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• Polyphosphate
  ...takes place is known as a [[condensation reaction]]. Phosphate [[chemical bond]]s are typically high-energy [[covalent]] bonds, which means that energy is
  6 KB (770 words) - 10:09, 20 September 2010
• Molecular imprinted polymer
  ...-)[[covalent bond]]s: [[Hydrogen bond]]s, [[Van der Waals bond]]s, [[ionic bond]]s, [[hydrophobic interaction]]s, [[pi-pi interaction]]s *[[Chemical extraction]] of target molecule and [[hydrolysis]] of [[covalent bond]]s
  4 KB (446 words) - 10:09, 20 September 2010
• Superabsorbent polymer
  ...ence of valent cations in the solution will impede the polymers ability to bond with the water molecule.
  9 KB (1,214 words) - 10:09, 20 September 2010
• Applied spectroscopy
  ...em]] of bonds, [[carbonyl group]]s and so on. [[NMR spectroscopy]] detects hydrogen atoms in specific environments, and complements both IR and UV spectroscopy ...nown as [[ozonolysis]] when one molecule of the gas reacts with the double bond:
  7 KB (1,065 words) - 10:09, 20 September 2010
• Biopolymer
  ...polymers can be linear or branched are typically joined with [[glycosidic bond]]s. However, the exact placement of the linkage can vary and the orientatio ...menon known as retrogradation is observed. This is a reorganization of the hydrogen bonds and an aligning of the molecular chains during cooling. In extreme ca
  68 KB (9,959 words) - 10:10, 20 September 2010
• Polybutene
  ...atalyzed carbocationic polymerization typically using aluminum chloride or hydrogen halide acid such as HF. So called "high reactivity" polybutene or PIB is pr One of the end units in the polymer chain contains a double bond, allowing reactivity with other compounds to provide functional chemistry m
  4 KB (554 words) - 10:10, 20 September 2010
• Fire-safe polymers
  ...stiffness]], the use of [[Chemical polarity|polar]] [[monomers]], and/or [[hydrogen bonding]] between the [[polymer]] chains can all enhance fire-resistance.<r ...om heat because the chains do not necessarily fall apart if one [[covalent bond]] is broken. However, this makes the processing of ladder [[polymers]] diff
  17 KB (2,260 words) - 10:10, 20 September 2010
• Thermoplastic elastomer
  ...astomer polymers is a weaker [[Intermolecular force|dipole]] or [[hydrogen bond]] or takes place in one of the phases of the material.
  11 KB (1,609 words) - 10:10, 20 September 2010
• Silicone rubber
  ...tself a [[polymer]] — containing [[silicon]] together with [[carbon]], [[hydrogen]], and [[oxygen]]. ...[[polyoxymethylene]] (a structurally similar polymer) due to its higher [[bond energy]].
  8 KB (1,198 words) - 10:10, 20 September 2010
• Supramolecular polymers
  ...ntEd 1998 v37 p75.jpg|thumbnail|250px|An example of a quadruple [[hydrogen bond]]s reported by Meijer and coworkers in Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1998, 37, p 75 ...bonding. One system that has been demonstrated uses quadruple [[hydrogen bond]]s to form supramolecular polymers.
  1 KB (131 words) - 10:10, 20 September 2010
• Polymer
  ...eating [[structural unit]]s typically connected by [[covalent]] [[chemical bond]]s. While ''polymer'' in popular usage suggests [[plastic]], the term actua ...polysaccharide]]s (e.g. [[cellulose]]) are joined together by [[glycosidic bond]]s via oxygen atoms.
  45 KB (6,501 words) - 10:11, 20 September 2010
• Coordination polymers
  ...ial applications for [[metal-organic framework]]s (MOF's) in areas such as hydrogen storage. ...intermolecular force]]s tend to be weak, with a long equilibrium distance (bond length) compared to [[covalent bonds]]. The pi-pi interactions between [[b
  23 KB (3,302 words) - 10:11, 20 September 2010
• Syrup
  ...to deposit [[crystal]]s. The viscosity arises from the multiple [[hydrogen bond]]s between the dissolved sugar, which has many [[hydroxyl]] (OH) groups, an
  7 KB (1,018 words) - 10:11, 20 September 2010
• Polyethylene
  ...the [[repeating unit]]. Note, however, that the C−H [[Molecular geometry|bond angles]] are not 90° as this diagram would indicate, but are approximately ...tween the two systems is due to the ''opening up'' of the monomer's double bond upon polymerization.
