List of criminal enterprises, gangs and syndicates

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This is a listing of criminal groups and associations, the primary purpose of which is to generate income through illegal means. It does not cover groups that primarily engage in such activity for funding political and/or military objectives (such as terrorist organizations), or groups which have been accused (or have had members accused) of such activity but are not inherently criminal in their nature (such as motorcycle clubs or Chinese-American Tongs).

Drug cartels

In several drug-producing or transit countries, drug traffickers have taken advantage of local corruption and lack of law enforcement to establish cartels turning in millions if not billions of dollars each year. Sometimes if government enforcement is particularly poor, the cartels become quasi-paramilitary organizations.

Latin American drug cartels

Asian drug cartels

Italian organized crime

Organized crime in Italy, especially the south, has existed for hundreds of years and has given rise to a number of notorious organizations with thier own traditions and subculture which have managed to infiltrate almost every part of Italian society [11]. The Italian mafia is often thought of as being the archtype for organized crime worldwide.

American Mafia

Italian immigrants to the United States in the early 20th century formed various small-time gangs which gradually evolved into sophisticated crime syndicates which dominated organized crime in America for several decades. Although government crackdowns and a less-tightly knit Italian-American community have largely reduced their power, they remain an active force in the underworld.

Active crime families

Defunct mafia families

Canadian mafia families

Irish mob

Non-Italian, American crime syndicates

Russian mafiya

Although organized crime existed in the Soviet era, the gangs really gained in power and international reach during the transition to capitalism. The term Russian mafia, 'mafiya' or mob is a blanket (and somewhat inaccurate) term for the various organized crime groups that emerged in this period from the 15 former republics of the USSR and unlike their Italian counterparts does not mean members are necessarily of Russian ethnicity or uphold any ancient criminal traditions, although this is the case for some members.

Balkan organized crime

Balkan organized crime gained prominence in the chaos following the communist era, notably the transition to capitalism and the wars in former Yugoslavia.

British crime 'firms'

Other European crime syndicates

Other crime syndicates

Yakuza organizations

The yakuza of Japan are similar to the Italian mafias in they originated centuries ago and follow a rigid set of traditions, but have several aspects that make them highly unique, such as their full-body tattoos and their fairly open place in Japanese society. Many yakuza groups are umbrella organizations, smaller gangs reporting to a larger crime syndicate.

Triads and other Chinese gangs

Middle Eastern organized crime

Other Asian organized crime

Cybercrime networks

As society enters the Information Age, certain individuals take advantage of easy flow of information over the Internet to commit online fraud or similar activities. Often the hackers will form a network to better facilitate their activities. On occasion the hackers will be a part of a criminal gang involved in more 'blue collar crime', but this is unusual.

