Body Volume Index
The Body Volume Index (BVI) has been proposed as an alternative to the Body Mass Index (BMI).
Whereas BMI is based on a measurement of total mass, irrespective of the location of the mass, BVI looks at the relationship between mass and volume distribution (i.e. where the body mass is located). Recent studies have highlighted the limitations of BMI as an indicator of individual health risk.[1][2]
BVI as an application for body shape and obesity measurement
The Body Volume Index (BVI) was devised in 2000 as a computer-based measurement of the human body for obesity and an alternative to the Body Mass Index (BMI). BVI automatically measures BMI, waist circumference and waist-hip ratio.
BVI is an application that can be used on a 3D Full Body Scanner to determine individual health risk, whether the scanning hardware uses visible light optical information or otherwise. BVI can differentiate between people who have the same BMI rating, but who have a different shape and different weight distribution.Whereas the BMI of a person is measured manually by total weight and height, BVI is calculated by using 3D full body data to determine volume or weight distribution. BVI measures where the weight and the fat are located on the body, rather than the total weight or total fat content. There has been an acceptance in recent years that abdominal fat and weight around the abdomen constitute a greater health risk, [4] commonly known as central obesity. A full body surface scanner determines the three-dimensional outline of a person's exterior surface, so that computation can be used to calculate the part volumes and the part body composition of that person. BVI makes an inference as to the body's distribution of fat and weight using complex and detailed Body Composition data.[5]
Most 3D scanners suitable for BVI require that the subject is scanned for a series of images under varying lighting conditions (various projected patterns), to determine body shape and weight distribution data for individual patient and statistical analysis.
BVI was conceived as a potential replacement for BMI at the turn of the millennium and after preliminary development, the initial validation was undertaken by Heartlands Hospital, an NHS Obesity Centre in the UK. This was followed by clinical testing in the US by Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota.[6]
An initial pilot study [7] highlighted the potential of BVI as a motivational tool for reducing weight loss in patients and as part of the Body Benchmark Study [2], a recent further study aimed to assess the validity and reproducibility of the BVI scanner in measuring anthropometric markers of obesity.
Comparative validation of the reliability of automatic measurement as opposed to manual measurement concluded that the scanner is a reliable, valid and reproducible method to measure waist and hip circumferences.[8]
See also
- Body composition
- Body fat percentage
- Body Mass Index
- Body shape
- Body weight
- Central obesity
- Obesity
- Overweight
- Childhood obesity
References
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<references />, or <references group="..." />- ↑ A. Romero-Corral, V. K. Somers, J. Sierra-Johnson, R. J. Thomas, M. L. Collazo-Clavell, J. Korinek, T. G. Allison, J. A. Batsis, F. H. Sert-Kuniyoshi & F. Lopez-Jimenez (June 2008). "Accuracy of body mass index in diagnosing obesity in the adult general population". International Journal of Obesity 32 (6): 959–956. doi:10.1038/ijo.2008.11. PMID 18283284.
- ↑ "Association of bodyweight with total mortality and with cardiovascular events in coronary artery disease: a systematic review of cohort studies.". Lancet (2006-08-19;368(9536):666-78). Retrieved on 2008-09-08
- ↑ Barnes, R. Rahim, A (Autumn 2009)"The Body Volume Index: New Imaging Technology for Body measurement." Hospital Imaging & Radiology Europe Autumn 2009 Vol 4. Retrieved on 2010-29-02
- ↑ Craver, R.(10 September 2008) "Location, not volume, of fat found to be key" www.journalnow.com. Retrieved on 2008-10-09
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Citation/CS1/Suggestions' not found.
- ↑ Romero-Corral, A. Somers, V. Lopez-Jimenez, F. Korenfeld, Y. Palin, S. Boelaert, K. Boarin, S. Sierra-Johnson, J. Rahim, A. (2008) 3-D Body Scanner, Body Volume Index: A Novel, Reproducible and Automated Anthropometric Tool Associated with Cardiometabolic Biomarkers Obesity A Research Journal 16 (1) 266-P
- ↑ Kristien Boelaert, Suzanne Palin, Annmarie Field, Asad Rahim, Richard Barnes http://www.endocrine-abstracts.org/ea/0015/ea0015p125.htm
- ↑ Korenfeld, Y. Ngwa, T. Friedman, L. Romero-Corral, A. Somers, V.Xu, L. Albuquerque, F. Sert-Kuniyoshi,F. Ockay, A. Lopez-Jimenez, F. (March 2009) Validation of a Novel 3D Body Scanner for Obesity Anthropometric Measurements AHA
