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...ally happens only in anaerobic cells, it has relatively little effect upon human cells or [[aerobic bacteria]].<ref>{{Cite book|first1=Barry I. |last1=Eisen ...US [[National Toxicology Program]] (NTP) as reasonably anticipated to be a human [[carcinogen]]. Although some of the testing methods have been questioned,

...n of CYP3A4, CYP2B6, and CYP2C9 isoforms to N-demethylation of ketamine in human liver microsomes |journal=Drug Metabolism and Disposition |volume=30 |issue ...ert DG |title=Interaction of ketamine with mu2 opioid receptors in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells |journal=Journal of Anesthesia |volume=13 |issue=2 |pag

...bolized]]. It is [[clearance (medicine)|cleared]] from the body by [[renal physiology#Secretion|tubular secretion]] and excreted unchanged in the urine; metformi ...3 |issue=1 |pages=H457–66 |year=2007 |pmid=17369473 |url=http://ajpheart.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/293/1/H457 |doi=10.1152/ajpheart.00002.2007}}</ref>

...salicylic acid.<ref>Ueber Aspirin. Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology, Volume: 84, Issue: 11-12 (March 1, 1901), pp: 527-546.</ref> The popularit ...e journal|author=Wolff, ''et al.''|title=Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in human lung carcinoma|journal=Cancer Research|date=15 November 1998| pages=4997–

In the human heart, nitric oxide reduces both total peripheral resistance as well as ven In physiology research, sodium nitroprusside is frequently used to test endothelium-indep

...variety of animals, including both vertebrates and invertebrates. In the [[human brain|brain]], this [[phenethylamine]] functions as a [[neurotransmitter]], ...ry 2001, Pages 46-47.</ref> Carlsson was awarded the 2000 [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] for showing that dopamine is not just a precursor of [[norepi

...]], or [[Fermentation (biochemistry)|fermentation]]. Carbohydrates are the human body's key source of energy, through aerobic respiration, providing approxi ...| first1 = E. J. | last2 = Baumeister | first2 = Roy F. | title = Toward a Physiology of Dual-Process Reasoning and Judgment: Lemonade, Willpower, and Expensive

...cium transport pathways along the mammalian distal nephron: from rabbit to human | journal = Am J Physiol Renal Physiol | pages = F628-F643| year = 2003 | p ...ef name=boron875> {{cite book |author=Walter F., PhD. Boron |title=Medical Physiology: A Cellular And Molecular Approaoch |publisher=Elsevier/Saunders |location=

== Physiology == ...acid secretion.<ref>Soffer, L.J.; Dorfman, R.I.; Gabrilove, J.L,. “The Human Adrenal Gland”. Febiger, Phil.</ref> Cortisol's only direct effect on the

*[[Flushing (physiology)|Flushing]] of the [[face]] '''''[[Ear]], [[nose]], [[throat]], and [[human skin|skin]]:'''''

...ed, as the fruits of Carolina Horsenettle are [[poison]]ous and may kill a human who eats of them. ...town University Medical Center}} : [http://www8.georgetown.edu/departments/physiology/cam/urbanherbs/horse_nettle.htm''Solanum carolinense'']. Retrieved 2009-OCT

...disrupts the workings of the [[central nervous system]] and is toxic to [[human]]s and all classes of [[livestock]].<ref name="Vetter J. 2004"/> Ingestion ...s [[sheep]]) have been suggested. ''C. maculatum'' alkaloids can enter the human food chain via [[milk]] and [[fowl]]. Such losses may be underestimated, at

...lora. In: Fruit and Seed Production: Aspects of Development, Environmental Physiology and Ecology (Society for Experimental Biology Seminar Series) (Ed. by C. Ma ...bfiles/v-23/97_1-2_61-66.pdf|format=PDF|journal=Bulgarian Journal of Plant Physiology|volume=23|issue=1-2|pages=61–66|year=1997|accessdate=2008-07-08}}</ref> T

...utline of Knowledge''', which seeks to provide a logical framework for all human knowledge; however, the ''Propædia'' also has several appendices listing t ...ic, strictly [[hierarchy|hierarchical]] [[categorization]] of all possible human knowledge, a 20th-century analog of the [[Great chain of being|Great Chain

{{See|Human homeostasis}} ...arantula]] ([[Poikilotherm|cold-blooded]] or exothermic) on a warm-blooded human hand ([[endothermic]]).]]

