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...n, which causes the death of the bacteria by [[lysis|breakdown of the cell membrane]], and clindamycin, which is a powerful inhibitor of [[toxin]] synthesis. B ...he [[Max Planck Society|Max Planck Working Groups for Structural Molecular Biology]], and published in the journal ''[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]''.<ref>{{cite

...h">Erlich, Henry, W Ford Doolittle, Volker Neuhoff, and et al. . Molecular Biology of Rifomycin. New York, NY: MSS Information Corporation, 1973. pp. 44-45, 6 ...''Mycobacterium tuberculosis''. Much of this acid-fast positive bacteria's membrane is [[mycolic acid]] complexed with [[peptidoglycan]], which allows easy mov

It is also used in cellular biology as an inhibitor of the [[lipid raft]]-[[caveolae]] [[Endocytosis|endocytosi ...washing out the intracellular contents, because it forms pores in the cell membrane that are permeable to only [[monovalent]] [[ions]].<ref>{{cite journal |aut

...the discriminative stimulus effects of ketamine in rats |journal=Addiction Biology |volume=6 |issue=4 |pages=373–376 |year=2001 |month=September |pmid=11900 ...by ketamine in cultured neurons causes a hyperpolarizing shift in resting membrane potential and enhances summation of excitatory currents.<ref name="PMID 159

...n for aspirin-like drugs|author = John Robert Vane| journal = Nature - New Biology| year = 1971| volume = 231| issue = 25| pages = 232–5| pmid= 5284360}}</r ...] in cartilaginous (and hepatic) mitochondria, by diffusing from the inner membrane space as a proton carrier back into the mitochondrial matrix, where it ioni

...of an [[amino]] group. That amino group helps the drug penetrate the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. Ampicillin is often used as a selective agent in [[molecular biology]] to select for and to confirm the uptake of [[gene]]s (e.g., of [[plasmid]

...temporarily the response to sound by reducing the mobility of the basilar membrane of the [[cochlea]] and by reducing the transduction that normally results f ...ion of action.<ref name="Sadava06">{{cite book |title=Life, the science of biology |author=Sadava, David E. |author2=Heller, H. Craig |author3=Orians, Gordon

In [[neuron]]s, dopamine is packaged after synthesis into [[Vesicle (biology)|vesicles]], which are then released into the [[synapse]] in response to a ...ea to the frontal lobe of the [[pre-frontal cortex]]. Neurons with [[Soma (biology)|somas]] in the ventral tegmental area project axons into the pre-frontal c

...onosaccharide]]), is an important [[carbohydrate]] in [[biology]]. [[Cell (biology)|Cells]] use it as a source of energy and a metabolic intermediate. Glucose Glucose is a ubiquitous fuel in [[biology]]. It is used as an energy source in most organisms, from bacteria to human

...subsequently integrated into the genetic material of the infected [[cell (biology)|cell]] (where it is called a [[provirus]]).<!-- ...up increases the [[lipophilic]] nature of AZT, allowing it to cross [[cell membrane]]s easily by [[diffusion]] and thereby also to cross the [[blood-brain barr

...olarization (biology)|hyperpolarization]] of the post-[[synapse|synaptic]] membrane, owing to the control exerted over negative [[chloride]] [[ion]]s by GABA<s ...ne and theophylline counteract diazepam effects in man | journal = Medical Biology | volume = 61 | issue = 6 | pages = 337–343 | pmid = 6374311 }}</ref>

'''''Euphorbia''''' is a [[genus]] of [[plant]]s belonging to the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Euphorbiaceae]]. Consisting of about 2160 [[species]], ''Euphor ...m). A physician should be consulted regarding any inflammation of a mucous membrane, especially the eyes, as severe eye damage including possible permanent bli

Behavioral [[adaptation (biology)|adaptation]]s allow endothermic animals to exert some control over a given ...[TLR 5|TLR5]] (activated by flagellin) can redistribute to the basolateral membrane, which is the perfect place where flagellin can be detected.<ref name="Ann

...ugh the action of a monooxygenase.<ref>Zakeri, B. & Wright, G. D. Chemical biology of tetracycline antibiotics. Biochem. Cell Biol. 86, 124-136 (2008).</ref> ...w.chm.bris.ac.uk/motm/tetracycline/tetracycline.htm Chemistry and chemical biology of tetracyclines], retrieved 20 June 2007.</ref> Under [[Yellapragada Subba

