Desquamation
|
A peeling skin. | |
| ICD-10 | R23.4 |
|---|---|
Desquamation is the shedding of the outermost membrane or layer of a tissue, such as the skin. The word comes from the Latin desquamare, meaning "to scrape the scales off a fish".
Contents
Skin
Normal, nonpathologic desquamation of the skin occurs when corneocytes, after moving apically over about 14 days, are individually shed unnoticeably.[1]:279 In pathologic desquamation, such as that seen in X-linked ichthyosis, the stratum corneum becomes thicker (hyperkeratosis), imparting a "dry" or scaly appearance to the skin, and instead of detaching as single cells, corneocytes are shed in clusters, forming visible scales.[1]:279
Desquamation of the epidermis may result from disease or injury of the skin. For example, once the rash of measles fades, there is desquamation. Skin peeling typically follows healing of a first degree burn or sunburn. Toxic shock syndrome, a potentially fatal immune system reaction to a bacterial infection, causes severe desquamation. Other serious skin diseases involving extreme desquamation include Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN).[2]
Eyes
Eye tissues including the conjunctiva and cornea may undergo pathological desquamation in diseases such as dry eye syndrome.[3] The anatomy of the human eye makes desquamation of the lens impossible.[4]
See also
- Pityriasis — flaking of the skin
- Sunburn
- For technical terms, when desquamation refers to a process affecting materials (metals, concrete, rocks, etc.), see also:
- Spall, or spalling
- Spallation
References
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fr:Desquamation it:Desquamazione ms:Pendeskuamaan ru:Десквамация
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- ↑ Parillo, Steven J; Parillo, Catherine V. "Stevens-Johnson Syndrome". eMedicine. Medcape date= 2010-05-25. Retrieved 2010-09-06.
- ↑ Gilbard, Jeffrey P., M.D. accessdate= 2010-09-06 (2003). "Dry Eye: Natural History, Diagnosis and Treatment". Wolters Kluwer Pharma Solutions.
- ↑ Lynnerup N, Kjeldsen H, Heegaard S, Jacobsen C, Heinemeier J (2008). "Radiocarbon Dating of the Human Eye Lens Crystallines Reveal Proteins without Carbon Turnover throughout Life". PLoS ONE. 3 (1): e1529. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001529. PMC 2211393 Freely accessible. PMID 18231610. Retrieved 2010-09-06.
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