Foster Kennedy syndrome
| Foster Kennedy syndrome | |
|---|---|
| Classification and external resources | |
| ICD-9 | 377.04 |
| DiseasesDB | 31967 |
Foster Kennedy syndrome (also known as Gowers-Paton-Kennedy syndrome, Kennedy's phenomenon or Kennedy's syndrome) refers to a constellation of findings associated with tumors of the frontal lobe. [1]
Although "Foster Kennedy syndrome" is equated with "Kennedy syndrome",[2] it should not be confused with Kennedy disease, which is named for W. R. Kennedy.
Pseudo-Foster Kennedy syndrome is defined as one-sided optic atrophy with papilledema in the other eye but with the absence of a mass.[3]
Presentation
The syndrome is defined as the following changes:
- optic atrophy
- papilledema in the opposite eye
- Central scotoma (loss of vision in the middle of the visual fields) in the same eye
- anosmia (loss of smell) on the same side
This syndrome is due to optic nerve compression, olfactory nerve compression, and increased intracranial pressure (ICP) secondary to a mass (such as meningioma or plasmacytoma, usually an olfactory groove meningioma).[4][5] There are other symptoms present in some cases such as nausea and vomiting, memory loss and emotional lability (i.e. frontal lobe signs).[5]
History
The syndrome was first extensively noted by Robert Foster Kennedy in 1911, a British neurologist, who spent most of his career working in the United States of America.[6] However, the first mention of the syndrome came from a William Gowers in 1893. Schultz-Zehden described the symptoms again in 1905. A later description was written by Wilhelm Uhthoff in 1915.[7]
Treatment and prognosis
The treatment, and therefore prognosis, varies depending upon the underlying tumour.[5]
References
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<references />, or <references group="..." />- ↑ Kennedy syndrome at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
- ↑ Foster Kennedy syndrome at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
- ↑ Bansal S, Dabbs T, Long V (2008). "Pseudo-Foster Kennedy Syndrome due to unilateral optic nerve hypoplasia: a case report". J Med Case Reports. 2: 86. doi:10.1186/1752-1947-2-86. PMC 2278154 Freely accessible. PMID 18348732. Retrieved 2008-08-13.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Citation/CS1/Suggestions' not found.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Willacy, Hayley. "Foster Kennedy syndrome". Retrieved 2008-08-13.
- ↑ Thorofare, NJ (1911). Kennedy F; Retrobulbar neuritis as an exact diagnostic sign of certain tumors and abscesses in the frontal lobe. American Journal of the Medical Sciences.
- ↑ "Kennedy's syndrome". Retrieved 2008-08-13.
