Refinetti was born in [[São Paulo]], [[Brazil]] on November 19, 1957.<ref>''Who's Who in Science and Engineering'', 2nd Edition. New Providence, NJ: Marquis Who's Who, 1994.</ref> After attending a selective [[Catholic school]] for primary and secondary education,<ref>Colégio Santo Américo, São Paulo, Brazil: http://www.csasp.g12.br/</ref> he went to two universities simultaneously and earned a baccalaureate degree in philosophy from the Pontifical Catholic University<ref>Pontifícia Universidade Católica, São Paulo, Brazil: http://www.pucsp.br/</ref> and a baccalaureate degree in psychology from the University of São Paulo,<ref>Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil: http://www4.usp.br</ref> both in 1981.<ref name="R1">''Who's Who in Medicine and Healthcare'', 1st Edition. New Providence, NJ: Marquis Who's Who, 1997.</ref> He earned a master's degree in experimental psychology at the University of São Paulo two years later and then traveled to [[California]], where he completed a doctoral program in psychology (with concentration in biopsychology) at the [[University of California, Santa Barbara]] in 1987.<ref name="R1"/>

After finishing his doctorate, Refinetti returned to Brazil briefly but went back to the [[United States]] to marry a former fellow graduate student. The marriage did not last long but led to the birth of Refinetti's one and only natural child, his daughter Lauren.<ref name="R2">''Who's Who in America'', 60th Edition. New Providence, NJ: Marquis Who's Who, 2006.</ref> In 2000, when living in [[South Carolina]], Refinetti married Tracy Tolleson, who had a 4-year-old son from a previous marriage called Brendan.<ref name="R2"/> The three of them (with occasional visits by Lauren) have lived for more than 10 years in the [[Fripp-Fishburne House]], a privately-owned historical house in [[Walterboro, South Carolina]].

[[Image:Refinetti1979.jpg|thumb|left|Refinetti at age 21]]

In his younger years, Refinetti had a strong side-interest in the arts and made excursions into poetry, photography, and music. His epic poem ''Robertti I'' (published in Portuguese when he was 20 years old)<ref name="R5">Roberto Refinetti, ''Robertti I,'' São Paulo: Rumo, 1977. </ref> was positively reviewed by the president of the [[Academia Brasileira de Letras|Brazilian Academy of Letters]].<ref>Austregésilo de Athayde, "Robertti I," ''Jornal do Comércio'' (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), 15 January 1978.</ref> A selection of Refinetti's musical compositions and arrangements is archived in the [[United States Copyright Office]]<ref>United States Copyright Office, ''The Music of Roberto Refinetti, Volume 1,'' Registration Number SRu000458773.</ref>.

In his professional career, Refinetti has held a variety of positions, most often but not always in academic settings. After completing graduate school, he was assistant professor of psychology at the [[University of São Paulo]] (1986–1988) but soon moved to the [[United States]], where he sequentially held the positions of post-doctoral fellow at the [[University of California, Santa Barbara]] (1988–1989), post-doctoral fellow at the [[University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign|University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign]] (1989–1990), post-doctoral fellow at the [[University of Virginia]] (1990–1992), assistant professor of psychology at the [[College of William and Mary|College of William &amp; Mary]] (1992–1997), manager of professional publications at Montage Media Corporation, in [[New Jersey]] (1997–1998), private practitioner (consulting) in Birmingham, [[Alabama]] (1998–1999), assistant/associate/full professor at the [[University of South Carolina Salkehatchie|University of South Carolina, Salkehatchie]] (1999–present), and academic dean at the [[University of South Carolina Salkehatchie|University of South Carolina, Salkehatchie]] (2006–present).<ref name="R3">''Who's Who in the World'', 25th Edition. New Providence, NJ: Marquis Who's Who, 2008.</ref> Since 2001, he has also been an adjunct professor in the school of veterinary medicine of the [[University of Messina]], in [[Italy]].

== Work ==
=== Physiology ===
[[Image:CircadianPhysiologyCover.jpg|thumb|right|Cover of the second edition of ''Circadian Physiology'']]
Refinetti is best known as the author of ''Circadian Physiology'', a comprehensive book on [[circadian rhythms]] (first edition: 1999; second edition: 2006).<ref>Roberto Refinetti, ''Circadian Physiology,'' Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, 2006.</ref> The book was written to be accessible to researchers, clinicians, and general readers, and has often been used as a textbook for university courses on biological rhythms. It reviews in detail the extensive scientific literature in the field, covering history and methods in chronobiology, the natural history (phenomenology) of biological rhythms, endogenous and exogenous processes of rhythm generation and modulation, neural and molecular substrates, and applications in sports and entertainment, business, and medicine.<ref>United States Library of Congress, LCCN Permalink: http://lccn.loc.gov/2005050123</ref>