  20 KB (2,802 words) - 10:11, 20 September 2010
• Graphane
  ...p''³ configuration, as opposed to graphene's ''sp''² bond configuration, thus graphane is a 2-D analog of cubic [[diamond]]. Graphan ...contrast to two-sided graphane.<ref name="Graphane"/> Annealing allows the hydrogen to disperse, reverting to graphene.<ref>[[Kostya Novoselov]]. "Beyond the w
  2 KB (265 words) - 10:12, 20 September 2010
• Petroleum
  |Hydrogen || 10 to 14% ...hydrogen, these processes generally involve removing carbon from or adding hydrogen to the molecules, and using [[fluid catalytic cracking]] to convert the lon
  69 KB (9,885 words) - 10:12, 20 September 2010
• Metal
  ...tions between the ions and the electron cloud, which are called [[metallic bond]]s.<ref name="morty">{{cite book| author = Mortimer, Charles E.|title = Che ...ae]]. The [[Sun]] and the [[Milky Way Galaxy]] are composed of roughly 74% hydrogen, 24% helium, and 2% "metals" (the rest of the elements; atomic numbers 3-11
  24 KB (3,311 words) - 10:13, 20 September 2010
• Metallic bond
  [[Image:Metallic bond Zn.svg|thumb|right|200px|Metallic bonding is found in metals like [[zinc]]. ...title -->]</ref><ref>[http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/chemical/bond.html Chemical Bonds<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>[http://www.phys
  26 KB (4,024 words) - 10:13, 20 September 2010
• Polystyrene
  .../sub>)_n; it contains the [[chemical elements]] [[carbon]] and [[hydrogen]]. Because it is an [[aromatic hydrocarbon]], it burns with an orange-yello ...ttach to form a polystyrene chain (with each carbon attached with a single bond to two other carbons and a phenyl group).
  36 KB (5,017 words) - 10:14, 20 September 2010
• Coffea
  ...Lee KJ, Jeong HG |title=Protective effects of kahweol and cafestol against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress and DNA damage |journal=Toxicol. Lett. |v ...ulic acid]] and 3,4 dimethoxycinnamic acid which are connected by an ester-bond to the [[hydroxyl]] groups of [[quinic acid]] (1alpha, 3R, 4alpha, 5R-tetra
  29 KB (4,179 words) - 10:14, 20 September 2010
• Heatsetting
  of the molecules is produced which leads to the bursting of the hydrogen bridges; ...he moisture balance occurring within the yarn, salt is liberated again and hydrogen bridges are formed. Now the individual polypeptide chains can no longer be
  16 KB (2,532 words) - 10:15, 20 September 2010
• Chemical substance
  ...(molecule)|water]]; it has the same properties and the same [[ratio]] of [[hydrogen]] to [[oxygen]] whether it is isolated from a river or made in a [[laborato ...structure|crystalline lattice]]. Compounds based primarily on carbon and hydrogen atoms are called [[organic compound]]s, and all others are called [[inorgan
  15 KB (2,242 words) - 10:17, 20 September 2010
• Calcium hydroxide
  ...motif as [[cadmium iodide]]. The layers are interconnected by [[hydrogen bond]]s.
  10 KB (1,311 words) - 10:20, 20 September 2010
• Drywall
  ...aged by exposure to water. While it can be waterproofed through [[Covalent bond|covalent]] [[waterproofing]], if waterproofing is absent or if the waterpro * Blueboard, blue face paper forms a strong bond with a skim coat or a built-up plaster finish providing both water and mold
  32 KB (4,776 words) - 10:23, 20 September 2010
• 2-Aminophenol
  ...industrially synthesized by reducing the corresponding [[nitrophenol]] by hydrogen in the presence of various catalysts. The nitrophenols can also be reduced The compound contains an internal [[hydrogen bonding|hydrogen bond]] between the neighbouring amine and hydroxyl groups that partly co-ordinat
  4 KB (476 words) - 13:11, 20 September 2010
• Safranin
  ...tionic component of a tecton used to build a porous [[anionic]] [[Hydrogen Bond]]ed Network. ({{doi|10.1021/ja042233m}})
  5 KB (638 words) - 13:12, 20 September 2010
• Dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene
  ...hydrogen atoms removed from carbon number 2, leaving two vacant [[chemical bond]]s — which makes it a [[carbene]].
