Trousseau sign of malignancy
The Trousseau sign of malignancy is a medical sign found in certain cancers that is associated with venous thrombosis[1] and hypercoagulability. It is also referred to as Trousseau syndrome[2] and is distinct from the Trousseau sign of latent tetany.
History
Armand Trousseau first described this finding in the 1860s; he later found the same sign in himself, was subsequently diagnosed with gastric cancer and died soon thereafter.[3]
Pathophysiology
Some malignancies, especially adenocarcinomas of the pancreas and lung, are associated with hypercoagulability (the tendency to form blood clots) for reasons that are incompletely understood, but may be related to factors secreted by the tumors, in particular a circulating pool of cell-derived tissue factor-containing microvesicles.[4]
In patients with malignancy-associated hypercoagulable states, the blood may spontaneously form clots in the portal vessels, the deep veins of the extremities (such as the leg), or the superficial veins anywhere on the body. These clots present as visibly swollen blood vessels (vasculitis), especially the veins, or as intermittent pain in the affected areas. The pathological phenomenon of clots forming, resolving and then appearing again elsewhere in the body has been named thrombophlebitis migrans or migratory thrombophlebitis.
References
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- ↑ Trousseau sign at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
- ↑ Trousseau syndrome at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
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- ↑ Del Conde I, Bharwani LD, Dietzen DJ, Pendurthi U, Thiagarajan P, López JA.(2007) Microvesicle-associated tissue factor and Trousseau's syndrome. J Thromb Haemost 5:70-4