Although perhaps eclipsed by his book, his research program has made significant contributions to scientific knowledge on animal behavior,<ref>Roberto Refinetti and Harry Carlisle, "Behavioral heat intake as a function of reward duration in rats," ''Animal Learning and Behavior'' 15: 228-237, 1987.</ref><ref>Roberto Refinetti, "Rhythms of temperature selection and body temperature are out of phase in the golden hamster," ''Behavioral Neuroscience'' 109: 523-527, 1995.</ref><ref>Roberto Refinetti, "Variability of diurnality in laboratory rodents," ''Journal of Comparative Physiology A'' 192: 701-714,2006.</ref> animal physiology,<ref>Roberto Refinetti, "Effect of ambient temperature on respiratory quotient of lean and obese Zucker rats," ''American Journal of Physiology'' 256: R236-R239, 1989.</ref><ref>Roberto Refinetti and Michael Menaker, "Independence of heart rate and circadian period in the golden hamster," ''American Journal of Physiology'' 264: R235-R238.</ref><ref>Giuseppe Piccione, Giovanni Caola and Roberto Refinetti, "Temporal relationships of 21 physiological variables in horse and sheep," ''Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A'' 142: 389-396, 2005.</ref> behavioral neuroscience,<ref>Roberto Refinetti and Harry Carlisle, "Effects of lateral hypothalamic lesions on thermoregulation in the rat," ''Physiology and Behavior'' 38: 219-228, 1986.</ref><ref>Roberto Refinetti, Claire Kaufman and Michael Menaker, "Complete suprachiasmatic lesions eliminate circadian rhythmicity of body temperature and locomotor activity in golden hamsters," ''Journal of Comparative Physiology A'' 175: 223-232, 1994.</ref><ref>Aaron Osborne and Roberto Refinetti, "Effects of hypothalamic lesions on the body temperature rhythm of the golden hamster," ''NeuroReport'' 6: 2187-2192, 1995.</ref> human psychophysics,<ref>Roberto Refinetti, "Magnitude estimation of warmth: intra- and intersubject variability," ''Perception and Psychophysics'' 46: 81-84, 1989.</ref><ref>Roberto Refinetti, "Is there modal opponency in the thermal senses?" ''Journal of Thermal Biology'' 15: 255-258, 1990.</ref><ref>Jonathan Shoemaker and Roberto Refinetti, "Day-night difference in the preferred ambient temperature of human subjects," ''Physiology and Behavior'' 59: 1001–1003, 1996.</ref> and other behavioral and autonomic processes (see ''Publications'' below). He also published a number of important articles on data analysis procedures.<ref>Roberto Refinetti and Harry Carlisle, "A computational formula for heat influx in animal experiments," ''Journal of Thermal Biology'' 12: 263-266, 1987.</ref><ref>Roberto Refinetti, "Comparison of six methods for the determination of the period of circadian rhythms," ''Physiology and Behavior'' 54: 869-875, 1993.</ref><ref>Roberto Refinetti, "Non-stationary time series and the robustness of circadian rhythms," ''Journal of Theoretical Biology'' 227: 571-581, 2004.</ref>

Refinetti has had a strong presence in the process of scientific publishing by serving as the Editor-in-Chief of the ''Journal of Circadian Rhythms'' (2003–present)<ref>''Journal of Circadian Rhythms'': http://www.jcircadianrhythms.com</ref> and ''Sexuality & Culture'' (2010-present, Managing Editor 1997–2009),<ref>''Sexuality &amp; Culture'': http://www.springer.com/12119</ref> Associate Editor of ''BMC Research Notes''<ref>''BMC Research Notes'': http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcresnotes/</ref> and ''BMC Physiology'',<ref>''BMC Physiology'': http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcphysiol/</ref> editorial board member of the ''American Journal of Physiology''<ref>''American Journal of Physiology'': http://ajpcon.physiology.org/</ref> and ''Acta Scientiae Veterinariae'',<ref>''Acta Scientiae Veterinariae'': http://www.ufrgs.br/favet/revista/</ref> and ad hoc peer-reviewer for more than 40 other professional journals.<ref name="R4">''Faculty Profiles: Teachers, Researchers, Lecturers,'' Allendale, SC: University of South Carolina Salkehatchie, 2008.</ref> He has served as consultant for numerous journalists and media producers on a variety of topics related to biological rhythms, as recorded in newspaper articles on seasonal affective disorder,<ref>Dale Linder-Altman, "Winter blues more than a myth," ''The Press and Standard'' (Colleton County, South Carolina), 10 January 2003.</ref> on daylight-saving time,<ref>Christine Rook, "Time warp: biannual switch can cause confusion," ''Lansing State Journal'' (Lansing, Michigan), 4 April 2004.</ref> on the pervasiveness of circadian rhythms,<ref>Dennis O'Brien, "What makes us tick," ''The Baltimore Sun'' (Baltimore, Maryland), 23 September 2005.</ref> and on myths about lunar cycles in human behavior.<ref>Bo Petersen, "Do some go howling mad at full moon?" ''The Post and Courier'' (Charleston, South Carolina), 23 December 2007</ref> His laboratory's web site ([http://www.circadian.org/ circadian.org]), developed in 1996, receives over 10,000 visitors each year, half of them being biomedical researchers and half being members of the general public.

=== Philosophy ===
Refinetti became interested in philosophy as a teenager. While a day-time university student in psychology, he attended a different university at night and earned a B.A. degree in philosophy.<ref name="R3"/> He published his first philosophical essay ("Eulogy of the Relative") as part of his book of poems while he was still an undergraduate student.<ref name="R5"/> [[Relativism]] (or, as he preferred, ''relativity'') was the central focus of his interest in philosophy of science, which, for him, was the important part of philosophy. Relativity refers to the contention that moral values and/or factual beliefs are not good or correct in themselves but are good or correct only in reference to other values or beliefs. As a scientist, Refinetti was well aware of the apparent conflict between scientific realism (see [[Philosophical realism]]) and philosophical relativity (see [[Relativism]]). In his view, many self-appointed defenders of science are ignorant of philosophical relativity and make unjustifiable absolutist claims, whereas many self-proclaimed relativists are ignorant of science and scientific methods, so that enlightenment comes from avoiding either extreme.<ref>Roberto Refinetti, "Relativism," In: Leeming, D. A., Madden, K. & Marian, S. (Eds.). ''Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion,'' New York: Springer, 2010.</ref>

