Difference between revisions of "Wiggers diagram"
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File:Wiggers.png
Wiggers diagram.
Red = aortic pressure
Blue = left ventricular pressure
Yellow = left atrial pressure.
Red = aortic pressure
Blue = left ventricular pressure
Yellow = left atrial pressure.
A Wiggers diagram is a standard diagram used in cardiac physiology.
The X axis is used to plot time, while the Y axis contains all of the following on a single grid:
- Blood pressure
- Aortic pressure
- Ventricular pressure
- Atrial pressure
- Ventricular volume
- Electrocardiogram
- Arterial flow (optional)
- Heart sounds (optional)
By illustrating the coordinated variation of these values, it becomes easier to illustrate the relationship between these values in the cardiac cycle.
Etymology
It is named after Dr. Carl J. Wiggers, M.D.. The diagram is frequently called a "Wigger's diagram", but this is incorrect.
Events
| Phase | EKG | Heart sounds | Aortic valve | Mitral valve | |
| A | Atrial systole | P | S4* | closed | open |
| B | Ventricular systole - Isovolumetric/isovolumic contraction | QRS | S1 ("lub") | closed | closed |
| C1 | Ventricular systole - Ejection 1 | - | open | closed | |
| C2 | Ventricular systole - Ejection 2 | T | open | closed | |
| D | Ventricular diastole - Isovolumetric/isovolumic relaxation | - | S2 ("dub") | closed | closed |
| E1 | Ventricular diastole - Ventricular filling 1 | - | S3* | closed | open |
| E2 | Ventricular diastole - Ventricular filling 2 | - | closed | open |
Note that during isovolumetric/isovolumic contraction and relaxation, all the heart valves are closed. At no time are all the heart valves open.
- S3 and S4 heart sounds are associated with pathologies and are not routinely heard.
Additional images
- Heart systole.svg
Ventricular systole
- Heart diastole.png
Cardiac diastole
- ECG Principle fast.gif
ECG
- EKG complex.png
The EKG complex. P=P wave, PR=PR interval, QRS=QRS complex, QT=QT interval, ST=ST segment, T=T wave
See also
External links
- Flash animation at utah.edu
- Diagram at mmi.mcgill.ca
- Slides at ouhscphysio.org
- Diagram at arizona.edu
- Diagram at cals.ncsu.edu
- Biography of Carl Wiggers
- isometric+period+of+cardiac+cycle at eMedicine Dictionary
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