Search results

• Mefloquine
  ...lter Reed Army Institute of Research]] in the U.S. as a synthetic analogue of [[quinine]]. ...sed to prevent [[malaria]] (malaria prophylaxis) and also in the treatment of [[chloroquine]]-resistant [[Plasmodium falciparum|falciparum malaria]]. As
  13 KB (1,807 words) - 16:41, 27 September 2010
• Chloroquine
  ...wɪn}}) is a [[4-aminoquinoline]] drug used in the treatment or prevention of [[malaria]]. ...s introduced into clinical practice in 1947 for the prophylactic treatment of malaria.<ref>http://www.cdc.gov/malaria/history/index.htm#chloroquine</ref>
  16 KB (2,187 words) - 16:41, 27 September 2010
• Chloramphenicol
  .... It is considered a prototypical [[broad-spectrum antibiotic]], alongside the [[Tetracycline antibiotics|tetracycline]]s. ...|journal=Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther |volume=6 |issue=5 |pages=593–600 |year=2008 |month=October |pmid=18847400 |doi=10.1586/14787210.6.5.593 |url=http:
  29 KB (3,876 words) - 16:42, 27 September 2010
• Vancomycin
  ...robAgentsChemother 1990 1342 commons.jpg|thumbnail|300px|Crystal structure of a short peptide L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala (bacterial cell wall precursor, in green) ...after treatment with other antibiotics had failed, although the emergence of vancomycin-resistant organisms means that it is increasingly being displace
  31 KB (4,198 words) - 16:43, 27 September 2010
• Rifampicin
  ...le=Rifomycin, a new antibiotic—preliminary report|journal=Farmaco Ed Sci|year=1959|volume=14|pages=146&ndash;147}}</ref> Rifampicin may be abbreviated ' ...mpts in order to obtain more stable semi-synthetic products, in 1959 a new molecule with high efficacy and good tolerability was produced and was named "rifamp
  18 KB (2,471 words) - 16:43, 27 September 2010
• Isoniazid
  ...velops. Isoniazid also has an [[antidepressant]] effect, and it was one of the first antidepressants discovered. ...>{{Cite journal|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9670|pages=1148&ndash;1149|year=2009
  12 KB (1,566 words) - 16:43, 27 September 2010
• Didanosine
  | image2 = Didanosine molecule structure.png ...and used in combination with other [[antiretroviral drug]] therapy as part of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).
  9 KB (1,239 words) - 16:44, 27 September 2010
• Ribavirin
  ...sms have been proposed for this (see Mechanisms of Action, below) but none of these has been proven to date. Multiple mechanisms may be responsible for i ...as the drug is present, which can be as long as 6 months after a course of the drug has ended.
  23 KB (3,222 words) - 16:45, 27 September 2010
• Codeine
  ...2D6.17 |journal=Drug Metab. Dispos. |volume=35 |issue=8 |pages=1292–300 |year=2007 |month=August |pmid=17470523 |doi=10.1124/dmd.107.015354 |url=}}</ref> ...tion process is still much more common. It is considered the prototype of the weak to midrange opioids.
  40 KB (5,581 words) - 16:45, 27 September 2010
• Sodium thiopental
  ...arean section |journal=Anesthesiology |volume=54 |issue=6 |pages=474–80 |year=1981 |month=June |pmid=7235275 |doi= 10.1097/00000542-198106000-00006|url= ...Model List of Essential Medicines|Essential Drugs List]]", which is a list of minimum medical needs for a basic healthcare system.<ref name="essentialWHO
  24 KB (3,339 words) - 16:46, 27 September 2010
• Methylene blue
  | ImageName1 = Space-filling model of methylene blue in its oxidised form ...thyl blue]], another [[histology]] stain, [[new methylene blue]], nor with the [[methyl violet]]s often used as [[pH indicator]]s.
  27 KB (3,650 words) - 16:46, 27 September 2010
• Activated carbon
  ...cal reaction]]s.<ref>[http://www.activated-carbon.com/1-3.html "Properties of Activated Carbon", CPL Caron Link, accessed 2008-05-02]</ref> ...ough further chemical treatment often enhances the absorbing properties of the material. Activated carbon is usually derived from [[charcoal]].