Although he did not publish extensively in philosophy, Refinetti did publish short essays on epistemological issues related to behaviorism,<ref>Roberto Refinetti, "And what about behaviorism?" ''Behaviorism'' 9: 105-106, 1981.</ref><ref>Roberto Refinetti, "Prolegomena to the epistemology of radical behaviorism," ''Manuscrito'' 10: 85-93, 1987.</ref> homeostasis,<ref>Roberto Refinetti, "The concept of set point in thermal physiology," ''Manuscrito'' 11: 47-56, 1988.</ref> information processing,<ref>Roberto Refinetti, "Information processing as a central issue in philosophy of science," ''Information Processing and Management'' 25: 583-584, 1989.</ref> and science education.<ref> Roberto Refinetti, "Philosophy of science and physiology education," ''American Journal of Physiology'' 272: S31-S35, 1997.</ref> His 1992 book, ''Philosophy of Physiological Psychology'', is available on his laboratory's web site.<ref>Roberto Refinetti, ''Philosophy of Physiological Psychology'', http://www.circadian.org/PPP/ppp.html</ref>

=== Higher Education Administration ===
After 20 years in academia administering his own research program as a faculty member and the research programs of others as a journal editor, ad hoc peer reviewer, and review panel member for funding agencies, Refinetti took on the position of academic dean at the Salkehatchie campus of the [[University of South Carolina]] in 2006.<ref name="R4"/> As the academic dean, he deals with issues of program assessment, faculty compensation, tenure and promotion, conflicts of interest, affirmative action, course scheduling, innovations in teaching strategies, support of faculty research, and other academic matters.

== Awards ==
[[Image:Refinetti2006.jpg|thumb|right|Refinetti (right) receiving the Carolina Trustee Professorship award in 2006]]

Refinetti was named a Distinguished Professor by the South Carolina Commission on Higher Education in 2004, when he was a finalist in the annual process to identify and honor the South Carolina Governor's Professor of the Year.<ref>''Salkehatchie Update'', Allendale, SC: University of South Carolina Salkehatchie, 2005. </ref>

Refinetti was awarded a Carolina Trustee Professorship by the Board of Trustees of the University of South Carolina in 2006 because of his record of teaching excellence and of outstanding performance in research and in public service activities.<ref>"USC Salk professor is honored," ''The Press and Standard'' (Colleton County, South Carolina), 30 June 2006.</ref>

== Publications ==
=== Books ===
<div class="references-small">
*Refinetti, R. (2006). ''Circadian Physiology, 2nd Edition''. Boca   Raton, FL: CRC Press. 
*Refinetti, R. (1999). ''Circadian Physiology''. Boca  Raton, FL: CRC Press. 
*Dank, B. M. and Refinetti, R. (Eds.) (1999). ''The Politics of Sexuality''. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction. 
*Dank, B. M. and Refinetti, R. (Eds.) (1998). ''Sex Work and Sex Workers''. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction. 
*Dank, B. M. and Refinetti, R. (Eds.) (1997). ''Sexual Harassment and Sexual Consent''. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction. 
*Refinetti, R. (1992). ''Philosophy of Physiological Psychology''. Electronic publishing (URL: www.circadian.org/PPP/ppp.html). 
*Refinetti, R. (1977). ''Robertti I''. São Paulo: Rumo.
</div>

