Colchicum autumnale

Colchicum autumnale
File:Illustration Colchicum autumnale0.jpg
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Monocots
Order:	Liliales
Family:	Colchicaceae
Genus:	Colchicum
Species:	C. autumnale
Binomial name
Colchicum autumnale L.

Colchicum autumnale, commonly known as autumn crocus, meadow saffron or naked lady, is a flower which resembles the true crocuses, but flowering in autumn. (This is not a reliable distinction, however, since there are many true crocuses that flower in autumn.) The name "naked lady" comes from the fact that the flowers emerge from the ground long after the leaves have died back.

Toxicity for medicinal uses

The plant has been mistaken by foragers for ramsons, which it vaguely resembles, but is a deadly poison due to the presence of colchicine, a useful drug with a narrow therapeutic index. The symptoms of colchicine poisoning resemble those of arsenic and there is no antidote. Despite its toxicity, colchicine is approved by the US FDA for the treatment of gout and Familial Mediterranean Fever and is also used in plant breeding to produce polyploid strains.

Danger of extinction

On January 18, 2008, the Botanic Gardens Conservation International (representing botanic gardens in 120 countries) stated that "400 medicinal plants are at risk of extinction, from over-collection and deforestation, threatening the discovery of future cures for disease". These included yew trees (the bark is used for cancer drugs, paclitaxel); Hoodia (from Namibia, source of weight loss drugs); half of Magnolia species (used as Chinese medicine for 5,000 years to fight cancer, dementia and heart disease); and autumn crocus (for gout). The group also found that 5 billion people benefit from traditional plant-based medicine for health care.

Gallery

• Colchicum autumnale 01.JPG

  Flowers surrounded by other plants

• Colchicum autumnale Luc Viatour.jpg

  Two flowers

• Colchicum autumnale 050505.jpg

  Seed capsules

• Colchicum autumnale00.jpg

  Colchicum autumnale by Auguste Faguet

• Colchicum autumnale 2.JPG

  After the rain

External links

• Case report: fatal poisoning with Colchicum autumnale
• William Boericke. "Colchicum autumnale". Homœopathic Materia Medica. 

bg:Обикновен мразовец ca:Còlquic cs:Ocún jesenní da:Høst-Tidløs de:Herbst-Zeitlose es:Colchicum autumnale fr:Colchique d'automne fy:Wylde hjerststyleas hsb:Nazymska pózdnička it:Colchicum autumnale lt:Rudeninis vėlyvis hu:Őszi kikerics nl:Herfsttijloos nds-nl:Nakend wiefjen ja:イヌサフラン nn:Tidløyse pl:Zimowit jesienny ksh:Kokokköl ro:Brândușă de toamnă ru:Безвременник осенний fi:Syysmyrkkylilja sv:Tidlösa uk:Пізньоцвіт осінній vi:Bả chó (cây) wa:Coltchike

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