  41 KB (5,738 words) - 16:47, 27 September 2010
• Aspirin
  {{Redirect|Asprin|the author|Robert Asprin}} ...r to create a patch over damage of the walls within blood vessels. Because the platelet patch can become too large and also block blood flow, locally and
  78 KB (10,918 words) - 16:52, 27 September 2010
• Suramin
  ...othe]] of [[Bayer]], [[Germany]] in 1916, and is still sold by Bayer under the [[brand name]] '''Germanin'''. ...g to the National Cancer Institute there are no active clinical trials (as of April 1, 2008). Completed and closed clinical trials are listed here: [http
  7 KB (906 words) - 16:47, 27 September 2010
• Atenolol
  ...graphy |journal=J. Pharm. Pharmacol. |volume=43 |issue=8 |pages=597–600 |year=1991 |month=August |pmid=1681079 |doi= |url= |issn= |accessdate=2008-05-19} .../en/NeLM-Area/Evidence/Guidelines/Updated-NICE-guideline-on-the-management-of-hypertension-in-adults-in-primary-care/ | date=2006-06-30 | publisher=[[Nat
  12 KB (1,720 words) - 16:48, 27 September 2010
• Digoxin
  | routes_of_administration = [[Route of administration#Enteral|Oral]], [[Intravenous therapy|Intravenous]] ...by other [[medication]]. Digoxin preparations are commonly marketed under the [[trade name]]s '''Lanoxin''', '''Digitek''', and '''Lanoxicaps'''. It is a
  19 KB (2,738 words) - 16:48, 27 September 2010
• Acetic acid
  ...]] (62&nbsp;[[Fahrenheit|°F]]) to a colourless [[crystal]]line [[solid]]. The pure acid and its concentrated solutions are dangerously corrosive. ...[[descaling agent]]s. In the [[food industry]], acetic acid is used under the [[E number|food additive code]] E260 as an [[acidity regulator]] and as a c
  41 KB (5,915 words) - 16:49, 27 September 2010
• Glucose
  {{about|the naturally-occurring <small>D</small>-form of glucose|the <small>L</small>-form|L-Glucose}} .../cccda/sl/solubility/allsolvents.php?solute=D-glucose | title = Solubility of D-glucose in non-aqueous solvents}}.</ref>
  23 KB (3,050 words) - 16:52, 27 September 2010
• Potassium chloride
  | OtherNames = [[Sylvite]]<br/>Muriate of potash ...n (legal)|execution]] through [[lethal injection]]. It occurs naturally as the [[mineral]] [[sylvite]] and in combination with [[sodium chloride]] as [[sy
  14 KB (1,921 words) - 16:49, 27 September 2010
• Ibuprofen
  ...Model List of Essential Medicines|Essential Drugs List]]", which is a list of minimum medical needs for a basic health care system.<ref name="essentialWH | month = March | year = 2005
  29 KB (3,955 words) - 22:17, 21 September 2010
• Mercury (element)
  ...Frostburg State University| author=Senese, F}}</ref><ref name="Norrby" /> the others being [[caesium]], [[francium]], [[gallium]], and [[rubidium]]. ...f mercury (such as [[mercuric chloride]] or [[methylmercury]]), inhalation of mercury vapor, or eating seafood contaminated with mercury.
  69 KB (10,077 words) - 21:35, 20 September 2010
• Magnesium sulfate
  ...[[oxygen]], with the formula MgSO₄. It is often encountered as the heptahydrate [[epsomite]] (MgSO₄·7H₂O), commonly cal ...edical preparations. Epsom salt has been traditionally used as a component of [[bath salts]].