=== Journal Articles and Book Chapters ===
<div class="references-small">
*Refinetti, R. (2010). Entrainment of circadian rhythm by ambient temperature cycles in mice. ''Journal of Biological Rhythms'' 25: 247-256.
*Refinetti, R. (2010). The circadian rhythm of body temperature. ''Frontiers in Bioscience'' 15: 564-594.
*Refinetti, R. (2010). Relativism. In: Leeming, D. A., Madden, K. & Marlan, S. (Eds.). ''Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion''. New York: Springer, pp. 762-764.
*Refinetti, R. (2010). Body and spirituality. In: Leeming, D. A., Madden, K. & Marlan, S. (Eds.). ''Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion''. New York: Springer, pp. 109-111.
*Piccione, G., Fazio, F., Giudice, E., and Refinetti, R. (2009). Body size and the daily rhythm of body temperature in dogs. ''Journal of Thermal Biology'' 34: 171–175. 
*Kart Gür, M., Refinetti, R., and Gür, H. (2009). Daily rhythmicity and hibernation in the Anatolian ground squirrel under natural and laboratory conditions. ''Journal of Comparative Physiology B'' 179: 155–164. 
*Piccione, G., Fazio, F., Caola, G., and Refinetti, R. (2008). Daily rhythmicity of glycemia in four species of domestic animals under various feeding regimes. ''Journal of Physiological Sciences'' 58: 271–275. 
*Refinetti, R. (2008). The diversity of temporal niches in mammals. ''Biological Rhythm Research'' 39: 173–192. 
*Piccione, G., Fazio, F., Caola, G., and Refinetti, R. (2008). Daily rhythmicity in nutrient content of asinine milk. ''Livestock Science'' 116: 323–327. 
*Refinetti, R. (2007). Absence of circadian and photoperiodic conservation of energy expenditure in three rodent species. ''Journal of Comparative Physiology B'' 177: 309–318. 
*Piccione, G., Caola, G., and Refinetti, R. (2007). Annual rhythmicity and maturation  of physiological parameters in goats. ''Research in Veterinary Science'' 83: 239–243. 
*Refinetti, R., Cornélissen, G., and Halberg, F. (2007). Procedures for numerical  analysis of circadian rhythms. ''Biological Rhythm Research'' 38: 275–325. 
*Piccione, G., Caola, G., and Refinetti, R. (2007). Daily rhythms of liver-function indicators in rabbits. ''Journal of Physiological Sciences'' 57: 101–105. 
*Refinetti, R. (2007). Enhanced circadian photo- responsiveness after prolonged dark adaptation in seven species of diurnal and nocturnal rodents. ''Physiology and Behavior'' 90: 431–437. 
*Refinetti, R. (2006). Variability of diurnality in laboratory rodents. ''Journal of Comparative Physiology A'' 192: 701–714. 
*Piccione, G., Caola, G., and Refinetti, R. (2005). Temporal relationships of 21 physiological variables in horse and sheep. ''Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A'' 142: 389–396. 
*Piccione, G., Caola, G., and Refinetti, R. (2005). Daily rhythms of blood pressure, heart rate, and body temperature in fed and fasted male dogs. ''Journal of Veterinary Medicine A'' 52: 377–381. 
*Refinetti, R. (2005). Time for sex: nycthemeral distribution of human sexual behavior. ''Journal of Circadian Rhythms'' 3: art. 4. 
*Refinetti, R. and Piccione, G. (2005). Intra- and inter-individual variability in the circadian rhythm of body temperature of rats, squirrels, dogs, and horses. ''Journal of Thermal Biology'' 30: 139–146. 
*Refinetti, R. (2004). The Nile grass rat as a laboratory animal. ''Lab Animal'' 33(9): 54–57. 
*Refinetti, R. (2004). Daily activity patterns of a nocturnal and a diurnal rodent in a semi-natural environment. ''Physiology and Behavior'' 82: 285–294. 
*Refinetti, R. (2004). Non-stationary time series and the robustness of circadian rhythms. ''Journal of Theoretical Biology'' 227: 571–581. 
*Piccione, G., Caola, G., and Refinetti, R. (2004). Feeble weekly rhythmicity in hematological, cardiovascular, and thermal parameters in the horse. ''Chronobiology International'' 21: 571–589. 
*Refinetti, R. (2004). Parameters of photic resetting of the circadian system of a diurnal rodent, the Nile grass rat. ''Acta Scientiae Veterinariae'' 32: 1–6. 
*Refinetti, R. (2003). Effects of prolonged exposure to darkness on circadian photic responsiveness in the mouse. ''Chronobiology International'' 20: 417–440. 
*Refinetti, R. (2003). Metabolic heat production, heat loss, and the circadian rhythm of body temperature in the rat. ''Experimental Physiology'' 88: 423–429. 
*Refinetti, R. and Piccione, G. (2003). Daily rhythmicity of body temperature in the dog. ''Journal of Veterinary Medical Science'' 65: 935–937. 
*Piccione, G., Caola, G., and Refinetti, R. (2003). Daily and estrous rhythmicity of body temperature in domestic cattle. ''BMC Physiology'' 3: 7. 
*Piccione, G. and Refinetti, R. (2003). Thermal chronobiology of domestic animals. ''Frontiers in Bioscience'' 8: s258–264. 
*Refinetti, R. and Laney, M. Y. (2003). Nycthemeral variation in intra-aural temperature and attention/memory but not in physical vigor of assiduous members of a fitness club. ''Biological Rhythm Research'' 34: 115-121. 
*Piccione, G., Caola, G., and Refinetti, R. (2003). Circadian rhythms of body temperature and liver function in fed and food-deprived goats. ''Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology'' 134A: 563–572. 
*Piccione, G., Caola, G., and Refinetti, R. (2002). Circadian modulation of starvation-induced hypothermia in sheep and goats. ''Chronobiology International'' 19: 531–541. 
*Piccione, G., Caola, G., and Refinetti, R. (2002). Effect of shearing on the core body temperature of three breeds of Mediterranean sheep. ''Small Ruminant Research'' 46: 211–215. 
*Refinetti, R. (2002). Compression and expansion of circadian rhythm in mice under long and short photoperiods. ''Integrative Physiological and Behavioral Science'' 37: 114–127. 
*Piccione, G., Caola, G., and Refinetti, R. (2002). The circadian rhythm of body temperature of the horse. ''Biological Rhythm Research'' 33: 113–119. 
*Piccione, G., Caola, G., and Refinetti, R. (2002). Maturation of the daily body temperature rhythm in sheep and horse. ''Journal of Thermal Biology'' 27: 333–336. 
*Refinetti, R. (2001). Sexual correctness in academia: The case of a professor. ''Sexuality & Culture'' 5(2): 91–94. 
