Search results

• Spectinomycin
  ...[[ribosome|ribosomal]] subunit in invading bacteria and interrupts protein synthesis. ...|author=Kehrenberg C, Schwarz S |title=Mutations in 16S rRNA and ribosomal protein S5 associated with high-level spectinomycin resistance in Pasteurella multo
  3 KB (327 words) - 16:41, 27 September 2010
• Dexamethasone
  * Muscle atrophy, negative protein balance ([[catabolism]]) ==Synthesis==
  18 KB (2,498 words) - 16:41, 27 September 2010
• Clindamycin
  ...s]]).<ref>{{cite journal |author=Gemmell CG, O'Dowd A |title=Regulation of protein A biosynthesis in Staphylococcus aureus by certain antibiotics: its effect Clindamycin has a [[bacteriostatic]] effect. It is a bacterial [[protein synthesis inhibitor]] by inhibiting [[ribosomal translocation]],<ref>[http://sitemake
  25 KB (3,261 words) - 14:17, 11 September 2010
• Chloramphenicol
  Because it functions by inhibiting bacterial [[protein]] synthesis, chloramphenicol has a very broad spectrum of activity: it is active agains ...y lipid soluble, it remains relatively [[plasma protein binding|unbound to protein]] and is a small molecule: it has a large apparent [[volume of distribution
  29 KB (3,876 words) - 16:42, 27 September 2010
• Erythromycin
  ...roup, posthumously reported the first stereocontrolled asymmetric chemical synthesis of Erythromycin A. == Synthesis ==
  19 KB (2,731 words) - 17:52, 18 September 2010
• Gentamicin
  ...ng the [[30S]] subunit of the bacterial [[ribosome]], interrupting protein synthesis. ...lure]].<ref>Sundin DP, Sandoval R, Molitoris BA: Gentamicin Inhibits Renal Protein and Phospholipid Metabolism in Rats: Implications Involving Intracellular T
  9 KB (1,199 words) - 16:43, 27 September 2010
• Vancomycin
  Vancomycin biosynthesis occurs via different nonribosomal protein synthases (NRPSs).<ref name="pmid18414736">{{cite journal |author=Samel SA, ...6">{{cite journal |author=Kohli RM, Walsh CT, Burkart MD |title=Biomimetic synthesis and optimization of cyclic peptide antibiotics |journal=Nature |volume=418
  31 KB (4,198 words) - 16:43, 27 September 2010
• Rifampicin
  ...inia virus: effects of rifampin on the intracellular distribution of viral protein p65 |journal=J. Virol. |volume=68 |issue=2 |pages=1103–14 |year=1994 |mon ...n interacts with the β subunit of RNA polymerase when it is in an α2β [[protein trimer|trimer]]. This halts [[messenger rna|mRNA]] [[Transcription (genetic
  18 KB (2,471 words) - 16:43, 27 September 2010
• Isoniazid
  ...11 | year = 1972 | doi = 10.1007/BF00771896 | pages = 696–698 | title = Synthesis of isoniazid from 4-cyanopyridine | author = T. P. Sycheva, T. N. Pavlova a ...trate and the action of [[fatty acid synthase]]. This process inhibits the synthesis of [[mycolic acid]], required for the [[mycobacterium|mycobacterial]] cell
  12 KB (1,566 words) - 16:43, 27 September 2010
• Streptomycin
  Streptomycin is a [[protein synthesis inhibitor]]. It binds to the S12 Protein of the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, interfering with the binding | title = Mutational analysis of S12 protein and implications for the accuracy of decoding by the ribosome
  9 KB (1,069 words) - 15:06, 6 July 2010
• Kanamycin
  ...n synthesis]]<ref>Pestka, S.: "The Use of Inhibitors in Studies on Protein Synthesis", Methods in Enzymology 30, pp.261-282, 1975</ref><ref>Misumi, M. & Tanaka, ...f> is native to a plant species, of comparatively large size and its coded protein acts in a manner which decreases the possibility of [[Horizontal Gene Trans
  4 KB (503 words) - 16:44, 27 September 2010
• Ciprofloxacin
  ...s that cause DNA to rewind after being copied, which stops DNA and protein synthesis. ...ides, Mercapto-1,2,4-triazole, Oxadiazoline and α-Amino Ester Precursors: Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity |journal=J. Braz. Chem. Soc |volume=14 |issue=5
  88 KB (11,930 words) - 16:46, 27 September 2010
• Azithromycin
  ...inhibits [[translation (biology)|translation]] of [[mRNA]]. Nucleic acid synthesis is not affected.