  3 KB (337 words) - 13:16, 20 September 2010
• Ethylene oxide
  The epoxy cycle of ethylene oxide is an almost regular triangle with bond angles of about 60° and a significant angular stress corresponding to the ...nergy required to break two C–O bonds in the ethylene oxide or one C–O bond in [[ethanol]] and [[dimethyl ether]]:<ref>{{cite book
  82 KB (11,709 words) - 21:31, 20 September 2010
• Benzene
  ...]-[[annulene]] ([6]-annulene), a cyclic hydrocarbon with a continuous [[pi bond]]. It is also related to the functional group [[arene]] which is a generali ...uthor= [[Michael Faraday|M. Faraday]]|title=On New Compounds of Carbon and Hydrogen, and on Certain Other Products Obtained during the Decomposition of Oil by
  45 KB (6,444 words) - 21:33, 20 September 2010
• Arsenic
  ...e in which each atom is bound to each of the other three atoms by a single bond. This unstable allotrope, being molecular, is the most volatile, least [[De ...m sulfur and other chalcogens is achieved by sublimation in vacuum or in a hydrogen atmosphere or by distillation from molten lead-arsenic mixture.<ref>{{cite
  51 KB (7,314 words) - 21:34, 20 September 2010
• Chromium
  Chromium, unlike metals such as iron and nickel, does not suffer from [[hydrogen embrittlement]]. However, it does suffer from nitrogen embrittlement, react Chromium(VI) compounds in solution can be detected by adding an acidic [[hydrogen peroxide]] solution. The unstable dark blue [[chromium(VI) peroxide]] (CrO<
  51 KB (7,299 words) - 21:34, 20 September 2010
• Formaldehyde
  ...hyde is a naturally occurring substance in the environment made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Natural processes in the upper [[Earth's atmosphere|atmosphere] When combined with hydrogen sulfide it forms [[trithiane]].<ref>{{OrgSynth | last1 = Bost | first1 = R.
  34 KB (4,726 words) - 21:35, 20 September 2010
• Porphin
  ...of four [[pyrrole]] rings joined together by four methine (=[[Carbon|C]][[Hydrogen|H]]&mdash;) [[functional group|group]]s to form a larger [[macrocycle]] rin ...m]]s, all of which are part of a [[Conjugated system|conjugated]] [[double bond]] system, giving the [[molecule]] its aromatic character. [[Resonance stru
  3 KB (467 words) - 20:14, 21 September 2010
• Catechol
  Catechol is produced industrially by the hydroxylation of [[phenol]] using [[hydrogen peroxide]]:<ref name=Ullmann>Helmut Fiegel, Heinz-Werner Voges, Toshikazu H ...derivative, [[guaiacol]], converts to catechol via hydrolysis of the CH3-O bond as promoted by [[hydriodic acid]].{{Fact|date=October 2007}}
  11 KB (1,437 words) - 20:14, 21 September 2010
• 1,2-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane
  | title = Mechanism of Phosphorus-Carbon Bond Cleavage by Lithium in Tertiary Phosphines. An Optimized Synthesis of 1, 2- Treatment of dppe with conventional oxidants such as [[hydrogen peroxide]] (H₂O₂), aqueous [[bromine]] (Br<sub>2</sub
  5 KB (722 words) - 20:14, 21 September 2010
• Pentetic acid
  ...limited coordination capacity and can form less than eight [[coordination bond]]s with [[ligand]]s. So, after forming a complex with a metal, DTPA still h ..., DTPA is mainly used for sequestering metal ions that otherwise decompose hydrogen peroxide, which is used to bleach pulp in paper making. Several million ki
  6 KB (825 words) - 20:15, 21 September 2010
• Acetylacetone
  ...high in nonpolar solvents; the keto form becomes more favorable in polar, hydrogen-bonding solvents, such as water.<ref>''Solvents and Solvent Effects in Orga ...ons, D.W. and Steiner, W. "Acetylacetone-Cleaving Enzyme Dke1: A Novel C-C-Bond-Cleaving Enzyme." Biochem. J. 369 (2003) 573-581 {{DOI|10.1042/BJ20021047}}
  16 KB (2,268 words) - 20:15, 21 September 2010
• Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
  ...p> adopt more complex structures due to (i) the formation of an additional bond to water, i.e. seven-coordinate complexes, or (ii) the displacement of one ...specially Mn²⁺, from catalyzing the [[disproportionation]] of [[hydrogen peroxide]], which is used in "chlorine-free bleaching." In similar manner,
  21 KB (3,011 words) - 16:51, 27 September 2010
• Partition coefficient
  ...camethylferrocene attached mechanically to a graphite electrode | author = Bond AM, Marken F | title = Mechanistic aspects of the electron and ion transpor ...get reasonable correlations, the most common elements contained in drugs (hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, and halogens) are divided into several d
  27 KB (3,780 words) - 20:16, 21 September 2010
• Hydrolysis
  ...molecules of [[water (molecule)|water]] (H₂O) are split into [[hydrogen]] [[cation]]s (H⁺) (conventionally referred to as [[proton]]s) a ...mpounds). It should not be confused with [[hydrogenolysis]], a reaction of hydrogen.