  14 KB (1,882 words) - 16:50, 27 September 2010
• Morphine
  {{About|the drug|other meanings|Morphine (disambiguation)}} *[[Cardiac arrest]], cessation of [[Cardiac cycle|heartbeat]], or [[heart failure]]
  87 KB (12,376 words) - 16:51, 27 September 2010
• Paracetamol
  ...al = Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data | volume = 44 | pages = 1391 | year = 1999}}</ref> ...States Adopted Name|USAN]]) is a widely used [[over-the-counter drug|over-the-counter]] [[analgesic]] (pain reliever) and [[antipyretic]] (fever reducer)
  54 KB (7,376 words) - 16:52, 27 September 2010
• Diazepam
  ...fect of the neurotransmitter GABA by binding to the benzodiazepine site on the [[GABAA receptor|GABA_A receptor]] leading to [[central nervous s ...s-2008"/> Diazepam also has abuse potential and can cause serious problems of addiction. Urgent action by National Governments to improve prescribing pra
  78 KB (10,295 words) - 16:51, 27 September 2010
• Sodium chloride
  {{redirect|NaCl|the Google technology|Google Native Client}} {{about|the chemical compound|sodium chloride in the diet|Salt|sodium chloride as a mineral|Halite}}
  19 KB (2,579 words) - 16:51, 27 September 2010
• EDTA
  ...ll and stick model of the EDTA molecule, in the zwitterionic form found in the solid state ...widely used to dissolve [[Limescale|scale]]. Its usefulness arises because of its role as a hexadentate ligand and [[chelating agent]], i.e. its ability
  21 KB (2,946 words) - 15:10, 6 July 2010
• Plastic recycling
  ...chairs and tables. Typically a plastic is not recycled into the same type of plastic, and products made from recycled plastics are often not recyclable. ...to dissolve such a large molecule; because of this, plastics must often be of nearly identical composition in order to mix efficiently.
  18 KB (2,694 words) - 21:59, 6 July 2010
• Digitalis
  ...id = 11222255 | issue = 2 | jstor = 2657024 | publisher = American Journal of Botany, Vol. 88, No. 2}}</ref> ...urple [[tint]]s through various shades of light gray, and to purely white. The flowers can also possess various marks and spottings.
  15 KB (2,220 words) - 12:27, 7 July 2010
• List of psychedelic plants
  ...usands of years for religious purposes. The plants are listed according to the substances they contain. ...ects of cannabis. Many jurisdictions have laws regulating the sale and use of [[medical cannabis]] to treat pain, insomnia, and stimulate appetite.
  67 KB (9,608 words) - 12:28, 7 July 2010
• Propædia
  ...listing the staff members, advisors and contributors to all three parts of the ''Britannica''. ==The Outline of Knowledge==
  41 KB (5,585 words) - 13:32, 19 September 2010
• Homeostasis
  ...pically used to refer to a living [[organism]], the concept came from that of [[milieu interieur]] that was created by [[Claude Bernard]] and published i ...example of "regulators" because they control their parameters in a variety of climates and conditions.
  21 KB (3,070 words) - 21:41, 19 September 2010
• Renin inhibitor
  ...re a new group of [[pharmaceutical]]s that are used primarily in treatment of [[hypertension]]. They act on the [[juxtaglomerular cell]]s of [[kidney]], which produce renin in response to decreased [[blood flow]].
  5 KB (697 words) - 09:44, 20 September 2010
• 4-Aminopyridine
  ...''Ampyra''' (pronounced "am-PEER-ah," according to the maker's website) in the United States by [[Acorda Therapeutics]] and will be available in March 201 ...ao Ichimura "Pyridine and Pyridine Derivatives" in "Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry" 2007; John Wiley & Sons: New York.</ref>
  9 KB (1,146 words) - 09:44, 20 September 2010
• Diamondoid
  ...echnology]], e.g., [[graphite]], [[carbon nanotubes]] consisting of sheets of [[carbon]] atoms rolled into tubes, spherical [[buckyballs]] and other [[gr ...</sub>H₃₀) | journal= Angewandte Chemie International Edition | year= 2003 | volume= 42 | pages= 2040–2044 |doi= 10.1002/anie.200250794 | pm
  8 KB (1,136 words) - 10:07, 20 September 2010
• Photoresist
  The main properties characterizing the photoresist types are: ...per. The portion of the photoresist that is unexposed remains insoluble to the photoresist developer.
  16 KB (2,176 words) - 10:09, 20 September 2010
• Molecular imprinted polymer
  ...and can be used to fabricate sensors, catalysis or for separation methods. The functional mechanism is similar to [[antibodies]] or [[enzymes]]. ...ve one or more functional groups and should not be polymerisable or retard the polymerisation process.
  4 KB (446 words) - 10:09, 20 September 2010
• Superabsorbent polymer
  ...er''') are [[polymer]]s that can absorb and retain extremely large amounts of a liquid relative to their own mass.<ref>Horie, K, ''et. al'', 890.</ref> ...ns in the solution will impede the polymers ability to bond with the water molecule.