...man J, Costabel U |title=Pentoxifylline inhibits TNF-alpha production from human alveolar macrophages |journal=Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. |volume=159 |i Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. Br J Pharmaco

A wide range for [[Normal human body temperature|normal temperatures]] has been found.<ref name=CC09>{{cite ...> Chapter 58 in: {{cite book |author=Walter F., PhD. Boron |title=Medical Physiology: A Cellular And Molecular Approaoch |publisher=Elsevier/Saunders |location=

...Exposures at 100 [[parts per million|ppm]] or greater can be dangerous to human health.<ref name="Prockop"/> ...on is altered by several factors, including activity level, [[Ventilation (physiology)|rate of ventilation]], a pre-existing [[cerebral]] or [[cardiovascular dis

...date =2007-06-25 }}</ref> Cancer caused about 13% of [[causes of death|all human deaths]] in 2007<ref name="WHO">{{cite web | last =WHO | authorlink =World ...hor = Kinzler, Kenneth W.; Vogelstein, Bert | title = The genetic basis of human cancer | edition = 2nd, illustrated, revised| language = | publisher = McGr

...pplies theory, principles, data and methods to design in order to optimize human well-being and overall system performance.}} ...]], [[industrial engineering]], [[industrial design]], [[kinesiology]], [[physiology]] and [[psychology]].

* The ergonomics of the [[Human Factors]], focusing on research results General (on the postures, rhythms, ...y)|memory]] [[attention]], [[collection]] [[learning]] ...) and the psycho-physiology ([[alert]], posture, working conditions ...), sociology of organizations (d

...urnal |author=Brudevold F, Steadman LT |title=The distribution of lead in human enamel |journal=J Dent Res |volume=35 |pages=430–437 |year=1956 |pmid=133 ...[[#CITEREFChisolm04|Chisolm (2004)]] pp. 223</ref> Effects of lead on the physiology of the kidneys and blood are generally reversible; its effects on the centr

...bonic acid]] equilibria are important for [[acid-base homeostasis]] in the human body. }}</ref> Buffering is an essential part of [[acid base physiology]] including [[acid-base homeostasis]],<ref>

'''Acid-base homeostasis''' is the part of [[human homeostasis]] concerning the proper balance between [[acid]]s and [[Chemica ...an be compensated in the short term by changing the rate of [[Ventilation (physiology)|ventilation]]. This alters the concentration of [[carbon dioxide]] in the

'''Acid-base imbalance''' is an abnormality of the human body's normal [[acid-base homeostasis|balance of acids and bases]] that cau The traditional approach to the study of acid-base physiology has been the [[empiric]] approach. The main variants are the [[base excess]

| heteropolymer = Hemoglobin, human, adult | image_source = Structure of human hemoglobin. The protein's <font color = "red">'''α'''</font> and <font col

| [[Tea]] or healthy [[human skin|skin]] ||bgcolor=#669900|<center>5.0 | Healthy [[human]] [[saliva]] ||bgcolor=green|<center><font color=#FFFFFF>6.5 – 7.4

- [[Exercise physiology]] - [[Human anatomy]]

{{:Table of muscles of the human body/Nav}} This is a '''table of [[muscle]]s of the [[human anatomy]]'''.

...uberger's blood group]] || Auberger (patient) ||haematology ||normal physiology || {{WhoNamedIt|synd|283}} ||Aua antigen ...idge reflex]] || [[Francis Arthur Bainbridge]] ||cardiology ||normal physiology || ||increase in heart rate with increase in circulating blood volume

...261253-0">{{cite book |author=Goldsmith, Lowell A. |title=Biochemistry and physiology of the skin |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1983 |pages= |isbn=0-1 ...Cutaneous Circulation |editor-last=Goldsmith |editor-first=Lowell A |title=Physiology, biochemistry, and molecular biology of the skin |publisher=Oxford Universi

{{:Table of muscles of the human body/Intro|torso}} ==[[Human back|Back]]==

...ook|last=Saladin|first=Kenneth S.|coauthors=Miller, Leslie|title=Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of form and Function|publisher=Mc Graw-Hill|date=2004|edition=3r

| Awarded to "people who ensure the long-term survival of the human race by removing themselves from the gene pool in a sublimely idiotic fashi | Human rights

...al carrier, Jason (who was not affected by the airborne cure due to unique physiology) is rid of it when a heavy dosage of the cure is injected directly into his ...ytos virus was a deadly and highly contagious virus that only attacked non-human species. It could spread via a number of avenues, including [[Waterborne di

