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...Stancliff S, Bruce RD | title = Reducing the health consequences of opioid addiction in primary care | journal = Am. J. Med. | volume = 126 | issue = 7 | pages ...//www.abc.net.au/triplej/programs/hack/how-painkiller-use-becomes-a-heroin-addiction/7129964 |title=Why the 'heroin antidote' naloxone is now available in pharm

...%). It is less potent than morphine and has a correspondingly lower [[drug addiction|dependence]]-liability than morphine.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Vree TB, va * [[Drug addiction]]

...ttenuates the discriminative stimulus effects of ketamine in rats |journal=Addiction Biology |volume=6 |issue=4 |pages=373–376 |year=2001 |month=September |pm ...doi=10.1038/sj.npp.1300994}}</ref> and [[heroin]] [[Substance use disorder|addiction]].<ref name="jovaisa">{{Cite journal|author=Jovaisa T, Laurinenas G, Vosyli

...[neurobiology|neurobiological]] theories of [[physical dependence|chemical addiction]] (not to be confused with [[Substance dependence|psychological dependence] ...sociated with reward-seeking behaviors, such as approach, consumption, and addiction.<!----><ref name="fn5">{{cite journal | author = Arias-Carrión O, Pöppel

...books?doi=VgetLfJBQv0C&pg=PA396 Comprehensive Handbook of Drug and Alcohol Addiction]. NY, Marcel Dekker, 1991 ISBN 082478474X</ref> Research has also found tha

...ence|dependence]] develop rapidly, although [[Physical property|physical]] addiction may take several months to develop. ...in 1817 as an [[analgesic]], and also as a treatment for opium and alcohol addiction. Commercial production began in Darmstadt, Germany in 1827 by the pharmacy

...008"/> Diazepam also has abuse potential and can cause serious problems of addiction. Urgent action by National Governments to improve prescribing practices has ...g tolerance|tolerance]], [[physical dependence]], [[Substance use disorder|addiction]] and what is known as the [[benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome]]. Withdraw

...ine]] drugs can cause [[physical dependence]] and [[Substance use disorder|addiction]]. Withdrawal from temazepam or other benzodiazepines after regular use oft ...and Glasgow, November 1990 to October 1992 |journal=[[Addiction (journal)|Addiction]] |volume=90 |issue=7 |pages=959–65 |year=1995 |pmid=7663317 |doi=10.1046

...ake the effort to think clearly in and about religion, not for those whose addiction to religion is nothing more than a slavish adherence to inherited superstit

...e=September 2009}}, a program originally designated to assist persons with addiction problems, and later offered family, marital, and financial counseling, now

| M || [[Magnan's sign]] || [[Valentin Magnan]] || [[addiction medicine]] || [[cocaine dependence]] || {{WhoNamedIt|synd|762|Magnan's si

* [[Pie]] [[Substance_use_disorder|Addiction]]

...ve [[Prometa]] Treatment Protocol for methamphetamine, cocaine and alcohol addiction. Gabapentin is administered at a dosage of 1200&nbsp;mg taken at bedtime fo

...ned favor among the medical community due to its effectiveness and a lower addiction rate than [[morphine]]. It is very useful to give to someone who is experie

...pamine release, and lead to aberrant [[synaptic plasticity]], which causes addiction. Opioid receptors have many other and more important roles in the brain and ...//www.news-medical.net/?id=33701# | title = A genetic influence on alcohol addiction found - lack of endorphin | author = | authorlink = | coauthors = | date =

...cotic]] analgesics are otherwise safe and effective, however risks such as addiction and the body becoming used to the drug (tolerance) can occur. The effect of

...as a substitute for opium when opium is unavailable, or to moderate opium addiction. In folk medicine, it is often used to treat diarrhea. A small minority of ...of kratom and alcohol to become sexually stimulated. As discussed earlier, addiction seems to be a possibility if high doses are used.

...tp://www.newscientist.com/article/dn11904-plant-extract-may-block-cannabis-addiction-.html</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Solinas M, Scherma M, Fattore L, ''e | journal = Addiction

...user also noted that his use of the product showed signs associated with [[addiction]].<ref name=Zimmermann>{{cite doi|10.3238/arztebl.2009.0464}}</ref> One cas ...hetic cannabinoid profile] [[European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction]]

...r], page 4. "Cannabis has been described as a 'Trojan Horse' for nicotine addiction, given the usual method of mixing cannabis with tobacco when preparing mari

...the UK medical journal ''The Lancet'', Cannabis has a lower rate of [[drug addiction|dependence]] compared to both nicotine and alcohol.<ref name = "drugpolicy.