  9 KB (1,214 words) - 10:09, 20 September 2010
• Spherulite (polymer physics)
  ...cules within the lamellae results in [[birefringence]] producing a variety of colored patterns, including [[Maltese cross (optics)|Maltese cross]], when ...ormation during the crystallization of polymers. Arrow shows the direction of temperature gradient.<ref name="Menges">Georg Menges, Edmund Haberstroh, Wa
  9 KB (1,348 words) - 10:09, 20 September 2010
• Parylene
  ...ulators. Among them, Parylene C is the most popular due to its combination of barrier properties, cost, and other manufacturing advantages. ...inated (no termination group needed) with no solvent or catalyst required. The precursor, [2.2]paracyclophane, yields 100% monomer and initiator and does
  8 KB (1,048 words) - 10:09, 20 September 2010
• Threose nucleic acid
  ...[[polymer]] similar to [[DNA]] or [[RNA]] but differing in the composition of its "backbone". TNA is not known to occur naturally. ...epeating [[threose]] units linked by [[phosphodiester bond]]s. The threose molecule is easier to assemble than ribose making it a possible precursor to RNA.
  2 KB (280 words) - 10:09, 20 September 2010
• Biopolymer
  [[File:ADN animation.gif|thumb|right|220px|Microstructure of part of a [[DNA]] [[double helix]] '''biopolymer''']] ...[peptide]]s, [[DNA]] and [[RNA]] are all examples of biopolymers, in which the [[monomer]]ic units, respectively, are [[sugar]]s, [[amino acid]]s, and [[n
  68 KB (9,959 words) - 10:10, 20 September 2010
• Arabinogalactan
  ...agel EA, Bacic A, Clarke AE|year=2000|title=Cell and developmental biology of arabinogalactan-proteins|publisher=Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers|id= IS The microbial arabinogalactan is a major structural component of the [[mycobacterial]] [[cell wall]].<ref>
  6 KB (862 words) - 10:10, 20 September 2010
• Factors of polymer weathering
  ...erature, moisture and atmospheric oxygen, that acts as the main parameters of stress for outdoor weathering. ...gical conditions. Therefore, in order to understand and predict the effect of weather on materials, data are required on each factor that may contribute
  12 KB (1,716 words) - 10:10, 20 September 2010
• Polymer
  [[Image:Single Polymer Chains AFM.jpg|right|thumb|175px|Appearance of real linear polymer chains as ...l of the American Chemical Society|volume=127|issue=45|pages=15688–15689|year=2005|pmid=16277495}}</ref>]]
  45 KB (6,501 words) - 10:11, 20 September 2010
• Antimicrobial polymers
  ...title=The Chemistry and Applications of Antimicrobial Polymers: A State of the Art Review|journal=BioMacromolecules|publisher=American Chemical Society|vo ...mall molecule antimicrobial agents and antimicrobial polymers are shown in the following table:<ref name="Review"/>
  26 KB (3,675 words) - 10:11, 20 September 2010
• Coordination polymers
  ...nal|last=You|first=X.|year=2006|title=Synthesis, structures and properties of alkaline earth metal benzene-1,4-dioxylacetates with three-dimensional hybr ...ef name="Chen">{{cite journal|last=Chen|first=X|coauthors=Ye, B., Tong, M.|year=2005|title=Metal-organic molecular architectures with 2,2′-bipyridyl-like
  23 KB (3,302 words) - 10:11, 20 September 2010
• Crystallization of polymers
  ...ly by the degree of crystallinity, but also by the size and orientation of the molecular chains. [[File:Polymerketten - amorph und kristallinEN.svg|thumb|The arrangement of molecular chains in amorphous and semicrystalline polymers.]]
  18 KB (2,533 words) - 10:11, 20 September 2010
• Polyethylene
  {{Redirect|Polythene|the Feeder album|Polythene (album)}} [[Image:Polyethylene-3D-vdW.png|thumb|Space-filling model of a '''polyethylene''' chain.]]
  20 KB (2,802 words) - 10:11, 20 September 2010
• Polyethylene glycol
  ...regular single-strand organic polymers|journal=Pure and Applied Chemistry|year=2002|volume=74|issue=10|pages=1921–1956|doi=10.1351/pac200274101921}}</re ...polyoxyethylene (POE)''', depending on its [[molecular weight]], and under the tradename '''Carbowax'''.
