Polyvinyl acetate

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Polyvinyl acetate
Polyvinyl acetate
IUPAC name
butan-2-yl acetate
Other names
PVAc, PVA
style="background: #F8EABA; text-align: center;" colspan="2" | Identifiers
CAS number 9003-20-7 YesY
PubChem 7758
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style="background: #F8EABA; text-align: center;" colspan="2" | Properties
Molecular formula (C4H6O2)n
Molar mass 86.09 g/mol
style="background: #F8EABA; text-align: center;" colspan="2" | Hazards
MSDS MSDS
 YesY (what is this?)  (verify)
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Polyvinyl acetate (PVA or PVAc), also known as poly(ethenyl ethanoate), "wood glue," "white glue," "carpenter's glue," "school glue," and "PVA glue," is a rubbery synthetic polymer with the formula (C4H6O2)n. It belongs to the polyvinyl esters family with the general formula -[RCOOCHCH2]-. It is a type of thermoplastic.[1]

It should not be confused with the related polymer polyvinyl alcohol, which is called PVA as well (PVAc could be considered a technically correct abbreviation for polyvinyl acetate and would aid in avoiding such confusion).

Preparation

Polyvinyl acetate is prepared by polymerization of vinyl acetate monomer.

Discovery

Polyvinyl acetate was discovered in Germany in 1912 by Dr. Fritz Klatte.[2] On an industrial scale, vinyl acetate is produced from ethyne, acetic acid and a mercury(I) salt.[3][verification needed]

Properties

The degree of polymerization of polyvinyl acetate typically is 100 to 5000. The ester groups of the polyvinyl acetate are sensitive for alkali and will slowly convert PVAc into polyvinyl alcohol and acetic acid.

Under alkaline conditions, boron compounds, such as boric acid or borax causes the polymer to cross-link forming tackifying precipitates or slime.

Applications and uses

As an emulsion in water, PVAc emulsions are used as adhesives for porous materials, particularly for wood, paper, and cloth, and as a consolidant for porous building stone, in particular sandstone.[4] Uses:

  • as wood glue PVAc is known as "white glue" and the yellow "carpenter's glue" or PVA glue.
  • in paper converting as fast binding adhesive
  • in bookbinding and book arts due to its flexible strong bond and non-acidic nature (unlike many other polymers).
  • for handcrafted works.
  • as a solvent to clean off dried PVA glue and many emulsion based paints.

To a lesser extent PVAc-emulsions are used in paper coatings, paint and other industrial coatings. PVA can also be used as coating to protect cheese from fungi and humidity[citation needed].

Polyvinyl acetate is also the raw material to make other polymers like:

See also

References

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cs:Polyvinylacetát

de:Polyvinylacetat et:Polüvinüülatsetaat es:Acetato de polivinilo fr:Polyacétate de vinyle id:Polivinil asetat it:Colla vinilica lt:Polivinilo acetatas ms:Polivinil asetat nl:Polyvinylacetaat ja:ポリ酢酸ビニル pl:Poli(octan winylu) pt:Acetato de polivinila ru:Поливинилацетат sv:Polyvinylacetat

zh:聚醋酸乙烯酯
  1. ↑ Murray, G. T. (1997), Handbook of materials selection for engineering applications, CRC Press, p. 242, ISBN 9780824799106. 
  2. ↑ See:
    (1) Deutsche Reichs Patent no. 281687 (4 July 1913), an abstract of which appears in the Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry (London), vol. 34, page 623 (1915);
    (2) Deutsche Reichs Patent no. 281688 (2 April 1914);
    (3) British patent no. 15271 (25 June 1914.);
    (4) Fritz Klatte and Adolf Rollett, "Plastic composition and process of producing it," U.S. Patent 1,241,738 (filed: July 3, 1914; issued: Oct. 2, 1917), an abstract of which appears in the Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry (London), vol. 36, page 1185 (1917).
  3. ↑ Rutherford John Gettens and George Leslie Stout, Painting Materials: A Short Encyclopaedia (Princeton, New Jersey: D. Van Nostrand, 1942),page 74.
  4. ↑ Young, M.E., M. Murray and P. Cordiner (1999). "Stone consolidants and chemical treatments in Scotland". Robert Gordon University, Building Research Establishment and Historic Scotland. Retrieved 2009-07-30. 
  5. ↑ H. Staudinger, K. Frey, W. Stark, Ber. Deut. Chem. Ges. 1927, 60, 1782.
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