Caption = The human circulatory system. Red indicates oxygenated blood, blue indicates deoxygen ==Human cardiovascular system==

...UOUSi&sig=BifT5FT0iLFUuV6jXrsyk0jCmxk#PPR1,M1 Elementary Treatise on Human Physiology] originally published in French 1838, translated into English and published

For [[human]]s phosphate is life. Without it we cannot think, we cannot feel, we cannot ..., for example, is an organ often referred to as the largest organ of the [[human body]] as it covers the body, appearing to have the largest surface area of

...Donnall Thomas]], whose work was later recognized with a [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]]. Thomas' work showed that bone marrow cells infused intraveno The first physician to perform a successful human bone marrow transplant on a disease other than cancer was [[Robert A. Good]

Caption = Section of part of human glomus caroticum. Highly magnified. Numerous blood vessels are seen in sect The carotid body contains the most vascular tissue in the human body. The [[thyroid gland]] is very vascular, but not quite as much as the

In the human heart, the '''aortic body''' is one of several small clusters of [[chemorec {{Cardiovascular physiology}}

...ublickiene K |title=Endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor in vascular physiology and cardiovascular disease |journal=Atherosclerosis |volume=202 |issue=2 |p ...ublickiene K |title=Endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor in vascular physiology and cardiovascular disease |journal=Atherosclerosis |volume=202 |issue=2 |p

...=March |pmid=12391065 |doi=10.1152/japplphysiol.00868.2002 |url=http://jap.physiology.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=12391065}}</ref> ...ithin the normal range of right atrial pressure (RAP) found in the healthy human during life. This range is about -1 to +2 [[torr|mmHg]]. The higher press

Human angiotensinogen is 452 amino acids long, but other species have angiotensin ...le=Angiotensin II and its metabolites stimulate PAI-1 protein release from human adipocytes in primary culture |journal=Hypertension |volume=37 |issue=5 |pa

...sue]]<ref>{{DorlandsDict|three/000038763|fascia}}</ref> that permeates the human body. A fascia is a [[connective tissue]] that surrounds muscles, groups o |title=Human anatomy & physiology

...ism, the glomerular filtration rate remains very insensitive to changes in human blood pressure. {{Cardiovascular physiology}}

...ks.google.com/books?ei=m_JyTLPpNoP6lweEjNH3Dg&ct=result&id=PuEgAQAAIAAJ&dq=human+portal+systems&q=there+are+three+portal+systems+in+the+body%3A+one+in+the+k

| title = Human Biology and Health ==Physiology==

==Function and physiology== There are alternatives to animal tissue valves. In some cases a human aortic valve can be implanted. These are called [[homograft]]s. Homograft v

The '''cardiovascular centre''' is a part of the human [[brain]] responsible for the regulation of the rate at which the [[heart]] {{Cardiovascular physiology}}

...rect oxygenation from a developed pulmonary circuit. [[Embryology]] of the human circulatory system is an advanced study of the double circulatory system as For example, the adult human [[heart]] consists of two separated pumps or flow circuits. One side is ded

Caption = Simple diagram of the human circulatory system. | ==Physiology==

...drenal Gland) in: {{cite book |author=Walter F., PhD. Boron |title=Medical Physiology: A Cellular And Molecular Approaoch |publisher=Elsevier/Saunders |location= ...th=July |pmid=16816138 |doi=10.1152/physrev.00036.2005 |url=http://physrev.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/86/3/747}}</ref> which is found mainly in [[lung]] [[c

In a four-chambered heart, such as that in [[human]]s, there are two ventricles: the '''[[right ventricle]]''' pumps blood int ...ction by the midwall fractional shortening/end-systolic stress relation in human hypertension |journal=J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. |volume=23 |issue=6 |pages=1444

All four chambers of a human heart undergo systole and [[diastole]] in a timed fashion so that blood is {{Cardiovascular physiology}}

'''Isovolumetric contraction''' is a term used in [[cardiac physiology]] to refer to an event occurring in early [[systole (medicine)|systole]], d * Pocock, J., and Richards, C.D. (2006). ''Human Physiology, the basis of Medicine'' (3rd edition), pp.&nbsp;274–275, Oxford Universi