Drug & smuggling rings

Prison gangs

American

Other

American street gangs

African-American

Hispanic

Historical

Other

Non-American street gangs

Miscellaneous

Historical

See also

References

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  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.31 1.32 1.33 1.34 1.35 1.36 1.37 1.38 1.39 1.40 1.41 1.42 1.43 1.44 1.45 1.46 1.47 1.48 1.49 1.50 1.51 1.52 1.53 1.54 1.55 1.56 1.57 1.58 1.59 1.60 1.61 1.62 1.63 1.64 1.65 1.66 1.67 1.68 1.69 1.70 1.71 1.72 1.73 1.74 1.75 1.76 1.77 Shanty, Frank & Mishra, Patit (2007) Organized crime : from trafficking to terrorism , ABC-CLIO, ISBN 1576073378
  2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.21 2.22 2.23 2.24 2.25 2.26 2.27 2.28 2.29 2.30 2.31 2.32 Glenny, Misha (2009) McMafia , Vintage Books, ISBN 1400095123
  3. ↑ 3.000 3.001 3.002 3.003 3.004 3.005 3.006 3.007 3.008 3.009 3.010 3.011 3.012 3.013 3.014 3.015 3.016 3.017 3.018 3.019 3.020 3.021 3.022 3.023 3.024 3.025 3.026 3.027 3.028 3.029 3.030 3.031 3.032 3.033 3.034 3.035 3.036 3.037 3.038 3.039 3.040 3.041 3.042 3.043 3.044 3.045 3.046 3.047 3.048 3.049 3.050 3.051 3.052 3.053 3.054 3.055 3.056 3.057 3.058 3.059 3.060 3.061 3.062 3.063 3.064 3.065 3.066 3.067 3.068 3.069 3.070 3.071 3.072 3.073 3.074 3.075 3.076 3.077 3.078 3.079 3.080 3.081 3.082 3.083 3.084 3.085 3.086 3.087 3.088 3.089 3.090 3.091 3.092 3.093 3.094 3.095 3.096 3.097 3.098 3.099 3.100 3.101 3.102 3.103 3.104 3.105 3.106 Newton, Michael (2007) Gangsters Encyclopedia, Anova Books, ISBN 1843404028
  4. ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 DEA History Book, Part 1
  5. ↑ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 5.17 5.18 5.19 Chepesiuk, Ron (1999) The war on drugs: an international encyclopedia, ABC-CLIO, ISBN 0874369851
  6. ↑ BBC News - New armed drug-trafficking groups menace Colombia
  7. ↑ 7.00 7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04 7.05 7.06 7.07 7.08 7.09 7.10 7.11 7.12 STRATFOR Mexico: The Struggle for Balance
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Reuters - From spas to banks, Mexico economy rides on drugs
  9. ↑ Diario Libre - Supreme Court orders arrests of three
  10. ↑ TIME Magazine - Warlord or Druglord?
  11. ↑ 11.00 11.01 11.02 11.03 11.04 11.05 11.06 11.07 11.08 11.09 11.10 11.11 11.12 11.13 11.14 11.15 11.16 11.17 11.18 11.19 11.20 11.21 11.22 Roberto Saviano (2006) Gomorrah: Italy's Other Mafia, Mondadori, ISBN 8804554509.
  12. ↑ 12.00 12.01 12.02 12.03 12.04 12.05 12.06 12.07 12.08 12.09 12.10 12.11 12.12 12.13 12.14 12.15 12.16 12.17 12.18 12.19 12.20 12.21 12.22 12.23 12.24 12.25 12.26 12.27 12.28 12.29 12.30 12.31 12.32 12.33 12.34 12.35 Capeci, Jerry (2002) The complete idiot's guide to the Mafia, Alpha Books, ISBN 0028642252
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 NZ Herald - Aussie gang boss' death points to inside job
  14. ↑ 14.00 14.01 14.02 14.03 14.04 14.05 14.06 14.07 14.08 14.09 14.10 14.11 14.12 14.13 14.14 New Jersey Commission of Investigation Report - Changing face of organized crime
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.5 15.6 15.7 15.8 15.9 Chepesiuk, Ron (2007) Gangsters of Harlem: the gritty underworld of New York City's most famous neighborhood, Barricade Books, ISBN 1569803188
  16. ↑ 16.00 16.01 16.02 16.03 16.04 16.05 16.06 16.07 16.08 16.09 16.10 16.11 16.12 16.13 16.14 16.15 Sifakis, Carl. The Mafia Encyclopedia. New York: Da Capo Press, 2005. ISBN 978-0-8160-5694-1
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 17.5 17.6 17.7 English, T.J. Paddy Whacked: The Untold Story of the Irish American Gangster. New York: HarperCollins, 2005, ISBN 006059002-5
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 18.5 18.6 18.7 18.8 18.9 Rockaway, Robert A (2000) But he was good to his mother: the lives and crimes of Jewish gangsters, Gefen Publishing House Ltd, ISBN 9652292494
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.3 19.4 New Jersey Commission of Investigation Report - Afro-lineal organized crime
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 20.3 20.4 20.5 20.6 American Gangster, BET