...and depend in a complicated way on their primary structures. [[Structural biology]] is the study of the structural properties of the biopolymers. ...ominent approaches is that in which the drug is contained within a polymer membrane or is otherwise encapsulated in a polymer matrix and where the drug diffuse

...s= Nothnagel EA, Bacic A, Clarke AE|year=2000|title=Cell and developmental biology of arabinogalactan-proteins|publisher=Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers|id= ...f arabinogalactan is covalently attached to the mycolic acids of the outer membrane. The hydrophobicity of mycolic acids is a barrier to drug entry. Additional

...o the cell surface of the bacteria, followed by a stripping of the [[outer membrane]]. This eventually leads to the abnormal distribution of the [[cytoplasm]] ==Biology and health effects==

...eir own dimension. The smaller the size of the pore of the ultrafiltration membrane, the lower the concentration of the dispersed colloidal particules remainin ==Colloids in biology==

...38.2|C|F}}, for rectal it is {{convert|34.4|–|37.8|C|F}}, for [[tympanic membrane]] it is {{convert|35.4|–|37.8|C|F}}, and for axillary it is {{convert|35. ...une 7, 2006 [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Febricula http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Febricula]</ref> is a mild fever of short duration, o

...ve occurred. The strong oxidative effect leads to necrosis of the [[mucous membrane]]. For example, the [[esophagus]] is affected if the permanganate is swallo [[Category:Biology and pharmacology of chemical elements]]

...al]], legal and environmental applications, to fields such as engineering, biology, chemistry, computing, materials science, military applications, and commun *'''Health issues''' - the effects of nanomaterials on human biology

...ynthetic mineral fibre and ceramic mineral fibre dust in air. This is the Membrane Filter Method (MFM) and requires the collection of the dust on a grided fil **Basic Sciences (Biology, Chemistry, Mathematics (Statistics), Physics);

...07-946"/> Lead also interferes with the normal metabolism of [[calcium in biology|calcium in cells]] and causes it to build up within them.<ref name="Chisolm ...nges occur in volume of sperm, their [[motility]], and their [[Morphology (biology)|morphology]].<ref name="Grant09-792">[[#CITEREFGrant09|Grant (2009)]] pp.

| title = Human Biology and Health ...z MF | title = Structure of haemoglobin | journal = Brookhaven symposia in biology | volume = 13 | issue = | pages = 165–83 | year = 1960 | month = November

...dial pterygoid nerve]] from [[mandibular nerve]] || tensing the [[tympanic membrane]] || ...ar artery]] || [[thoracodorsal nerve]] || pulls the [[forelimb]] [[dorsum (biology)|dorsally]] and [[Anatomical terms of location|caudally]] || [[Deltoid musc

...le.<ref name="Paus">{{cite journal |author=Paus R, Cotsarelis G |title=The biology of hair follicles |journal=N Engl J Med |volume=341 |issue=7 |pages=491–7 ...mith |editor-first=Lowell A |title=Physiology, biochemistry, and molecular biology of the skin |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York |edition=

...ar artery]] || [[thoracodorsal nerve]] || pulls the [[forelimb]] [[dorsum (biology)|dorsally]] and [[Anatomical terms of location|caudally]] || [[Deltoid musc ...{dn|Volar|volar}} surface of the [[radius]] and the adjacent [[interosseus membrane]]. (Also occasionally a small origin slightly on the [[medial epicondyle of

...s layer functions to mechanically transport fluid and since the [[basement membrane]] on which it rests is discontinuous; it leaks easily.<ref name=pepper>{{ci | journal= The Journal of Cell Biology| volume = 163 | issue =2 | pages = 209–213| doi = 10.1083/jcb.200308082

...molecules wait to capture [[phosphate]] and transport it into the [[Cell (biology)|cell]]. The phosphate may occur as inorganic orthophosphate particles or b ...found as a free element in nature. [[Phosphate]]s are found pervasively in biology. Phosphate is a component of [[DNA]] and [[RNA]] and an essential element f

...ive '''fascial'''; from [[latin]]: "band") is a layer of fibrous [[Tissue (biology)|tissue]]<ref>{{DorlandsDict|three/000038763|fascia}}</ref> that permeates ...their cavities and wraps them in layers of connective tissue [[Biological membrane|membranes]].