...ub>2</sub> receptors are expressed by perivascular microglial cells in the human brain: an immunohistochemical study |journal=Synapse |volume=53 |issue=4 |p ...five species of edible bivalve molluscs: Possible implications for mollusc physiology and sea food industry |accessdate=2007-06-24 |format= |work=}}</ref>

...xternal, at the site of pain (local) or delocalized throughout the whole [[human body|body]]. It works by interfering with the electrical currents of [[pain ...WA. Evaluation of seven years' experience with depth electrode studies in human patients. In: Ramey ER, O'Doherty DS, eds. Electrical studies on the unanes

...ignaling pathways. ''American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology''. 2008 Mar;294(3):H1145-55. PMID 18178718</ref> and CB₂ agonist

...might have enabled ''Cannabis'' gene pools to diverge before the onset of human intervention, resulting in speciation.<ref name = "hillig2005a">Hillig, Kar ...ors hypothesized that the two subspecies diverged primarily as a result of human selection; ''C. sativa'' subsp. ''sativa'' was presumably [[Artificial sele

...a(2+)-activated K+ channels confer distinctive patterns of distribution in human tissues and differential cellular localisation in the colon and corpus cave K_Ca2.3 is found in almost every tissue in the human body, with exceptions being the [[pancreas]], [[placenta]], [[adipose tissu

...0-94. Review</ref><ref>Baruscotti, M., Bucchi, A., DiFrancesco, D. (2005). Physiology and pharmacology of the cardiac pacemaker ("funny") current. Pharmacology & ...right depicts HCN1<ref>Baruscotti, M., Bucchi, A., DiFrancesco, D. (2005). Physiology and pharmacology of the cardiac pacemaker ("funny") current. Pharmacology &

...=Small KM, McGraw DW and Liggett SB.|title=Pharmacology and physiology of human adrenergic receptor polymorphisms|journal=Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol|year=2 ...le of receptor tyrosine kinase transmembrane domains in cell signaling and human pathologies|journal=Biochemistry|volume=45|issue=20|pages=6241–51|year=20

* [[Equine hyperkalaemic periodic paralysis]] as well as [[Human hyperkalaemic periodic paralysis]] (HyperPP) are caused by a defect in volt ...s [[Alan Hodgkin]] and [[Andrew Huxley]] as part of their [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Nobel Prize]]-winning research on the [[action potential]], pub

'''''[[Respiration (physiology)|Respiratory]]:''''' '''''[[Human skin|Skin]]:'''''

...thylaspartate antagonists: further studies | journal = Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology | volume = 67 | issue = 6 | pages = 561–7 | year = 1989 ...rphan binds to nicotinic receptors in frog eggs ([[Xenopus]] [[oocytes]]), human embryonic kidney cells and mouse tissue. It inhibits the antinociceptive (p

...hould be avoided by patients with [[peptic ulcer]] disease or poor [[Renal physiology|kidney function]], since this medication can irritate both conditions. Eto ...lip]]s, [[tongue]], [[throat]], [[hand]]s, [[Foot|feet]], [[ankle]]s, or [[Human leg|lower leg]]s, [[fever]] or [[Rigor (medicine)|chills]], [[blister]]s, [

...these developments were the significant advances in [[pharmacology]] and [[physiology]] which led to the development of general anesthesia and the control of pai ...th the view of ascertaining its probable utility in surgical operations on human subjects''. The response was an 1826 article in [[The Lancet]] titled 'Surg

...ed+after+human+bones+found+on+site/article.do Crossrail work stopped after human bones found on site]," ''London Evening Standard''</ref> Such spores can be ...se is more common in developing countries without widespread veterinary or human public health programs.

...evelopment.<ref>{{cite journal | author=Prentice A | title=Constituents of human milk | journal=Food and Nutrition Bulletin | volume=17 | url=http://www.unu | title = Animal chemistry: with reference to the physiology and pathology of man

...vg|right|thumb|250pc|Most [[endocrine]] [[hormone]]s are controlled by a [[physiology|physiologic]] negative feedback inhibition loop, such as the [[glucocortico ...regulation and [[erythropoiesis]]. Many biological process (e.g., in the [[human anatomy]]) use negative feedback. Examples of this are numerous, from the r

...c | last2 = Bartholomew | first2 = Edwin | title = Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology | publisher = [[Benjamin Cummings]] | location = San Francisco | year = 200 ...esponse of the skin and muscle tissue to external and internal [[Stimulus (physiology)|stimuli]], the conductance can vary by several [[siemens (unit)|microsieme