2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene

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2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene
File:1-Chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene.png
style="background: #F8EABA; text-align: center;" colspan="2" | Identifiers
Abbreviations CDNB; DNCB
CAS number 97-00-7
PubChem 6
ChemSpider 5
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style="background: #F8EABA; text-align: center;" colspan="2" | Properties
Molecular formula C6H3ClN2O4
Molar mass 202.55 g mol−1
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) is a benzene derivative. It is an electrophilic, cytotoxic compound that is used in biochemical research involving glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs).

Uses

DNCB induces a type IV hypersensitivity reaction in almost all people exposed to it, so it is used medically to assess the T cell activity in patients. This is a useful diagnostic test for immunocompromised patients. It can also be used to treat warts.[1]

DNCB is used as a substrate in GST enzyme activity assays.[2] The molecule is conjugated to a single molecule of reduced glutathione which then fluoresces at 340 nm. Affinity of CDNB for each class of GST varies and so it is not a good measure of activity for some forms (e.g. GST-T).[citation needed]

Safety

DNCB can cause contact dermatitis.[3]

References

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  1. "Treating warts". Harvard Medical School. Retrieved April 2, 2010. 
  2. Habig WH, Pabst MJ, Jakoby WB (1974). "Glutathione S-transferases. The first enzymatic step in mercapturic acid formation". J Biol Chem. 249 (22): 7130–7139. PMID 4436300. 
  3. White SI, Friedmann PS, Moss C, Simpson JM (1986). "The effect of altering area of application and dose per unit area on sensitization by DNCB". Br. J. Dermatol. 115 (6): 663–8. PMID 3801307.