Trisodium citrate

From Self-sufficiency
Jump to: navigation, search
Sodium citrate
Sodium citrate
style="background: #F8EABA; text-align: center;" colspan="2" | Identifiers
CAS number 68-04-2 YesY
6132-04-3 (dihydrate)
6858-44-2 (pentahydrate)
RTECS number GE8300000
SMILES Script error: No such module "collapsible list".
style="background: #F8EABA; text-align: center;" colspan="2" | Properties
Molecular formula Na3C6H5O7
Molar mass 258.06 g/mol
Appearance White crystalline powder
Density 1.7 g/cm3
Melting point

>300 °C
hydrates lose water ca. 150 C

Boiling point

Decomposes

Solubility in water 42.5 g/100 ml (25 °C)
style="background: #F8EABA; text-align: center;" colspan="2" | Hazards
MSDS External MSDS
Main hazards Irritant
style="background: #F8EABA; text-align: center;" colspan="2" | Related compounds
Related compounds Monosodium citrate
Disodium citrate
Calcium citrate
Citric acid
 YesY (what is this?)  (verify)
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Trisodium citrate has the chemical formula of Na3C6H5O7. It is sometimes referred to simply as sodium citrate, though sodium citrate can refer to any of the three sodium salts of citric acid. It possesses a saline, mildly tart flavor. For this reason, citrates of certain alkaline and alkaline earth metals (e.g. sodium and calcium citrates) are commonly known as sour salt (occasionally citric acid is erroneously termed sour salt).

Applications

Food

Sodium citrate is chiefly used as a food additive, usually for flavor or as a preservative. Sodium citrate is employed as a flavoring agent in certain varieties of club soda. It is also used as an acidity regulator.

Sodium citrate is common as an ingredient in lemon-lime and citrus soft drinks such as Ting, Chinotto, and some Ocean spray juices, contributing to their tart tastes, and can also be found in such energy drinks as Rockstar and Red Bull.

Buffer

As a conjugate base of a weak acid, citrate can perform as a buffering agent, resisting changes in pH. Sodium citrate is used to control acidity in some substances, such as gelatin desserts. It can be found in the mini milk containers used with coffee machines. The compound is the product of antacids such as Alka-Seltzer when they are dissolved in water.

Medical uses

In 1914, the Belgian doctor Albert Hustin and the Argentine physician and researcher Luis Agote successfully used sodium citrate as an anticoagulant in blood transfusions. It continues to be used today in blood collection tubes and for the preservation of blood in blood banks. The citrate ion chelates calcium ions in the blood by forming calcium citrate complexes, disrupting the blood clotting mechanism.

Recently, Oopvik, et al. showed that use of sodium citrate (0.5 grams per kg of body weight) improved running performance over 5 km by 30 seconds.[1]

Sodium citrate is used to relieve discomfort in urinary tract infections such as cystitis, to reduce the acidosis seen in distal renal tubular acidosis, and can also be used as an osmotic laxative.

It is used as an antacid, especially prior to anaesthesia for caesarian section to reduce the risks associated with the aspiration of gastric contents.

See also

References

Cite error: Invalid <references> tag; parameter "group" is allowed only.

Use <references />, or <references group="..." />
ar:سترات الصوديوم

cs:Citronan sodný de:Natriumcitrat es:Citrato de sodio fr:Citrate de sodium it:Citrato di sodio hu:Nátrium-citrát nl:Natriumcitraat ja:クエン酸ナトリウム no:Natriumsitrat pl:Cytrynian sodu pt:Citrato de sódio ru:Цитрат натрия

sv:Trinatriumcitrat
  1. V Oöpik, I Saaremets, L Medijainen, K Karelson, T Janson, S Timpmann (2003). "Effects of sodium citrate ingestion before exercise on endurance performance in well trained college runners". Br J Sports Med. 37 (6): 485–489. doi:10.1136/bjsm.37.6.485. PMC 1724692Freely accessible. PMID 14665584.