  15 KB (2,008 words) - 16:46, 27 September 2010
• Metformin
  First [[chemical synthesis|synthesized]] and found to reduce blood sugar in the 1920s, metformin was f ...fic literature in 1922, by Emil Werner and James Bell, as a product in the synthesis of ''N'',''N''-dimethylguanidine.<ref name = werner>{{vcite journal |author
  66 KB (8,976 words) - 16:47, 27 September 2010
• Aspirin
  ...to prepare acetylsalicylic acid in 1853. In the course of his work on the synthesis and properties of various [[acid anhydride]]s, he mixed [[acetyl chloride]] ...d [[thromboxane]]s.<ref>{{Cite journal|title = Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis as a mechanism of action for aspirin-like drugs|author = John Robert Vane|
  78 KB (10,918 words) - 16:52, 27 September 2010
• Dopamine
  In [[neuron]]s, dopamine is packaged after synthesis into [[Vesicle (biology)|vesicles]], which are then released into the [[syn ...[[polymerisation|polymerise]] and [[condense]] with [[amino acid]]s and [[protein]]s to form brown [[biological pigment|pigments]] known as [[melanin]]s. The
  48 KB (6,470 words) - 16:48, 27 September 2010
• Glucose
  ...ose sugars, to react non-specifically with the [[amine|amino]] groups of [[protein]]s. This reaction ([[glycation]]) reduces or destroys the function of many Glucose is critical in the production of [[protein]]s and in [[lipid]] metabolism. In plants and most animals, it is also a [[
  23 KB (3,050 words) - 16:52, 27 September 2010
• Cortisol
  ...gar]] through gluconeogenesis, suppress the immune system, and aid in fat, protein, and carbohydrate metabolism.<ref>First Aid USMLE Step 1 2009, Tao Le et al ....<ref>{{cite pmid|17426391}}</ref> However cortisol increases [[glycogen]] synthesis ([[glycogenesis]]) in the [[liver]].<ref>Baynes, J., Dominiczak, M., Medica
  41 KB (5,644 words) - 16:50, 27 September 2010
• Ibuprofen
  ...uresis]] is theoretically beneficial. However, because ibuprofen is highly protein bound in the blood, there is minimal renal excretion of unchanged drug. For ===Synthesis===
  29 KB (3,955 words) - 22:17, 21 September 2010
• Epinephrine
  ...m ions to enter the cytoplasm. Calcium ions bind to calmodulin proteins, a protein present in all eukaryotic cells, which then binds to Phosphorylase Kinase a ...increases the expression of PNMT in chromaffin cells, enhancing adrenaline synthesis. This is most often done in response to stress.{{Citation needed|date=April
  22 KB (2,916 words) - 16:50, 27 September 2010
• Morphine
  ...sic in the world until heroin was synthesized and came into use. Until the synthesis of [[dihydromorphine]] (ca. 1900), the dihydromorphinone class of opioids ( ...ormula of morphine was determined by 1925. At least three methods of total synthesis of morphine from starting materials such as coal tar and petroleum distilla
  87 KB (12,376 words) - 16:51, 27 September 2010
• Abrus precatorius
  ...toxin into the cell. Once inside the cell, the A chain prevents [[protein synthesis]] by inactivating the 26S subunit of the [[ribosome]]. One molecule of abri
  6 KB (847 words) - 12:26, 7 July 2010
• Tetracycline
  ...ia]], indicated for use against many bacterial infections. It is a protein synthesis inhibitor. It is commonly used to treat [[Acne vulgaris|acne]] today, and, * May interfere with [[methotrexate]] by displacing it from the various protein binding sites
  11 KB (1,417 words) - 21:55, 19 September 2010
• Pentoxifylline
  ...15634873 | url=http://www.jimmunol.org/cgi/content/full/174/2/589 }}</ref> synthesis, and [[Anti-inflammatory|reduces inflammation]] and [[innate immunity]] <re
  7 KB (885 words) - 09:43, 20 September 2010
• Latex
