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...pg|thumbnail|300px|Crystal structure of a short peptide L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala (bacterial cell wall precursor, in green) bound to vancomycin (blue) through hydrogen ...The three peptide synthases are located at the start of the region of the bacterial genome linked with [[antibiotic]] biosynthesis and spans 27kb.<ref name="pm

...actam]] [[antibiotic]] that has been used extensively to treat [[bacterium|bacterial]] [[infection]]s since 1961. Until the introduction of ampicillin by the Br ...of an [[amino]] group. That amino group helps the drug penetrate the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria.

== Bacterial Polyesters == ...has a very low oxygen permeability and is edible and to utilize PHBV as an outer packaging which has good flexibility and is a moisture barrier. A film blen

...Bhamidi S|year=2009|chapter=Mycobacterial Cell Wall Arabinogalactan|title=Bacterial Polysaccharides: Current Innovations and Future Trends|publisher=Caister Ac ...Bhamidi S|year=2009|chapter=Mycobacterial Cell Wall Arabinogalactan|title=Bacterial Polysaccharides: Current Innovations and Future Trends|publisher=Caister Ac

...f the essential amino acid <small>L</small>-[[lysine]] that is produced by bacterial fermentation. ε-Poly-<small>L</small>-lysine is used as a natural preserva ...ds to the abnormal distribution of the [[cytoplasm]] causing damage to the bacterial cell.<ref>{{cite journal | author = Shima, S. et al. | year = 1984 | title

...on]]s, it becomes part of [[smog]]. Formaldehyde has also been detected in outer space (see below). ...ecause it prevents overuse of antibiotics and the resultant development of bacterial resistance to them. Some topical creams, cosmetics and personal hygiene pr

===Bacterial infections=== ...ifficile]]''.<ref>{{cite web | last = Marks | first = Stanley L. | title = Bacterial Gastroenteritis in Dogs & Cats--More Common Than You Think | work = Proceed

...Some chemical messengers, such as testosterone, can pass through the cell membrane, and bind directly to receptors in the cytoplasm or nucleus. ...r example of extracellular signaling molecules that may cross the [[plasma membrane]] due to their [[Lipophilicity|lipophilic]] or [[Hydrophobe|hydrophobic]] n