  20 KB (2,883 words) - 10:12, 20 September 2010
• Double layer (interfacial)
  ...d [[thermal motion]] rather than being firmly anchored. It is thus called the '''diffuse layer'''. ...solid, there may be another double layer (unmarked on the drawing) inside the solid.]]
  12 KB (1,795 words) - 10:12, 20 September 2010
• Nanofluidic Circuitry
  ...no-scale. Phenomena of fluids in nano-scale structure are discovered to be of different properties in [[electrochemistry]] and [[fluid dynamics]]. ...ailure of moving parts in these systems are usually the critical issue and the main drawback. Mechanism to control flow without using mechanical parts are
  23 KB (3,367 words) - 10:12, 20 September 2010
• Petroleum
  ...s first used in the treatise ''De Natura Fossilium'', published in 1546 by the [[Germany|German]] mineralogist [[Georg Bauer]], also known as Georgius Agr ...es depending on the subsurface conditions, and on the [[phase diagram]] of the petroleum mixture.<ref name="Hyne 2001">Hyne (2001), pp. 1–4.</ref>
  69 KB (9,885 words) - 10:12, 20 September 2010
• Colloid
  ...:Milk.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Milk]] is an [[emulsion|emulsified]] colloid of liquid [[butterfat]] globules dispersed within a [[water]]-based liquid.]] A colloidal system consists of two separate phases: a ''dispersed phase'' (or ''internal phase'') and a ''
  27 KB (3,735 words) - 10:13, 20 September 2010
• Coffea
  {{About|the biology of coffee|the beverage|Coffee}} |image2_caption = Mature fruit of a ''Coffea'' species
  29 KB (4,179 words) - 10:14, 20 September 2010
• Sugar
  :''For the common table sugar, see [[sucrose]].'' [[Image:Sugar 2xmacro.jpg|right|thumb|Magnification of grains of [[sucrose]], the most common sugar.]]
  21 KB (2,875 words) - 10:14, 20 September 2010
• Embalming chemicals
  ...and is used to preserve deceased (dead) individuals, sometimes only until the [[funeral]], other times indefinitely. ...vents. The formaldehyde content generally ranges from 5 to 29 percent and the ethanol content may range from 9 to 56 percent.
  8 KB (1,122 words) - 10:17, 20 September 2010
• Ski wax
  '''Ski wax''' is a material applied to the bottom of [[ski]]s or [[snowboard]]s to help them perform better on snow. == Types of ski wax ==
  20 KB (3,247 words) - 10:17, 20 September 2010
• Jojoba oil
  ...elke, A.R. Kaminski, J.D. Doll, D.H. Putnam, S.M. Combs, and C.V. Hanson | year = 1990 }}</ref> ...he American Oil Chemists' Society 54(5).</ref> The approximate percentages of [[fatty acid]]s in jojoba oil are as follows:
  5 KB (737 words) - 10:17, 20 September 2010
• Kerosene
  ...ican Gas Light Company and the Downer Company (to which Gesner had granted the right) were allowed to call their lamp oil ''kerosene''.<ref>{{Cite book | title = The golden flood: an informal history of America's first oil field
  26 KB (3,820 words) - 10:18, 20 September 2010
• Building material
  {{For|other kinds of building materials|Hardware|Biology|Star formation}} ...uilding materials is an established industry in many countries and the use of these materials is typically segmented into specific specialty trades, such
  18 KB (2,746 words) - 10:22, 20 September 2010
• Cement
  ...binder. The volcanic ash and pulverized brick additives that were added to the burnt lime to obtain a hydraulic binder were later referred to as cementum, ...constantly exposed to wet weather. The chemical reaction that results when the anhydrous cement powder is mixed with water produces hydrates that are not
  30 KB (4,351 words) - 10:23, 20 September 2010
• Padimate O
  ...iquid is an [[ester]] formed by the [[condensation reaction|condensation]] of [[2-Ethylhexanol|2-ethylhexanol]] with [[dimethylaminobenzoic acid]]. Othe ...breaks| journal=Mutation Research| volume=1999| issue=444| pages=49–60| year=1999 |url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10477339}}</ref>
  4 KB (558 words) - 13:11, 20 September 2010
• 4-Bromoaniline
  ...ses Gomberg|M. Gomberg]] and [[Werner Emmanuel Bachmann|W. E. Bachmann]] | year = 1941 | title = p-Bromobiphenyl}}</ref>
  2 KB (183 words) - 13:11, 20 September 2010
• 1,8-Bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene
  ...pages = 723 | doi = 10.1039/C19680000723 | title = The remarkable basicity of 1,8-bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene}}</ref> ...attached on the same side or [[Arene substitution patterns|peri position]] of a [[naphthalene]] system. Proton-sponge has several very interesting proper
  5 KB (644 words) - 13:12, 20 September 2010
• Safranin
  ...nal = J Bone Joint Surg Am. | volume = 53 | issue = 1 | pages = 69–82 | year = 1971 | pmid = 4250366 | doi = | url = http://www.ejbjs.org/cgi/content/ab ...h between the two. Commercial safranin preparations often contain a blend of both types.