  ...rev.ecolsys.110308.120307}}</ref> It is a complex emulsion consisting of [[protein]]s, [[alkaloid]]s, [[starch]]es, [[sugar]]s, [[Vegetable oil|oil]]s, [[tann It can also be made [[chemical synthesis|synthetically]] by [[polymerization|polymerizing]] a [[monomer]] as [[styre
  10 KB (1,416 words) - 10:08, 20 September 2010
• Polymer nanocomposite
  ...e surface areas and short distances for the analyte to approach the sensor protein. ...ies changing the size of nanoparticles, which can be controlled during the synthesis. In the case of polymer nanocomposites we can utilize the properties of dis
  15 KB (2,273 words) - 10:09, 20 September 2010
• Biopolymer
  ...]s produced by living organisms. [[Cellulose]], [[starch]], [[chitin]], [[protein]]s, [[peptide]]s, [[DNA]] and [[RNA]] are all examples of biopolymers, in ...olymers spontaneously fold into characteristic compact shapes (see also "[[protein folding]]" as well as [[secondary structure]] and [[tertiary structure]]),
  68 KB (9,959 words) - 10:10, 20 September 2010
• Polymer
  ...plastic]]s and [[elastomer]]s to natural biopolymers such as [[DNA]] and [[protein]]s that are essential for life. A simple example is [[polyethylene]], whose Despite significant advances in synthesis and characterization of polymers, a correct understanding of polymer molecu
  45 KB (6,501 words) - 10:11, 20 September 2010
• Polyprenol
  ...The [[dolichol]] phosphate cycle plays a major role in the [[Biosynthesis|synthesis]] of [[glycoproteins]]. ...interactions of cells, support the immune system and the stabilization of protein molecules. Out of all these [[glycoproteins]], polyglycoprotein has the cap
  9 KB (1,206 words) - 10:11, 20 September 2010
• Nanofluidic Circuitry
  ...nnel<ref>Karnik, R.; Castelino, K.; Majumdar, A.; "Field-effect control of protein transport in a nanofluidic transistor circuit." ''Appl. Phys. Lett.'' 88, Application also can be found in synthesis of fibers. Polymer fibers can be created by electrospinning the monomers at
  23 KB (3,367 words) - 10:12, 20 September 2010
• Coffea
  ...thor=Montavon P, Duruz E, Rumo G, Pratz G |title=Evolution of green coffee protein profiles with maturation and relationship to coffee cup quality |journal=J. ...ca L.) development: implications for in vivo modification of galactomannan synthesis |journal=Planta |volume=217 |issue=2 |pages=316–26 |year=2003 |month=June
  29 KB (4,179 words) - 10:14, 20 September 2010
• Kefir
  ...r grains are a combination of [[bacteria]] and [[yeast]]s in a matrix of [[protein]]s, [[lipid]]s, and [[sugar]]s. This symbiotic matrix forms "grains" that r [[Milk sugar]] is, however, not essential for the synthesis of the polysaccharide that makes up the grains ([[kefiran]]), and studies h
  12 KB (1,755 words) - 19:38, 13 October 2010
• Kevlar
  Kevlar is [[Chemical synthesis|synthesized]] in solution from the [[monomer]]s 1,4-[[phenylene]]-di[[amine [[Image:Kevlar chemical synthesis.png|center|566px|The reaction of 1,4-phenylene-diamine (''para''-phenylened
  14 KB (1,990 words) - 10:16, 20 September 2010
• Iron
  ...mans. The color of blood is due to the [[hemoglobin]], an iron-containing protein. As illustrated by hemoglobin, iron often is bound to [[Cofactor (biochemi ...ron complexes and magnetic iron oxides, and as a reducing agent in organic synthesis.
  67 KB (9,808 words) - 10:24, 20 September 2010
• Fever
  ...r-β]], [[macrophage inflammatory protein]]-α and macrophage inflammatory protein-β as well as [[interferon-α]], [[IFN-β|interferon-β]], and [[Interferon ...[[CD14]] receptor of a nearby [[macrophage]]. This binding results in the synthesis and release of various endogenous [[cytokine]] factors, such as interleukin
  27 KB (3,703 words) - 20:20, 20 September 2010
• Antineoplastic
  ...being unwound, which is required for both DNA replication and RNA/protein synthesis.