  21. ↑ DEA - News Release: DEA Deals Motor City Mafia a Knock-out Blow
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 LA Times - In Too Deep
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 FBI - Gang sucess stories
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 24.2 24.3 24.4 24.5 24.6 So who are the Russian mafia?
  25. ↑ Российская Газета - Лидеру "ореховской" группировки Сергею Буторину продлили арест до мая (Russian)
  26. ↑ Gazeta.ru - Лорд Ленин исчез (Russian)
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 27.2 27.3 NY Times - Soviet Emigre Mob Outgrows Brooklyn, and Fear Spreads
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 28.2 The New York Times - In a River Raid, a glimpse of Russia's criminal elite
  29. ↑ NY Times - Lithuanians Close A Nuclear Reactor After 3 Threats
  30. ↑ FBI - Cases - Not your average syndicate
  31. ↑ Aftenposten - Princ Dobroshi satt fri (Norwegian)
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 32.2 32.3 Dagens Nyheter - Ligorna har kopplat greppet om Sverige (Swedish)
  33. ↑ BBC News - 'Pink Panther' Tokyo heist suspect extradited to Japan
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 34.2 34.3 34.4 The Independent- Gun gangs of the capital
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 35.2 35.3 35.4 35.5 35.6 35.7 Thomas, Donald (2006) Villains' paradise: a history of Britain's underworld, Pegasus Books, ISBN 1933648171
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 36.2 Gayraud, Jean-Francois (2009) Showbiz, people et corruption, Odile Jacob, ISBN 2738122329
  37. ↑ BBC News - 'Malign and corrosive' gangsters
  38. ↑ 38.0 38.1 Small, Clive & Gilling, Tom (2010) Smack Express: How Organized Crime Got Hooked on Drugs, Allen & Unwin, ISBN 1742372082
  39. ↑ 39.00 39.01 39.02 39.03 39.04 39.05 39.06 39.07 39.08 39.09 39.10 39.11 39.12 39.13 39.14 39.15 39.16 39.17 39.18 39.19 39.20 39.21 39.22 39.23 39.24 39.25 39.26 39.27 39.28 39.29 Kaplan, David E. & Dubro, Alec (2003) Yakuza: Japan's criminal underworld, University of California Press, ISBN 0520215621
  40. ↑ 40.00 40.01 40.02 40.03 40.04 40.05 40.06 40.07 40.08 40.09 40.10 40.11 40.12 40.13 40.14 40.15 Library of Congress- Transnational activities of Chinese crime organizations
  41. ↑ The Times - 'Godmother' of Chinese gangsters, Xie Caiping, jailed for 18 years
  42. ↑ 42.00 42.01 42.02 42.03 42.04 42.05 42.06 42.07 42.08 42.09 42.10 42.11 42.12 42.13 42.14 42.15 42.16 42.17 42.18 42.19 42.20 42.21 42.22 42.23 42.24 42.25 42.26 42.27 42.28 Kinnear, Karen L (2009) Gangs: a reference handbook, ABC-CLIO, ISBN 1598841254
  43. ↑ 43.00 43.01 43.02 43.03 43.04 43.05 43.06 43.07 43.08 43.09 43.10 43.11 43.12 43.13 43.14 43.15 43.16 43.17 43.18 43.19 43.20 43.21 43.22 43.23 43.24 43.25 43.26 43.27 43.28 Gangland, Discovery Channel
  44. ↑ 44.0 44.1 44.2 BBC News - Keeping tabs on the Turkish connection
  45. ↑ 45.0 45.1 45.2 Freedom From Fear Magazine - The State of Cybercrimes
  46. ↑ 46.0 46.1 The Observer - Four million Britons have fallen victim to identity fraud. Are you next?
  47. ↑ 47.0 47.1 Tru-tv Crime Library - "The Company" Drug Smuggling Ring
  48. ↑ 48.0 48.1 48.2 48.3 48.4 48.5 National Gang Threat Assesement 2009 - Appendix C - Prison gangs
  49. ↑ 49.00 49.01 49.02 49.03 49.04 49.05 49.06 49.07 49.08 49.09 49.10 Will County Sheriff's Office - Gang Supression Unit
  50. ↑ 50.0 50.1 50.2 Kemp, Ross (2008) Gangs, Penguin, ISBN 9780141032252
  51. ↑ 51.0 51.1 51.2 51.3 51.4 51.5 51.6 51.7 LAPD Online - Gang Injunctions
  52. ↑ 52.00 52.01 52.02 52.03 52.04 52.05 52.06 52.07 52.08 52.09 52.10 52.11 52.12 52.13 52.14 52.15 52.16 52.17 52.18 52.19 52.20 52.21 52.22 52.23 52.24 52.25 52.26 52.27 52.28 52.29 52.30 Asbury, Herbert The Gangs of New York. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1927, ISBN 1560252758
  53. ↑ 53.0 53.1 53.2 Vancouver Sun - Killer to testify at Surrey Six trial
  54. ↑ 54.0 54.1 54.2 Scotland on Sunday - Hitting violent street gangs where it hurts
  55. ↑ 55.0 55.1 The Copenhagen Post - Prisons under pressure to evenly distribute gangs
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