  5 KB (638 words) - 13:12, 20 September 2010
• Arsanilic acid
  | ImageName = Chemical structure of arsanilic acid ...mageName1 = Ball-and-stick model of the solid-state zwitterionic structure of arsanilic acid
  5 KB (622 words) - 13:12, 20 September 2010
• Crystal violet
  ....P. | last5=Tainter | first5=M.L. | year=1972 | title= Acute oral toxicity of methylrosaniline chloride | volume=22 | pages=1–5 | doi=10.1016/0041-008X ...en largely superseded by more modern drugs, although it is still listed by the [[World Health Organization]].
  21 KB (3,043 words) - 13:13, 20 September 2010
• Ethidium bromide
  [[Image:Ethidium-bromide-abs.png|thumb|220px|Absorption spectrum of ethidium bromide]] ...be a [[mutagen]], [[carcinogen]] or [[teratogen]] although this depends on the organism and conditions employed.
  15 KB (1,980 words) - 13:13, 20 September 2010
• Malachite green
  ...[[mineral]] [[malachite]] &mdash; the name just comes from the similarity of colour. ...en color of the cation results from an intense ([[extinction coefficient]] of 10⁵ M⁻¹cm⁻¹) absorption band at 621&nb
  11 KB (1,647 words) - 13:13, 20 September 2010
• Ergotamine
  ...r J Clin Pharmacol 1983; 16: 695–9.</ref> (Enhanced by co-administration of caffeine <ref name="kinetics1" />) ...1918 and marketed as Gynergen in 1921. <ref> AJ Giannini, AE Slaby. Drugs of Abuse. Oradell, NJ, Medical Economics Books, 1989.</ref>
  7 KB (986 words) - 13:14, 20 September 2010
• Medetomidine
  ...ed product is a racemic mixture of 2 stereoisomers; [[dexmedetomidine]] is the compound with more useful effects, and is now marketed as Dexdomitor. ...form of medetomidine is distributed by the Swedish company I-Tech AB under the product name '''Selektope''' for use as an antifouling substance in marine
  6 KB (885 words) - 13:14, 20 September 2010
• Ethylene oxide
  {{Redirect|Oxirane|oxiranes as a class of molecules|epoxide}} ...of its special molecular structure, ethylene oxide easily participates in the [[addition reaction]], opening its cycle, and thus easily [[polymerisation|
  82 KB (11,709 words) - 21:31, 20 September 2010
• Carbon monoxide poisoning
  ...-monoxide-3D-vdW.png|Caption=Spacefilling model of a [[carbon monoxide]] [[molecule]]|DiseasesDB=2020|ICD10={{ICD10|T|58||t|51}}|ICD9={{ICD9|986}}|ICDO=|OMIM=| ...eople to detect. Carbon monoxide is a product of [[incomplete combustion]] of organic matter with insufficient [[oxygen]] supply to enable complete oxida
  71 KB (9,723 words) - 21:31, 20 September 2010
• Benzene
  ...ide, ed.|title= "Physical Constants of Organic Compounds", in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Internet Version 2005, <http://www.hbcpnetbase.com>| ...ants, Volume 1|author=A. Kayode Coker, Ernest E. Ludwig|publisher=Elsevier|year=2007|isbn=075067766X}}</ref>
  45 KB (6,444 words) - 21:33, 20 September 2010
• Formaldehyde
  {{About|the chemical compound|the 1993 rock album|Formaldehyde (album)}} ...= International Agency for Research on Cancer | location = Lyon, France | year = 2006 | isbn = 92-832-1288-6}}. {{11thRoC|file=s089form|name=Formaldehyde
  34 KB (4,726 words) - 21:35, 20 September 2010
• Chlorine
  {{About|the chemical element|the bleach|Sodium hypochlorite|the upcoming film|Chlorine (film)}} ...rocarbons]] have been implicated in the [[ozone depletion|destruction]] of the [[ozone layer]].