*Refinetti, R. (2001). Dark adaptation in the circadian system of the mouse. ''Physiology and Behavior'' 74: 101–107. 
*Refinetti, R. (2000). Circadian rhythm of locomotor activity in the pill bug, ''Armadillidium vulgare'' (Isopoda). ''Crustaceana'' 73: 575–583. 
*Refinetti, R. (2000). Cinematic depiction of conflicts of interest in romantic relationships. ''Sexuality & Culture'' 4(1): 61–74. 
*Refinetti, R. (1999). Keeping up with the research literature through reprint requests. ''Scientist'' 13(12): 13. 
*Refinetti, R. (1999). Relationship between the daily rhythms of locomotor activity and body temperature in eight mammalian species. ''American Journal of Physiology'' 277: R1493–R1500. 
*Refinetti, R. (1999). Amplitude of the daily rhythm of body temperature in eleven mammalian species. ''Journal of Thermal Biology'' 24: 477–481. 
*Daymude, J. A. and Refinetti, R. (1999). Phase-shifting effects of single and multiple light pulses in the golden hamster. ''Biological Rhythm Research'' 30: 202–215. 
*Refinetti, R. (1998). Dentistry in the AIDS era: Infection risks and the law. ''Practical Periodontics & Aesthetic Dentistry'' 10: 503–506. 
*Refinetti, R. (1998). Influence of early environment on the circadian period of the tau-mutant hamster. ''Behavior Genetics'' 28: 153–158. 
*Refinetti, R. (1998). Body temperature and behavior of tree shrews and flying squirrels in a thermal gradient. ''Physiology and Behavior'' 63: 517–520. 
*Refinetti, R. (1998). Homeostatic and circadian control of body temperature in the fat-tailed gerbil. ''Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology'' 119A: 295–300. 
*Refinetti, R. (1997). Homeostasis and circadian rhythmicity in the control of body temperature. ''Annals of the ''''New York'''' ''''Academy'''' of Sciences'' 813: 63–70. 
*Refinetti, R. (1997). The effects of ambient temperature on the body temperature rhythm of rats, hamsters, gerbils, and tree shrews. ''Journal of Thermal Biology'' 22: 281–284. 
*Refinetti, R. (1997). Phase relationship of the body temperature and locomotor activity rhythms in free-running and entrained rats. ''Biological Rhythm Research'' 28 (Suppl.): 19–24. 
*Refinetti, R. (1997). Philosophy of science and physiology education. ''American Journal of Physiology ''272: S31–S35. 
*Refinetti, R. (1997). Circadian rhythm of self-exposure to light in the golden hamster. ''Behavioural Processes'' 40: 107–111. 
*Refinetti, R. and Menaker, M. (1997). Is energy expenditure in the hamster primarily under homeostatic or circadian control? ''Journal of Physiology'' 501: 449–453. 
*Refinetti, R. and Susalka, S. J. (1997). Circadian rhythm of temperature selection in a nocturnal lizard. ''Physiology and Behavior'' 62: 331–336. 
*Refinetti, R. (1996). Ultradian rhythms of body temperature and locomotor activity in wild-type and tau-mutant hamsters. ''Animal Biology'' 5: 111–115. 
*Brown, C. M. and Refinetti, R. (1996). Daily rhythms of heat production, body temperature, and locomotor activity in golden hamsters. ''Journal of Thermal Biology ''21: 227–230. 
*Refinetti, R. (1996). Rhythms of body temperature and temperature selection are out of phase in a diurnal rodent, ''Octodon degus''. ''Physiology and Behavior'' 60: 959–961. 
*Refinetti, R. (1996). Comparison of the body temperature rhythms of diurnal and nocturnal rodents. ''Journal of Experimental Zoology'' 275: 67–70. 
*Shoemaker, J. A. and Refinetti, R. (1996). Day–night difference in the preferred ambient temperature of human subjects. ''Physiology and Behavior ''59: 1001–1003. 
*Refinetti, R. (1996). Demonstrating the consequences of violations of assumptions in between-subjects analysis of variance. ''Teaching of Psychology'' 23: 51–54. 
*Watts, R. H., Jr. and Refinetti, R. (1996). Circadian modulation of cold-induced thermogenesis in the golden hamster. ''Biological Rhythm Research'' 27: 87–94. 
*Refinetti, R. (1996). The body temperature rhythm of the thirteen-lined ground squirrel, ''Spermophilus tridecemlineatus''. ''Physiological Zoology'' 69: 270–275. 
*Osborne, A. R. and Refinetti, R. (1995). Effects of hypothalamic lesions on the body temperature rhythm of the golden hamster. ''NeuroReport'' 6: 2187–2192. 
*Refinetti, R. (1995). Body temperature and behavior of golden hamsters (''Mesocricetus auratus'') and ground squirrels (''Spermophilus tridecemlineatus'') in a thermal gradient. ''Journal of Comparative Physiology A'' 177: 701–705. 
*Refinetti, R. (1995). Persistence of synchronization of the daily rhythms of body temperature and sleep-wake in college students. ''Biological Rhythm Research'' 26: 532–540. 
*Refinetti, R. (1995). Rhythms of temperature selection and body temperature are out of phase in the golden hamster. ''Behavioral Neuroscience'' 109: 523–527. 
*Refinetti, R. (1995). Effects of suprachiasmatic lesions on temperature regulation in the golden hamster. ''Brain Research Bulletin'' 36: 81–84. 
*Refinetti, R. (1994). The contribution of locomotor activity to the generation of the daily rhythm of body temperature in golden hamsters. ''Physiology and Behavior'' 56: 829–831. 
*Refinetti, R. (1994). Circadian modulation of ultradian oscillation in the body temperature of the golden hamster. ''Journal of Thermal Biology'' 19: 269–275. 
*Refinetti, R., Kaufman, C. M., and Menaker, M. (1994). Complete suprachiasmatic lesions eliminate circadian rhythmicity of body temperature and locomotor activity in golden hamsters. ''Journal of Comparative Physiology A'' 175: 223–232. 
*Refinetti, R. (1993). Comparison of six methods for the determination of the period of circadian rhythms. ''Physiology and Behavior'' 54: 869–875. 
*Refinetti, R. (1993). A functional model of the mammalian circadian pacemaker. ''International Journal of Biomedical Computing'' 32: 45–60. 
*Refinetti, R. and Menaker, M. (1993). Effects of imipramine on circadian rhythms in the golden hamster. ''Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior'' 45: 27–33. 
*Refinetti, R. and Menaker, M. (1993). Independence of heart rate and circadian period in the golden hamster. ''American Journal of Physiology'' 264: R235–R238. 