  4 KB (488 words) - 21:30, 20 September 2010
• Carbon monoxide poisoning
  Hemoglobin is a [[Tetrameric protein|tetramer]] with four oxygen binding sites. The binding of carbon monoxide a ...nterferes with aerobic metabolism and efficient [[adenosine triphosphate]] synthesis. Cells respond by switching to [[anaerobic metabolism]], causing [[Hypoxia
  71 KB (9,723 words) - 21:31, 20 September 2010
• Formaldehyde
  ==Synthesis and industrial production== Formaldehyde was first [[Chemical synthesis|reported]] by the [[Russia]]n chemist [[Aleksandr Butlerov]] (1828–86) an
  34 KB (4,726 words) - 21:35, 20 September 2010
• Ethylenediamine
  ...emistry)|basic]] [[amine]]. It is a widely used building block in chemical synthesis, with approximately 500,000,000&nbsp;kg being produced in 1998.<ref name=Ul ==Synthesis==
  9 KB (1,089 words) - 20:14, 21 September 2010
• Porphyrin
  ...is [[heme]], the pigment in red [[blood cell]]s. Heme is a cofactor of the protein hemoglobin. They are heterocyclic [[macrocycle]]s composed of four modifie .... Some iron-containing porphyrins are called [[heme]]s. Heme-containing [[protein]]s, or ''[[hemoprotein]]s'', are found extensively in nature. [[Hemoglobin
  12 KB (1,605 words) - 20:15, 21 September 2010
• Citric acid
  ...ry)|compound]]s involved in the [[physiological]] [[oxidation]] of fats, [[protein]]s, and [[carbohydrate]]s to carbon dioxide and water. Citric acid is one of the chemicals required for the synthesis of [[Hexamethylene triperoxide diamine|HMTD]], a highly heat-, friction-, a
  20 KB (2,855 words) - 20:16, 21 September 2010
• Hydrolysis
  ...eactions, which do not occur alone, that can be driven in the direction of synthesis when the phosphate bonds have undergone hydrolysis. ...mes that aid [[digestion]] by causing hydrolysis of [[peptide bond]]s in [[protein]]s. They catalyze the hydrolysis of interior peptide bonds in peptide chain
  14 KB (2,113 words) - 20:16, 21 September 2010
• Acid dissociation constant
  ...ifluoromethyl)phenyl, a Sterically Crowded and Electron-withdrawing Group: Synthesis and Acidity of Pentakis(trifluoromethyl)benzene, -toluene, -phenol, and -an }}</ref> [[Protein pKa calculations|Protein p''K''a values]] cannot always be measured directly, but may be calculated
  76 KB (11,861 words) - 20:17, 21 September 2010
• Hemoglobin
  | image_source = Structure of human hemoglobin. The protein's <font color = "red">'''α'''</font> and <font color = "blue">'''β'''</fo In mammals the protein makes up about 97% of the red blood cell's dry content, and around 35% of t
  67 KB (9,844 words) - 20:17, 21 September 2010
• Coordination complex
  [[Image:Copper complex.jpg|frame|right|Synthesis of copper(II)-tetraphenylporphyrin, a metal complex, from tetraphenylporphy :Example: [[Iron-sulfur protein|[Fe₄S₄(Scysteinyl)₄]²⁻]], in
  25 KB (3,677 words) - 20:18, 21 September 2010
• List of cutaneous conditions
  ...nd elastic tissue are caused by problems in the regulation of [[collagen]] synthesis and/or degradation.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Ushiki T |title=Collagen fib *[[Protein contact dermatitis]]
  177 KB (19,269 words) - 21:05, 21 September 2010
• List of diseases (P)
  * [[Palmitoyl-protein thioesterase deficiency]] * [[Plasmalogenes synthesis deficiency isolated]]
  22 KB (1,911 words) - 21:07, 21 September 2010
• Phosphate homeostasis
  ...iven protein can change the function, association, or localization of that protein. ...5-0674(92)90035-B }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | author=Nishizuka Y | title=Protein kinase C and lipid signaling for sustained cellular responses | journal=FAS
  63 KB (9,050 words) - 21:26, 21 September 2010
• Lymphatic System Assessment
  *collect and return fluid and plasma protein to the blood which will help maintain fluid balance ...ular red marrow and a yellow fatty marrow. In the bone marrow is where the synthesis of stem cells occur.
  14 KB (2,113 words) - 21:26, 21 September 2010
• Endothelium
  ...anuary | pmid = 15643116 | doi = | url = | issn = }}</ref> The signalling protein [[ERK5]] is essential for maintaining normal endothelial cell function <ref
  6 KB (830 words) - 21:28, 21 September 2010

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