  14 KB (2,113 words) - 20:16, 21 September 2010
• Stability constants of complexes
  ...petition for the ligand, L, between the metal ion, Mⁿ⁺, and the hydrogen ion, H⁺. This means that there are two simultaneous equilibria t Hence by following the hydrogen ion concentration during a [[titration]] of a mixture of M and HL with [[Ba
  50 KB (7,450 words) - 20:16, 21 September 2010
• Dissociation constant
  ...intermolecular interactions]] between the two molecules such as [[hydrogen bond]]ing, [[electrostatic| electrostatic interactions]], [[hydrophobic]] and [[
  10 KB (1,434 words) - 20:16, 21 September 2010
• Acid dissociation constant
  ...cetate]] ion and the [[hydronium]] ion. Red: oxygen, black: carbon, white: hydrogen.]] ...to A⁻, known as the [[conjugate base]] of the acid, and the [[hydrogen ion]] or [[proton]], H⁺, which, in the case of aqueous solutions
  76 KB (11,861 words) - 20:17, 21 September 2010
• Acid–base reaction
  ...ulfide|H₂S]], [[hydrogen telluride|H₂Te]], and the [[hydrogen halide|hydrohalic acids]]. However, Davy failed to develop a new theory, co === Liebig's hydrogen theory of acids ===
  29 KB (4,415 words) - 20:17, 21 September 2010
• Self-ionization of water
  ::[H₃O⁺] = molarity of hydrogen or hydronium ion, and ...ter molecules by the [[Grotthuss mechanism]]; and a change in the hydrogen bond network in the solvent isolates the two ions, which are stabilized by solva
  9 KB (1,347 words) - 20:17, 21 September 2010
• Raoult's law
  This law is strictly valid only under the assumption that the [[chemical bond|chemical interactions]] ''between'' the two liquids is equal to the bonding ...chloroform and acetone show such an attraction by formation of a hydrogen bond.
  11 KB (1,748 words) - 20:17, 21 September 2010
• Dissociation (chemistry)
  ...ut in water, a [[covalent]] bond between an [[electronegative]] atom and a hydrogen atom is broken by [[heterolytic fission]], which gives a proton and a negat
  7 KB (979 words) - 20:17, 21 September 2010
• Brønsted–Lowry acid-base theory
  ...ase (chemistry)|base]] is a species with the ability to gain or "accept" a hydrogen cation (proton). ...or nitrogen atom with a lone pair of electrons that can be used to form a bond with a proton.
  6 KB (987 words) - 20:17, 21 September 2010
• Equilibrium chemistry
  ...s [[nitrogenase]]. Much energy is needed initially to break the N-N triple bond even though the overall reaction is exothermic. ...ecies of citric acid as a function of p H. Citric acid has three ionisable hydrogen atoms and thus three p K A values. Below the lowest p K A, the triply proto
  42 KB (6,675 words) - 20:17, 21 September 2010
• Hemoglobin
  ...in hemoglobin form alpha helices, connected by short non-helical segments. Hydrogen bonds stabilize the helical sections inside this protein, causing attractio ...ng. A sixth position can reversibly bind oxygen by a [[coordinate covalent bond]],<ref>[http://wikipremed.com/interdisciplinary_course.php?code=02130001000
  67 KB (9,844 words) - 20:17, 21 September 2010

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