Robert Bosch GmbH

Robert Bosch GmbH

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Type	Private GmbH
Industry	Automotive, Automation, Major appliances, Packaging, Security
Founded	15 November 1886 (adopted current name in 1937) by Robert Bosch
Founder(s)	Robert Bosch
Headquarters	Gerlingen, Germany
Area served	Worldwide
Key people	Franz Fehrenbach (Chairman)
Products	Automotive parts, Power tools, Security systems
Revenue	11px €38.174 billion (2009)
Employees	270,687 (2009)
Website	www.bosch.com

File:Bosch Logo Stuttgart.JPG

Logo at Bosch Headquarters

Robert Bosch GmbH is a technology-based corporation which was founded by Robert Bosch in Stuttgart, Germany in 1886.

Robert Bosch GmbH is the world's largest supplier of automobile components, and has business relationships with virtually every automobile company in the world. The headquarters of Bosch is in Gerlingen, near Stuttgart. Franz Fehrenbach became chairman on 1 July 2003. The Bosch Group comprises more than 275 subsidiary companies.

Statistics

Operating in the areas of automotive and industrial technology, consumer goods, and building technology, the Bosch Group reported sales of €43.7 billion in fiscal 2006, an increase of 5.4% over the previous fiscal.

In 2005, worldwide sales of the Bosch Group came to €41.5 billion (reported as US$49,102,300,000), with about US$8 billion in US sales. In the auto-component supply market, the top competitors of Robert Bosch GmbH are: Delphi Corporation, Visteon, DENSO Corporation, and, Continental AG.

In 2004, Robert Bosch GmbH was 17th on the list of Top 20 Patent Winners in the United States, with 907 new patents. This was an improvement from 20th (758 patents) in 2003, and 23rd (683 patents) in 2002.

Ownership

Robert Bosch GmbH, including its wholly owned subsidiaries such as Robert Bosch LLC in North America, is unusual in that it is an extremely large, privately owned corporation that is almost entirely (92%) owned by a charitable foundation. Thus, while most of the profits are ploughed back into the corporation to build for the future and sustain growth, nearly all of the profits distributed to shareholders are devoted to humanitarian causes.

File:Diagram Verfassung Bosch.png

Diagram of Robert Bosch GmbH (Beteiligung relates to shares, Stimmen to voice/votes).

As shown in the diagram (above), the Robert Bosch Stiftung (Robert Bosch Foundation) holds 92% of the shares (Beteiligung) of Robert Bosch GmbH, but no voting rights (Stimmrecht). The Robert Bosch Industrietreuhand KG (Robert Bosch Industrial Trust KG), with old members of the company management, agents of the Bosch family, and other eminent people from the industry (such as Jürgen Hambrecht, CEO of BASF), have 93% of the votes (Stimmen), but no shares (0.01%). The remaining 8% of shares and 7% of voting-rights are held by the descendants of the company founder Robert Bosch (Familie Bosch).

For example, in 2004, the net profit was US$2.1 billion, but only US$78 million was distributed as dividends to shareholders. Of that figure, US$72 million was distributed to the charitable foundation, and the other US$6 million to Bosch family stockholders. The remaining 96% of the profits were pumped back into the company. In its core automotive technology business, Bosch invests 9% of its revenue on research and development, nearly double the industry average of 4.7%.

Arrangement of the company

Notable subsidiaries

The Bosch Group comprises more than 275 subsidiary companies. In addition to auto-component supply business, which brings in around 60% of its revenues, the company produces industrial machinery and hand tools. It also owns 50% of Bosch-Siemens Hausgeräte, the European appliance maker. Bosch's Blaupunkt unit was a major manufacturer of vehicle audio equipment until March, 1st, 2009. The subsidiary Bosch Rexroth produces hydraulic, electric, and pneumatic machinery for applications ranging from automotive to mining. Bosch has also purchased Telex Communications, and has purchased 50% of Purolator Filters as a joint venture with Mann+Hummel.

Worldwide presence

Although most of the company's plants and employees are located in Germany (112,300 employees), Bosch is a truly worldwide company. In North America, Robert Bosch LLC (a wholly owned Bosch subsidiary) has corporate headquarters in Farmington Hills, MI; with factories and distribution facilities in Mt. Prospect, IL; Hoffman Estates, IL; Broadview, IL; Kentwood, MI; Waltham, MA; Clarksville, TN; Anderson, SC;Charleston, SC; South Bend, IN; and 11 other cities. The Research Technology Center is located in Palo Alto, CA near Stanford University. There are also two corporate sites in Brazil and ten in Mexico where a central purchasing office for all divisions of Bosch Group is located. In North America, Bosch employs about 24,750 people in 80 locations, generating $8.8 billion in sales in 2006.