...ne 1989 <ref name="washtimes" />to address to specific needs of Marijuana Addiction. Since its inception, MA has followed the Twelve Traditions and suggests pr [[Category:Addiction and substance abuse organizations]]

...ade available for the rehabilitation of individuals experiencing marijuana addiction and some have shown to be successful. The effects of marijuana usage are w ...m the associations between previous experiences, since both play a part in addiction. This becomes especially apparent in the phenomenon known as reverse toler

...er], page 4. "Cannabis has been described as a 'Trojan Horse' for nicotine addiction, given the usual method of mixing cannabis with tobacco when preparing mari

...ldrich, G. and Furst, S. (2003). Neuromorphological background of cannabis addiction. ''Brain Research Bulletin'' 61: 125</ref> Budney et al. argue that the upk

...ural Pharmacology'' 7: 65–71</ref>. Twelve step programs such as NA view addiction as a disease, with complete abstinence the only option for recovery; the su

...f Causal Linkages Between Cannabis Use and Psychotic Symptoms. | journal = Addiction | volume = 100 | issue = 3 | pages = 354–366 | year = 2005 | month = Marc ...], p. 4. "''Cannabis'' has been described as a 'Trojan Horse' for nicotine addiction, given the usual method of mixing ''Cannabis'' with tobacco when preparing

The research by South Bank University's and the national addiction centre at Kings College, London, is partly based on interviews with 37 home

===Drug Addiction=== ...e drug addiction. These stages include enticement, ingesting, withdrawal, addiction, and removal. It begins with the change in the genome through transcriptio

...iang XY | year=2003 | month=November | title=[Clinic research on heroin de-addiction effects of acupuncture and its potentiality of preventing relapse] | journa [[Category:Drug addiction]]

...'''Norspan''') is a semi-synthetic [[opioid]] that is used to treat opioid addiction in higher dosages (>2&nbsp;mg) and to control moderate pain in non-opioid t ...ine's high-dose sublingual pill preparations, were approved for [[opioid]] addiction treatment in September 2006. In the [[Netherlands]], Buprenorphine is a Lis

...is a primary [[mu opioid receptor|μ]] agonist]. Although this can lead to addiction and reward-seeking behavior, it has been demonstrated that, when opioids ar

...ed medically as an [[analgesic]], [[antitussive]] and a maintenance [[drug addiction#Anti-addictive drugs|anti-addictive]] for use in patients on opioids. It wa ...t politically polarizing, of any pharmacotherapy for the treatment of drug addiction patients.

...e [[University of Iowa]], has suggested that salvia may help treat cocaine addiction: | journal = Addiction

...lable for prescription in the US. Most C-II substances have a high risk of addiction and have a marked affect on the CNS (Central Nervous System). With a C-II,

...creationally. However, it does not produce [[Substance dependence|physical addiction]], according to the [[World Health Organization|WHO]] Committee on Drug Dep

...PHCS) onset and perceived addiction among urban Houstonian adolescents: an addiction trend in the city of lean. | journal = Journal of drug education | volume = ...e "Lean" Abuse Creates Strange Musical Genre], Counselor: The Magazine for Addiction Professionals, 20 November 2008</ref> Songs like "[[Sippin' on Some Syrup]

...p. 330</ref> Long-term use has been reported to result in [[drug addiction|addiction]].<ref name=Roussin/><ref>{{cite journal |author=Bonnet U, Harkener J, Sche

{{See also|Addiction to ether consumption}}

...less dangerous than tobacco and alcohol in social harms, physical harm and addiction.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/bsp/hi/pdfs/31_07_06_dru == Addiction ==

...cite journal|author=Sonnedecker G|title=Emergence of the Concept of Opiate Addiction|journal=Journal mondial de Pharmacie|volume=3|pages=275–290|year=1962|iss

...became hooked on drugs, and began stealing from his parents to support his addiction. Their first home robbery together occurred during the summer after tenth

...gtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/story/2008/08/05/ST2008080503796.html Tales of Addiction, Anxiety, Ranting]", ''Washington Post'', Aug. 6, 2008.</ref> According to