Rose bengal
| Rose bengal | |
|---|---|
| File:Rosebengalskeletal.png | |
| 4,5,6,7-Tetrachloro-3',6'-dihydroxy-2',4',5',7'-tetraiodo-3H- spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9'-xanthen]-3-one | |
| Other names C.I. 45440 | |
| style="background: #F8EABA; text-align: center;" colspan="2" | Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 11121-48-5 |
| SMILES | Script error: No such module "collapsible list". |
| style="background: #F8EABA; text-align: center;" colspan="2" | Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C20H4Cl4I4O5 |
| Molar mass | 973.67 g mol−1 |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) | |
| Infobox references | |
Rose Bengal (4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-2',4',5',7'-tetraiodofluorescein) is a stain. Its sodium salt is commonly used in eye drops to stain damaged conjunctival and corneal cells and thereby identify damage to the eye. The stain is also used in the preparation of Foraminifera for microscopic analysis, allowing the distinction between forms that were alive or dead at the time of collection.
A form of Rose Bengal is also being studied as a treatment for certain cancers and skin conditions. The cancer formulation of the drug, known as PV-10, is currently undergoing clinical trials for melanoma and breast cancer. The company also has formulated a drug based on Rose Bengal for the treatment of eczema and psoriasis; this drug, PH-10, is currently in clinical trial as well.
Contents
Chemical applications
Rose Bengal is also used in synthetic chemistry to generate singlet oxygen from triplet oxygen. The singlet oxygen can then undergo a variety of useful reactions, particularly [2 + 2] cycloadditions with alkenes and similar systems.
Biological applications
Provectus Pharmaceuticals' proprietary drug PV-10 was found to cause an observable response in 60 percent of tumors treated, according to researchers in a phase II melanoma study. Locoregional disease control was observed in 75 percent of patients. Also confirmed was a "bystander effect", previously observed in the phase I trial, whereby untreated lesions responded to treatment as well, potentially due to immune system response. These data were based on the interim results of the first 40 patients treated in an 80 patient study.[1]
Rose Bengal is also used in animal models of ischemic stroke (photothrombotic stroke models) in biomedical research. A bolus of the compound is injected into the venous system. Then the region of interest (e.g., the cerebral cortex) is exposed and illuminated by LASER light of 561 nm. A thrombus is formed in the illuminated blood vessels, causing a stroke in the dependent brain tissue.[2][3]
Rose bengal has been used for 50 years to diagnose liver and eye cancer. It has also been used as an insecticide.[4][5][citation needed]
Rose Bengal is being researched as an agent in creating nano sutures.[6] Wounds are painted on both sides with it and then illuminated with an intense light. This links the tiny collagen fibers together sealing the wound.[7][8][9] Healing is faster and the seal reduces chances of infection.[10][11]
Rose Bengal is used in several microbiological media, including Cooke's Rose Bengal agar, to suppress bacterial growth.
Electronic applications
Rose Bengal demonstrates at least six distinct electronic properties[12] which are otherwise hidden in the molecule. Rose Bengal is a double planar molecule and relative rotation of the planes generate unique electronics. Therefore, Rose Bengal is a suitable candidate for molecular electronics.
References
Cite error: Invalid <references> tag;
parameter "group" is allowed only.
<references />, or <references group="..." />External links
- Pages with script errors
- Pages with broken file links
- 2Fix
- Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes
- All articles with unsourced statements
- Articles with unsourced statements from May 2008
- Articles with invalid date parameter in template
- Ophthalmology
- Triarylmethane dyes
- Phenols
- Organochlorides
- Organoiodides