There are other wholly owned Bosch subsidiaries in:

• India (18,450)
• Brazil (14,190)
• China (12,370)
• France (9,720)
• Czech Republic (8,690)
• Japan (8,130)
• Spain (7,950)
• Turkey (7,000 employees in Bursa and Istanbul, 500 in Manisa)
• Hungary (6,280)
• Italy (5,160)
• United Kingdom (4,920)
• Portugal (3,940)
• Romania
• Netherlands (3,320)
• Switzerland (2,780)
• Australia (2,300)
• Malaysia (2,220)
• Austria (2,140)
• Belgium (2,040)
• South Korea (2,000)
• Russia (1,730)
• Poland (1,640)
• Sweden (1,230)
• South Africa (1,010)
• Tunisia (770)

and other countries. Bosch employs over 281,717 people in more than 50 countries, supplying a complex distribution network of new products and parts.

Logo

The Bosch logo represents a simple magneto armature and casing, one of the first components produced by the business.

Core businesses

Automotive technology

About 60% of Bosch's worldwide annual sales are produced in automotive technology. Bosch invented the first practical magneto, an early ignition electrical source, which provided the spark to ignite the fuel in most of the earliest internal combustion engines. Bosch's corporate logo to this date depicts the armature from a magneto. Bosch also invented the Anti-lock Braking System (ABS), and as time passed, Bosch became a leader in such specialized fields as traction control systems (TCS), the Electronic Stability Program (ESP®), body electronics (such as central locking, doors, windows and seats), and oxygen sensors, injectors and fuel pumps. Even in such humble technological areas as spark plugs, wiper blades, engine cooling fans and other aftermarket parts, Bosch has over $1 billion in annual sales.

Bosch is a leading player in car stereo systems and in-car navigation systems.

Robert Bosch GmbH is supplying hybrid diesel-electric technology to automakers, including PSA Peugeot 308.

In June 2008 Bosch formed SB LiMotive, a 50:50 joint company with Samsung SDI. The company held ground breaking ceremony for a 28.000 m² lithium-ion battery cell manufacturing plant in September 2009 and it is scheduled to start production for hybrid vehicles in 2011 and for electric vehicles in 2012 The plant will generate a 1.000 jobs in Ulsan, Korea in addition to the 500 employees in Korea, Germany and the USA.

Industrial technology

Bosch's subsidiary Bosch Rexroth is a supplier of industrial technology. Through this division, Bosch supplies technologies for driving, controlling, and moving machines. These technologies serve Bosch's two core markets–factory automation and mobile hydraulics.

Bosch's packaging technology division plans, designs, manufactures and installs packaging lines for manufacturers of pharmaceutical, confectionery, food, and similar products. Bosch is one of the largest supplier of packaging technology.

Consumer goods and power tools

File:Belt sander bosch.jpg

Bosch belt sander 1274 DVS

Bosch caters to the areas of consumer goods and building technology with its power tool, thermotechnology, and security systems, as well as with its household appliances business within the BSH Bosch and Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH joint venture. In the US, power tools are provided by the Robert Bosch Tool Corporation based in Mt. Prospect, Illinois.

With its brands Bosch, Hawera, Skil, Dremel and RotoZip, and many more, Bosch is the largest manufacturer of portable powertools worldwide. Bosch manufactures power tools for the building trade, industry, and do-it-yourself-ers (DIY-ers). The product range also includes accessories such as drill bits and saw blades, under its Vermont American brand, as well as gardening appliances under its Gilmour brand.

Bosch is the largest European manufacturer of thermotechnology (heating units, etc.) with its subsidiary BBT Thermotechnik GmbH. It had revenues of €2.8 billion in 2006. Its brands include Bosch, Buderus, Junkers, Dakon, e.l.m leblanc S.A., FHP Manufacturing, Geminox, IVT, Nefit, Sieger, Vulcano and Worcester.

BSH Bosch and Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH, in which Bosch and Siemens AG each hold a 50% share, is one of the world's top three companies in the household appliances industry. In Germany and Western Europe, BSH is the market leader. Its portfolio includes the principal brand names Bosch and Siemens, Gaggenau, Neff, Thermador, Constructa, Viva, and ufesa brands, and further six regional brands. Bosch household appliances for the North American market are mainly manufactured at its factory near New Bern, NC. Its competitors include Viking Range, Fulgor, Sub-Zero Refrigerator, Wolf Appliance (a division of Sub-Zero Refrigerator), Fagor, Dacor, and Miele. The distribution of manufacturing workforce in household appliances is:

• 36% in Germany
• 30% in Western Europe (excluding Germany, but including Turkey)
• 15% in Asia
• 10% in Eastern Europe
• 5% in North America
• 4% in Latin America

with 39,000 employees overall.