  36 KB (5,155 words) - 21:35, 20 September 2010
• Lead poisoning
  Caption = An X ray demonstrating the characteristic finding of lead poisoning, dense [[metaphyseal]] lines.| ...[[nervous system|nervous]] systems. It interferes with the development of the nervous system and is therefore particularly toxic to children, causing pot
  90 KB (13,109 words) - 21:36, 20 September 2010
• Crown ether
  ...oms that are [[oxygen]]. Crown ethers are much broader than the oligomers of ethylene oxide; an important group are derived from catechol. ...-5 for sodium cation, and 12-crown-4 for lithium cation. The high affinity of 18-crown-6 for potassium ions contributes towards its toxicity.
  6 KB (864 words) - 20:14, 21 September 2010
• Tetramethylethylenediamine
  | ImageName1 = Ball-and-stick model of the TMEDA molecule ....; Vonwiller, S. C. "N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylenediamine" in Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis (Ed: L. Paquette) 2004, J. Wiley & Sons, New
  4 KB (504 words) - 20:14, 21 September 2010
• Cyclen
  ...len Zinc InorgChem 1997 4579 commons.jpg|thumbnail|150px|Crystal structure of a Zn(II) coordinated to a cyclen and an ethanol reported in Inorg. Chem., 1 ...imine) is always the same. Like crown ethers, cyclen compounds are capable of selectively binding [[cation]]s. They are used as a [[ligand]] in [[chemist
  4 KB (531 words) - 20:15, 21 September 2010
• Triphos
  ...ethane''', also known as triphos, is an [[organophosphorus compound]] with the formula CH₃C[CH₂PPh₂]₃. An air ...= 1490–1494 | doi = 10.1039/JR9620001490 | title = 283. The preparation of di- and tri-tertiary phosphines | author = W. Hewertson and H. R. Watson}}<
  4 KB (589 words) - 20:15, 21 September 2010
• Phosphonate
  [[Image:Phosphonate.png|thumb|right|General ester of phosphonic acid.]] ...ber of phosphonic acid groups. Phosphonates are highly water-soluble while the phosphonic acids are only sparingly soluble. Phosphonates are not volatile
  8 KB (1,135 words) - 20:15, 21 September 2010
• Porphyrin
  [[Image:Porphyrin.svg|thumb|right|200px|Structure of porphine, the simplest porphyrin.]] [[Image:Porphyrin3D.png|thumb|right|200px|Space-filling model of porphyrin]]
  12 KB (1,605 words) - 20:15, 21 September 2010
• Metallacrown
  ...tructural and functional evolution of metallacrowns|journal=[[Chem. Rev.]]|year=2007|volume=107| number=11 | pages=4933|author1=Mezei, G.|author2=Zaleski, ...ge: Mcwiki.png|thumb|300px|left|Figure showing the metallacrown analogy to the organic crown ether. Ligand substituents are omitted for clarity. a) 12-cro
  9 KB (1,186 words) - 20:16, 21 September 2010
• Citric acid
  ...l/solubility/allsolvents.php?solute=citric%20acid%20monohydrate Solubility of citric acid monohydrate in non-aqueous solvents]</ref> ...te in the [[citric acid cycle]] and therefore occurs in the [[metabolism]] of virtually all [[Life|living things]]. It can also be used as an environment
  20 KB (2,855 words) - 20:16, 21 September 2010
• Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
  ...ll and stick model of the EDTA molecule, in the zwitterionic form found in the solid state ...widely used to dissolve [[Limescale|scale]]. Its usefulness arises because of its role as a hexadentate ("six-toothed") [[ligand]] and [[chelating agent]
  21 KB (3,011 words) - 16:51, 27 September 2010
• Partition coefficient
  ...ition = | language = | publisher = Blackwell Science | location = Oxford | year = 1997 | origyear = | pages = | quote = | isbn = 0-86542-684-8 | oclc = | d ...ntially distributed to hydrophobic compartments such as [[lipid bilayers]] of cells while hydrophilic drugs (low partition coefficients) preferentially a
  27 KB (3,780 words) - 20:16, 21 September 2010
• Vapor-liquid equilibrium
