Nitro blue tetrazolium chloride
| Nitro blue tetrazolium chloride | |
|---|---|
| File:Nitroblue tetrazolium.svg | |
| style="background: #F8EABA; text-align: center;" colspan="2" | Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 298-83-9 
|
| PubChem | 9281 |
| SMILES | Script error: No such module "collapsible list". |
| style="background: #F8EABA; text-align: center;" colspan="2" | Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C40H30Cl2N10O6 |
| Molar mass | 817.64 g/mol |
| Appearance | yellow crystalline powder |
| Melting point |
200°C |
| style="background: #F8EABA; text-align: center;" colspan="2" | Hazards | |
| Main hazards | may be reactive based on presence of tetrazole group, nitro group and contiguous nitrogen atoms |
| Flash point | not available |
| LD50 | 2gm/kg |
 (what is this?) (verify)Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) | |
| Infobox references | |
Nitro blue tetrazolium is a chemical compound composed of two tetrazole moieties. It is used in immunology for sensitive detection of alkaline phosphatase (with BCIP). NBT serves as the oxidant and BCIP is the AP-substrate (and gives also dark blue dye).
Clinical significance
In immunohistochemistry the alkaline phosphatase is often used as a marker, conjugated to an antibody. The colored product can either be of the NBT/BCIP reaction reveals where the antibody is bound, or can be used in immunofluorescence.[1]
The NBT/BCIP reaction is also used for colorimetric/spectrophotometric activity assays of oxidoreductases. One application is in activity stains in gel electrophoresis, such as with the mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes.[2]
Nitro blue tetrazolium is used in a diagnostic test,[3] particularly for chronic granulomatous disease and other diseases of phagocyte function. A disease where there is a defect in NADPH oxidase, therefore the phagocyte is unable to make the reactive oxygen species or radicals required for bacterial killing and results in bacteria thriving within the phagocyte.[4]
References
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- ↑ Nisimoto Y, Wilson E, Heyl BL, Lambeth JD (5 January 1986). "NADH dehydrogenase from bovine neutrophil membranes. Purification and properties". J. Biol. Chem. 261 (1): 285–90. PMID 3941077.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Citation/CS1/Suggestions' not found.
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