*Refinetti, R. and Menaker, M. (1992). The circadian rhythm of body temperature. ''Physiology and Behavior'' 51: 613–637. 
*Refinetti, R. (1992). Non-parametric procedures for the determination of phase markers of circadian rhythms. ''International Journal of Biomedical Computing'' 30: 49–56. 
*Refinetti, R. and Menaker, M. (1992). The circadian rhythm of body temperature of normal and tau-mutant golden hamsters. ''Journal of Thermal Biology'' 17: 129–133. 
*Refinetti, R., Nelson, D.E., and Menaker, M. (1992). Social stimuli fail to act as entraining agents of circadian rhythms in the golden hamster. ''Journal of Comparative Physiology A'' 170: 181–187. 
*Refinetti, R. (1992). Analysis of the circadian rhythm of body temperature. ''Behavior Research Methods, Instruments and Computers'' 24: 28–36. 
*Refinetti, R. and Menaker, M. (1992). Body temperature rhythm of the tree shrew, ''Tupaia belangeri''. ''Journal of Experimental Zoology'' 263: 453–457. 
*Refinetti, R. and Menaker, M. (1992). Evidence for separate control of circadian and estrous periodicity in the golden hamster. ''Behavioral and Neural Biology'' 58: 27–36. 
*Refinetti, R. (1991). An extremely simple procedure for the analysis of circadian and estrous periodicity. ''Physiology and Behavior'' 50: 655–659. 
*Refinetti, R. (1991). Use of chi square periodogram in the analysis of estrous rhythmicity. ''International Journal of Biomedical Computing'' 27: 125–132. 
*Refinetti, R. (1991). A prolegomenon to the study of graduate research training. ''American Journal of Physiology'' 260: S29–S31. 
*Refinetti, R. (1990). Retrieval performance in online search in thermal physiology. ''Computers and Biomedical Research'' 23: 32–36. 
*Refinetti, R., Ma, H., and Satinoff, E. (1990). Body temperature rhythms, cold tolerance, and fever in young and old rats of both genders. ''Experimental Gerontology'' 25: 533–543. 
*Refinetti, R. (1990). Experimentally induced disruption of the diurnal rhythm of body temperature of the rat. ''Biotemas'' 3: 47–58. 
*Refinetti, R. (1990). International directory of thermal biologists. ''Journal of Thermal Biology'' 15: 183–192. 
*Refinetti, R. (1990). Peripheral nervous control of cold induced reduction in the respiratory quotient of the rat. ''International Journal of Biometeorology'' 34: 24–27. 
*Refinetti, R. (1990). Is there modal opponency in the thermal senses? ''Journal of Thermal Biology'' 15: 255–258. 
*Refinetti, R. and Carlisle, H. J. (1989). Thermoregulation during pentobarbital and ketamine anesthesia in rats. ''Journal de Physiologie'' 83: 300–303. 
*Refinetti, R. (1989). Online coverage of the literature on thermal physiology. ''International Journal of Biomedical Computing'' 24: 127–131. 
*Refinetti, R. (1989). Body size and metabolic rate in the laboratory rat. ''Experimental Biology'' 48: 291–294. 
*Refinetti, R. (1989). Information processing as a central issue in philosophy of science. ''Information Processing and Management'' 25: 583–584. 
*Refinetti, R. (1989). Computation of effective body mass for metabolic studies of lean and obese rats. ''Metabolism'' 38: 763–766. 
*Refinetti, R. (1989). Partition of heat production in the rat. ''Biotemas'' 2: 47–55. 
*Refinetti, R., Carlisle, H. J., and Horvath, S. M. (1989). Respiratory gaseous exchange in the Zucker rat. ''Respiration Physiology'' 78: 1–6. 
*Refinetti, R. and Horvath, S. M. (1989). Thermopreferendum of the rat: inter- and intra-subject variabilities. ''Behavioral and Neural Biology'' 52: 87–94. 
*Refinetti, R. (1989). Effect of ambient temperature on respiratory quotient of lean and obese Zucker rats. ''American Journal of Physiology'' 256: R236–R239. 
*Refinetti, R. (1989). Magnitude estimation of warmth: intra- and intersubject variability. ''Perception and Psychophysics'' 46: 81–84. 
*Refinetti, R. (1988). Effect of propranolol on behavioral thermoregulation in rats with lateral hypothalamic lesions. ''Biotemas'' 1: 28–32. 
*Refinetti, R. (1988). Effects of food temperature and ambient temperature during a meal on food intake in the rat. ''Physiology and Behavior'' 43: 245–247. 
*Refinetti, R. (1988). Problems concerning English–Portuguese translations in psychology. ''Ciência e Cultura'' 40: 140–142. (In Portuguese) 
*Refinetti, R. and Refinetti, K. Z. (1988). Absence of metabolic acclimation to cycling temperature conditions in the goldfish. ''Physiology and Behavior'' 43: 121–122. 
*Refinetti, R. (1988). The concept of set point in thermal physiology. ''Manuscrito'' 11: 47–56. 
*Refinetti, R. (1988). Magnitude estimation of warmth in children. ''Journal of Thermal Biology'' 13: 85–88. 
*Refinetti, R. and Carlisle, H. J. (1987). A reevaluation of the role of the lateral hypothalamus in behavioral temperature regulation. ''Physiology and Behavior'' 40: 189–192. 
*Refinetti, R. (1987). Easy interpolation. ''80 Micro'' 86: 72–75. 
*Refinetti, R. and Carlisle, H. J. (1987). A computational formula for heat influx in animal experiments. ''Journal of Thermal Biology'' 12: 263–266. 
*Refinetti, R. and Carlisle, H. J. (1987). Behavioral heat intake as a function of reward duration in rats. ''Animal Learning and Behavior'' 15: 228–237. 
*Refinetti, R. (1987). Prolegomena to the epistemology of radical behaviorism. ''Manuscrito'' 10: 85–93. (In Portuguese) 
*Refinetti, R. and Carlisle, H. J. (1986). Effects of lateral hypothalamic lesions on thermoregulation in the rat. ''Physiology and Behavior'' 38: 219–228. 
*Refinetti, R. (1986). Time on your side. ''80 Micro'' 77: 82. 
*Refinetti, R. and Carlisle, H. J. (1986). Complementary nature of heat production and heat intake during behavioral thermoregulation in the rat. ''Behavioral and Neural Biology'' 46: 64–70. 
*Refinetti, R. and Carlisle, H. J. (1986). Effects of anterior and posterior hypothalamic temperature changes on thermoregulation in the rat. ''Physiology and Behavior'' 36: 1099–1103. 
*Refinetti, R. (1986). A display of character. ''80 Micro'' 76: 60. 
*Refinetti, R. (1984). Behavioral temperature regulation in the pill bug, ''Armadillidium vulgare'' (Isopoda). ''Crustaceana'' 47: 29–43. 
*Refinetti, R. (1983). Thermoregulatory behaviour of Budgerigars in a cold environment. ''Bird Behaviour'' 4: 90–92.
</div>

