Calcium gluconate
| Calcium gluconate | |
|---|---|
| File:Calcium gluconate.svg | |
| calcium (2R,3S,4R,5R)- 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate | |
| style="background: #F8EABA; text-align: center;" colspan="2" | Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 299-28-5 
|
| PubChem | 9290 |
| ChemSpider | 8932 |
| SMILES | Script error: No such module "collapsible list". |
| InChI | Script error: No such module "collapsible list". |
| InChI key | NEEHYRZPVYRGPP-QFKJHGNTBC |
| style="background: #F8EABA; text-align: center;" colspan="2" | Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C12H22CaO14 |
| Molar mass | 430.373 |
 (what is this?) (verify)Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) | |
| Infobox references | |
Calcium gluconate is a mineral supplement.
Contents
Uses
Hypocalcemia
It is the form of calcium most widely used in the treatment of hypocalcemia. This form of calcium is superior to calcium lactate, but it only contains 0.93%(930mg/100ml) calcium. Calcium gluconate is a salt of calcium and gluconic acid.
Magnesium sulfate overdose
It is also used to counteract an overdose of magnesium sulfate,[1] which is often administered to pregnant women in order to prophylactically prevent seizures (as in patient experiencing preeclampsia). Magnesium sulfate is also given to pregnant women who are experiencing premature labor in order to slow or stop their contractions. Excess magnesium sulfate results in magnesium sulfate toxicity, which results in both respiratory depression and a loss of deep tendon reflexes (hyporeflexia). Calcium gluconate is the antidote for magnesium sulfate toxicity.
Treatment of HF burns
Gel preparations of calcium gluconate are used to treat hydrofluoric acid burns.[2][3]
Use in Hyperkalemia
Calcium gluconate is also used as a cardioprotective agent in hyperkalemia. Though it does not have an effect on potassium levels in the blood, it reduces the excitability of cardiomyocytes thus lowering the likelihood of developing cardiac arrhythmias.
Side Effects
Calcium gluconate side effects include nausea, constipation, stomach upset. Extravasation of calcium gluconate can lead to cellulitis. It is also reported that this form of calcium increases renal plasma flow, diuresis, natriuresis, [4] [5] glomerular filtration rate,[6] and prostaglandin E2 and F1-alpha levels.[7]
Rapid intravenous injections of calcium gluconate may cause vasodilation, cardiac arrhythmias, decreased blood pressure, and bradycardia. Intramuscular injections may lead to local necrosis and abscess formation. [8]
References
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ar:غلوكونات الكالسيومde:Calciumgluconat fr:Pentahydroxyéthanoate de calcium hu:Kalcium-glukonát nl:Calciumgluconaat ja:グルコン酸カルシウム pt:Gluconato de cálcio
ru:Глюконат кальция- ↑ Omu AE, Al-Harmi J, Vedi HL, Mlechkova L, Sayed AF, Al-Ragum NS (2008). "Magnesium sulphate therapy in women with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia in Kuwait". Med Princ Pract. 17 (3): 227–32. doi:10.1159/000117797. PMID 18408392.
- ↑ el Saadi MS, Hall AH, Hall PK, Riggs BS, Augenstein WL, Rumack BH (1989). "Hydrofluoric acid dermal exposure". Vet Hum Toxicol. 31 (3): 243–7. PMID 2741315.
- ↑ Roblin I, Urban M, Flicoteau D, Martin C, Pradeau D (2006). "Topical treatment of experimental hydrofluoric acid skin burns by 2.5% calcium gluconate". J Burn Care Res. 27 (6): 889–94. doi:10.1097/01.BCR.0000245767.54278.09. PMID 17091088.
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