Security systems

In 2001, Bosch bought Detection Systems and Radionics, Inc., gaining a foothold in the North American security and life safety products manufacturing/supply business. Combining the product portfolio of the nascent business in Europe, which includes installation, supply, and call centre business, with the dealer network and product portfolio, allowed Bosch to enter the American market as a major supplier. Through the Detection Systems acquisition, Bosch also obtained additional sales channels in Latin America, Asia-Pacific (including Australia), and Europe.

In 2002, Bosch acquired Philips Communications and Security, Inc., adding a comprehensive video surveillance portfolio, as well as sales channels, to its business.

In 2008, Bosch acquired Extreme CCTV, a rugged camera and IP camera manufacturer, further enhancing their video surveillance portfolio.

Today, Bosch Security Systems, Inc. works closely with an extensive network of certified dealers and integrators to design dependable security and life safety solutions for the market. Like others in this consolidated market, they maintain a broad portfolio of products and systems for video surveillance, access control, and intrusion and fire detection. They count major schools and universities, government agencies, correctional facilities, retail stores, casinos as many of their markets.

History

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American Bosch Magneto Corporation

1886	Opening of Workshop for Precision Mechanics and Electrical Engineering in Stuttgart on 15 November
1887	First low-voltage magneto from Bosch for stationary petrol engines
1897	First low-voltage magneto ignition for motor vehicle internal combustion engines
1901	First plant in Stuttgart
1902	First commercially viable high-voltage spark plug
1906	Production of 100,000th magneto ignition
1906	Introduction of eight-hour working day
1910	Opening of plant in Stuttgart-Feuerbach
1913	Start of production of headlights
1918	American assets seized; later become American Bosch Magneto
1926	Start of production of windscreen wipers
1927	First diesel fuel injection pump
1929	First TV Set from Fernseh AG division
1932	Formation of Junkers & Co.
1932	First power drill from Bosch
1932	First Blaupunkt car audio
1936	First diesel fuel injection pump for passenger cars, such as the Mercedes-Benz 260D
1939-45	Employs forced laborers during World War II
1942	Death of the company founder Robert Bosch on 12 March
1962	Worcester Bosch Group opens in England
1964	Robert Bosch Foundation
1970	Company headquarter moves to Gerlingen
1976	First oxygen sensors
1978	Worldwide first Anti-lock Braking System (ABS)
1979	First electronic engine management system (Motronic)
1982	Company acquires photographic equipment division from Braun AG
1986	Traction control system (TCS) on the market
1995	Acquisition of Atco-Qualcast Ltd
1995	First Electronic Stability Control - Electronic Stability Program (ESP®)
1997	Common rail diesel fuel injection
2000	DI-Motronic gasoline direct injection system
2000	Acquisition of Rexroth
2003	Acquisition of Buderus AG
2003	Digital car radio with MP3 drive and digital recorder (Blaupunkt)
2003	The formation of the Robert Bosch Tool Corporation and acquisition of S-B Power Tool Corporation and Vermont American Corporation including the brand names for Bosch Power Tools, Skil Power Tools, Dremel, Vermont-American, Primark brands, and Gilmours
2004	Third-generation common rail diesel injection for cars, with piezo injectors
2004	Bosch opens new Technology Center in Abstatt
2006	Bosch acquires Telex Communications, a maker of hearing aids, headsets and audio equipment, and partners with Daewoo to build Bosch refrigerators in Mexico
2007	The Bosch Communications Systems business unit is created to manage the brands and products of former Telex Communications
2008	Tata Nano, the $2,500 People's Car powered by Bosch-designed engine is unveiled at Auto Expo in New Delhi. Bosch plans to acquire majority stake in Ersol photovoltaics.
2009	Bosch acquires LR Nelson, a maker of lawn and garden products, including ponds, and merges the Gilmours and Nelson brands into Bosch - Garden and Watering.

Corporate social responsibility and accreditation

The corporate major products are ISO 9001 and 14001 accredited. In addition to that, their management is complied with OHSAS 18001.

See also

• Knorr-Bremse
• Bosch home appliances

External links

• Robert Bosch GmbH official website
• Profile at Yahoo! Finance: Bosch-YF-profile
• Bosch Security Systems official website
• Bosch Power Tools North America official website
• Bosch Employees Forum for Social Development of Mankind
• Bosch Antilock Braking System website
• Bosch ESP® website
• Bosch ACC (Adaptive Cruise Control) website

af:Robert Bosch GmbH zh:罗伯特·博世有限公司