=== Abstracts, Letters, Book Reviews, and Editorials ===
<div class="references-small">
*Refinetti, R. (2010). Review of "Seasons of Life: The Biological Rhythms that Enable Living Things to Thrive and Survive". ''Quarterly Review of Biology'' 85: 89. (Book Review)
*Refinetti, R. (2010). Preliminary evidence that the food-entrainable oscillator is not exclusively responsive to food. ''12th Meeting of the Society for Research on Biological Rhythms'', Destin, Florida, May 22-26. (Abstract)
*Refinetti, R. (2010). Sexuality and culture – and beyond. ''Sexuality & Culture'' 14:1-4 (Editorial).
*Basu, P., Singaravel, M., and Refinetti, R. (2009). Motor learning during circadian wheel running: a fresh perspective using a new model rodent, ''Mus terricolor''. ''11th Congress of the European Biological Rhythms Society'', Strasbourg, France, August 22–28. (Abstract) 
*Refinetti, R. (2008). The fissure was real. ''APS Observer'' 21(2): 25–26. (Letter) 
*Refinetti, R. (2008). Entrainment of circadian rhythm by ambient temperature cycle in mice. ''11th Meeting of the Society for Research on Biological Rhythms'', Destin, Florida, May 17–21. (Abstract) 
*Refinetti, R. (2007). Testing reveals absence of circadian and photoperiodic conservation of energy expenditure. ''7th International Congress of Comparative Physiology and Biochemistry'', Salvador, Brazil, August 12–16. (Abstract) 
*Refinetti, R., Cornélissen, G., and Halberg, F. (2006). Unilateral SCN ablation amplifies while bilateral SCN ablation dampens the circadian rhythm in core temperature of hamsters. ''International Conference on the Frontiers of Biomedical Science: Chronobiology'', Chengdu, China, September 24–26. (Abstract) 
*Watanabe, Y., Cornélissen, G., Refinetti, R., Czaplicki, J., Kodera, L., Shimizu, J., Fujita, T., and Halberg, F. (2006). Cardiovascular monitoring at the South Pole reveals two simultaneous circadian components in blood pressure. ''International Conference on the Frontiers of Biomedical Science: Chronobiology'', Chengdu, China, September 24–26. (Abstract) 
*Dank, B. M. & Refinetti, R. (2006). Tenth anniversary and beyond. ''Sexuality &amp; Culture'' 10(1): 3–4. (Editorial) 
*Refinetti, R. (2006). Variability of diurnality in laboratory rodents. ''10th Meeting of the Society for Research on Biological Rhythms'', Destin, Florida. (Abstract) 
*Refinetti, R. (2005). College admissions and SAT I data bias. ''APS Observer'' 18(7): 5. (Letter) 
*Refinetti, R. (2005). Scientists' salaries and academic prestige. ''Scientist'' 19(19): 10. (Letter) 
*Refinetti, R. (2005). The Nile grass rat as a laboratory animal for research on circadian rhythms. ''Thirty-fifth International Congress of Physiological Sciences'', San Diego, California. (Abstract) 
*Refinetti, R. (2004). Daily activity patterns of a nocturnal and a diurnal rodent in a semi-natural environment. ''Ninth Meeting of the Society for Research on Biological Rhythms'', Whistler, Canada. (Abstract) 
*Refinetti, R. (2003). Journal of Circadian Rhythms: 21st-century publishing for 21st-century science. ''Journal of Circadian Rhythms'' 1: 1. (Editorial) 
*Refinetti, R. (2003). Circadian and homeostatic regulation of body temperature. ''Experimental Biology 2003'', San Diego, California. (Abstract) 
*Refinetti, R., Piccione, G., and Caola, G. (2002). Maturation of the daily body temperature rhythm in sheep and horse. ''Experimental Biology 2002'', New Orleans, Louisiana. (Abstract) 
*Refinetti, R., Piccione, G., and Caola, G. (2002). Circadian modulation of starvation-induced hypothermia in sheep and goats. ''Eighth Meeting of the Society for Research on Biological Rhythms'', Jacksonville, Florida. (Abstract) 
*Refinetti, R. (2002). Circadian rhythmicity and homeostasis in small and large mammals. ''Biological Rhythms in Livestock'', Messina, Italy. (Abstract) 
*Refinetti, R. (2000). On being a journal editor: Academics and politics. ''Sexuality & Culture'' 4(4): 3–6. (Editorial) 
*Refinetti, R. (1999). Amplitude of the daily rhythm of body temperature in small mammals. ''Eleventh International Symposium on the Pharmacology of Thermoregulation'', Seville, Spain. (Abstract) 
*Dank, B. M. and Refinetti, R. (1999). The politics of sexuality. ''Sexuality & Culture'' 3: 1–2. (Editorial) 
*Refinetti, R. (1998). Gender discrimination in physiology. ''Advances in Physiology Education'' 19: S102. (Letter) 