  ...h other long enough with no interference or only gradual interference from the outside. ...ertain cases such VLE data can be determined or approximated with the help of certain theories such as [[Raoult's Law]], [[Dalton's Law]], and/or [[Henry
  20 KB (3,239 words) - 20:16, 21 September 2010
• Henry's law
  {{About|one of the gas laws in chemistry|the chemist|William Henry (chemist)|all other uses|Law (disambiguation)}} In [[chemistry]], '''Henry's law''' is one of the [[gas laws]], formulated by [[William Henry (chemist)|William Henry]] in 18
  16 KB (2,475 words) - 20:16, 21 September 2010
• Partial pressure
  ...gas mixture is the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas in the mixture. ...pressure to one of lower pressure; the larger this difference, the faster the flow. Gases dissolve, diffuse, and react according to their partial pressur
  14 KB (2,259 words) - 20:16, 21 September 2010
• Activity coefficient
  ...mally, the [[enthalpy]] of mixing is zero) and, as a result, properties of the mixtures can be expressed directly in terms .... [[Raoult's law]]. Deviations from ideality are accommodated by modifying the concentration by an ''activity coefficient''. Analogously, expressions invo
  9 KB (1,337 words) - 20:16, 21 September 2010
• Stability constants of complexes
  ...the concentration(s) of the complex(es) in solution. There are many areas of application in chemistry, biology and medicine. ...at such a late date, nearly 50 years after [[Alfred Werner]] had proposed the correct structures for [[coordination complexes]], have been summarised by
  50 KB (7,450 words) - 20:16, 21 September 2010
• Solubility equilibrium
  ...with another constituent of the solvent, such as acid or alkali. Each type of equilibrium is characterized by a temperature-dependent [[equilibrium const ...to equilibrium by the addition of a "seed" which may be a tiny crystal of the solute, or a tiny solid particle, which initiates precipitation.
  23 KB (3,592 words) - 20:16, 21 September 2010
• Equilibrium constant
  ...t can be defined by<ref>F.J,C. Rossotti and H. Rossotti, The Determination of Stability Constants, McGraw-Hill, 1961.</ref> ...umerator]] and those of the reactants in the [[denominator]]. A derivation of this expression is given [[#Derivation from Gibbs Free Energy|below]].
  22 KB (3,493 words) - 20:16, 21 September 2010
• Ion-association
  ...tant]] of the [[solvent]]. Ion-associates have been characterized by means of [[vibrational spectroscopy]]. ...ee distinct types of ion-pair, depending on the extent of [[solvation]] of the two ions.
  16 KB (2,366 words) - 20:16, 21 September 2010
• Acid dissociation constant
  ...green) to water in an equilibrium reaction to give the [[acetate]] ion and the [[hydronium]] ion. Red: oxygen, black: carbon, white: hydrogen.]] ...tion (chemistry)|dissociation]] in the context of [[acid-base reactions]]. The equilibrium can be written symbolically as:
  76 KB (11,861 words) - 20:17, 21 September 2010
• Acid–base reaction
  ...D. A., (1991) p166 - Table of discoveries attributes Antoine Lavoisier as the first to posit a scientific theory in relation to [[oxyacid]]s.</ref> === Lavoisier's oxygen theory of acids ===
  29 KB (4,415 words) - 20:17, 21 September 2010
• Self-ionization of water
  ...utodissociation of water''') is the chemical reaction in which two [[water molecule]]s react to produce a [[hydronium]] ion (H₃O⁺) and a ...an example of [[autoprotolysis]], and relies on the [[amphoteric]] nature of water.
  9 KB (1,347 words) - 20:17, 21 September 2010
• Raoult's law
  ...gle.com/books?id=JKMNuwMAmr4C&pg=PA287&lpg=PA287&dq=raoult%27s+law+history+of+discovery&source=bl&ots=FkH_LvtyiA&sig=NLtAO9FyUjkE-LDqh1_wwXzIYJU&hl=en&ei ...[[mole fraction]] of the component present in the solution''.<ref>''A to Z of Thermodynamics'' by Pierre Perrot. ISBN 0198565569</ref>
  11 KB (1,748 words) - 20:17, 21 September 2010

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