...Extracellular Matrix.png|thumb|right|350px|Illustration depicting basement membrane in relation to [[epithelium]] and [[endothelium]]. Also seen are other [[ex The '''basement membrane''' is a thin sheet of [[fiber]]s that underlies the [[epithelium]], which l

...ty: The Immune Response to Infectious and Inflammatory Disease (Primers in Biology) |publisher=Oxford University Press, USA |location= |year=2007 |pages=16, 5 ...infiltrates. Therefore, the development of bona fide HEVs in the synovial membrane of patients with rheumatoid arthritis is likely to facilitate large-scale i

...aste]] [[chemical]] substances between [[blood]] and surrounding [[tissue (biology)|tissue]]s.<ref>{{cite book | title = Human Biology and Health

...ific interaction with cell membranes, instead of interacting with specific membrane-bound [[Receptor (biochemistry)|receptor]]s. The discovery of the first can ...They are not stored in vesicles, and exist as integral constituents of the membrane bilayers that make up cells. They are believed to be synthesized 'on-demand

..."Expanding Use of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapies." Electromagnetic Biology & Medicine 26.3 (2007): 257-274. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 10 J

...h as synaptotagmin and synaptobrevin interact to fuse the vesicle into the membrane. Phosphorylation also has its own set of proteins involved that work toget ...duced budding of vesicle containing neurotransmitters from the presynaptic membrane. By studying the intracellular mechanisms involved in neural apoptosis aft

'''Amyloid precursor protein''' (APP) is an [[integral membrane protein]] expressed in many [[biological tissue|tissues]] and concentrated ...= | issn = }}</ref> The amyloid beta region of the protein, located in the membrane-spanning domain, is not well conserved across species and has no obvious co

...ell structures such as components of the [[cytoskeleton]], [[cell membrane|membrane]], and DNA. ...therapeutic target against neuronal dysfunction and death? ''Free Radical Biology and Medicine''. 2005. 38(6): 687-697. PMID 15721979. Retrieved on January

...but also affects the activity of K_Ca2.3 channels on the [[cell membrane]]. In [[GABA]]ergic [[POA neurons]], estrogen enhanced the ability of [[alp ...[[hyperpolarization (biology)|hyperpolarisation]] of the endothelial cell membrane potential, which is then carried to nearby smooth muscle through gap juncti

[[Category:Membrane biology]]

....<ref name="Campbell">{{cite book|author=Reece, Jane; Campbell, Neil|title=Biology|publisher=Benjamin Cummings|location=San Francisco|year=2002|pages=|isbn=0- ...Some chemical messengers, such as testosterone, can pass through the cell membrane, and bind directly to receptors in the cytoplasm or nucleus.

...f selectivity filter, '''5''' - [[phosphorylation]] site, '''6''' - [[cell membrane]].]] ...y are present in the [[cell membrane|membrane]]s that surround all [[cell (biology)|biological cell]]s. The study of ion channels involves many scientific tec

...]s (which open and close depending on mechanical deformation of the [[cell membrane]]).<ref name="Purves" /><ref name="pmid15157178">{{cite journal | author = ...gand (biochemistry)|ligands]], by [[channel blockers]], [[ion]]s, or the [[membrane potential]].

...he mechanism cells use to remove calcium (Ca²⁺)—in the [[cell membrane]] of [[Chemical synapse|synapses]].<ref name=Franks1995>{{Cite journal|last ...specific interactions between the anesthetic and the [[Lipid bilayer|lipid membrane]].<ref name=Heimburg2007>{{Cite journal|last=Heimburg|first=T|coauthors=Jac

...anesthesia]], topical application of [[local anesthetic]]s to the [[Mucous membrane|mucosa]], rectal anesthesia, or [[Intravenous therapy|intravenous]] anesthe ...nd opium known in the ancient Near East?|journal=Journal of the History of Biology|volume=8|issue=1|pages=96–114|year=1975|pmid=11609871|url=http://www.spri