*Refinetti, R. (1998). "Big sisterism" not conducive to adult responsibility. ''Academe'' 84(6): 4. (Letter) 
*Refinetti, R. (1998). What can we say about sexual harassment? ''Sexuality & Culture'' 2: 187–189. (Book Review) 
*Refinetti, R. (1997). Homeostatic and circadian control of body temperature in the fat-tailed gerbil, Pachyuromys duprasi. ''Thirty-Third International Congress of Physiological Sciences'', St. Petersburg, Russia. (Abstract) 
*Refinetti, R. (1997). Teaching versus research in academia. ''Advances in Physiology Education'' 17: S51–S52. (Letter) 
*Refinetti, R. (1997). Sexual harassment, sexual consent, and beyond. ''Sexuality & Culture'' 1: 5–17. (Editorial) 
*Refinetti, R. (1996). Homeostasis and circadian rhythmicity in the control of body temperature. ''Tenth International Symposium on the Pharmacology of Thermoregulation'', Memphis, Tennessee. (Abstract) 
*Refinetti, R. (1996). Comparison of the daily rhythms of body temperature of diurnal and nocturnal rodents. ''Fifth Meeting of the Society for Research on Biological Rhythms'', Jacksonville, Florida. (Abstract) 
*Refinetti, R. (1995). Separation of homeostatic and circadian control of body temperature in the golden hamster. ''Physiologist'' 38 (3): A-26. (Abstract) 
*Dank, B. M. and Refinetti, R. (1995). Student-professor bonds. ''APA Monitor'' 26 (9): 4. (Letter) 
*Refinetti, R. (1994). Effects of electrolytic and neurotoxic hypothalamic lesions on the daily rhythm of body temperature in golden hamsters. ''Society for Neuroscience Abstracts'' 20: 449. (Abstract) 
*Refinetti, R., Kaufman, K. M., and Menaker, M. (1993). Complete suprachiasmatic lesions eliminate circadian rhythmicity of body temperature and locomotor activity in golden hamsters. ''Society for Neuroscience Abstracts'' 19: 1488. (Abstract) 
*Refinetti, R. and Menaker, M. (1992). Physiological effects of the tau gene. ''Third Meeting of the Society for Research on Biological Rhythms'', Jacksonville, Florida. (Abstract) 
*Refinetti, R., Rissman, E., and Menaker, M. (1991). Circadian organization of sex behavior in pairs of tau-mutant hamsters. ''FASEB Journal'' 5 (5): A1126. (Abstract) 
*Refinetti, R. (1991). Low citation rates: who is to blame? ''FASEB Journal'' 5: 2217. (Letter) 
*Refinetti, R. (1990). Investigation of scientific misconduct: virtue or hypocrisy? ''FASEB Journal'' 4: 3159–3160. (Letter) 
*Refinetti, R. (1990). The real issue in the antivivisection controversy. ''Science, Technology, and Human Values'' 15: 122–123. (Letter) 
*Refinetti, R. (1990). In defense of the least publishable unit. ''FASEB Journal'' 4: 128–129. (Letter) 
*Refinetti, R. and Carlisle, H.J. (1986). Heat intake as a function of reward duration. ''IUPS Satellite Symposium on Thermal Physiology'', Calgary, Canada. (Abstract) 
*Refinetti, R. (1983). About unions and ruptures. ''Behaviorism'' 11: 115–116. (Letter) 
*Refinetti, R. (1983). Effects of temperature on burrowing in the golden hamster: I. Latency. ''Ciência e Cultura'' 35 (Suppl.): 820. (In Portuguese) 
*Refinetti, R. (1983). Nest building in the rat: effects of temperature during the collection phase. ''Ciência e Cultura'' 35 (Suppl.): 820–821. (In Portuguese) 
*Refinetti, R. (1983). Conflict between water intake and thermoregulation in the rat. ''Ciência e Cultura'' 35 (Suppl.): 821. (In Portuguese) 
*Refinetti, R. (1983). Conflict between food intake and thermoregulation in the goldfish. ''Ciência e Cultura '' 35 (Suppl.): 820. (In Portuguese) 
*Refinetti, R. (1982). Thermopreferendum of the sauba ant. ''Ciência e Cultura'' 34 (Suppl.): 897. (In Portuguese) 
*Refinetti, R. (1982). Costs of thermoregulatory bar pressing. ''Ciência e Cultura'' 34 (Suppl.): 896–897. (In Portuguese) 
*Refinetti, R. (1981). And what about behaviorism? ''Behaviorism'' 9: 105–106. (Letter)
</div>

== Notes ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Refinetti, Roberto}}
[[Category:Brazilian non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:American non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:Brazilian psychologists]]
[[Category:American psychologists]]
[[Category:Brazilian physiologists]]
[[Category:American physiologists]]
[[Category:1957 births]]
[[Category:American people of Brazilian descent]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Circadian rhythms]]
[[Category:2Fix]]