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Valproic acid also blocks the [[voltage-gated sodium channel]]s and T-type calcium channels. These mechanisms make valproic acid a broad spectrum anticonvulsa Valproate is a known folate antagonist, which can cause [[neural tube defects]]. Thus, folic acid supplements may

...ertensive]] and in the treatment of [[Angina pectoris|angina]]. Like other calcium channel blockers, amlodipine acts by relaxing the [[smooth muscle]] in the ...ine is an ionized compound (pKa=8.6), and its kinetic interaction with the calcium channel receptor is characterized by a gradual rate of association and diss

...elective [[beta-1 receptor|β₁ receptor]] [[receptor_antagonist|antagonist]], a [[drug]] belonging to the group of [[beta blockers]] (sometimes writte ...f additional negative impact on the muscular strength of the heart. Use of calcium-antagonists of the [[nifedipine]]-type is controversial..

...journal |author=Korpi ER, Kuner T, Seeburg PH, Lüddens H |title=Selective antagonist for the cerebellar granule cell-specific gamma-aminobutyric acid type A rec ...ration]] and [[electrolyte imbalance]], including loss of [[potassium]], [[calcium]], [[sodium]], and [[magnesium]]. It is especially important to prevent pot

* Duration of action prolonger in states of low potassium, calcium and protein, also in states of high magnesium and acidosis.

...[[secretion]]. It is a non-selective [[muscarinic]] [[Receptor antagonist|antagonist]], and does not diffuse into the blood, which prevents systemic side-effect

...calcium uptake in cortisol-treated chickens: evidence for dissociation of calcium absorption from brush border vesicle uptake |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. ...ng target cells.<ref>Davies E. Keyon, C.J.; Fraser, R. (1985) "The role of calcium ions in the mechanism of ACTH stimulation of cortisol synthesis." Steroids

...ate some counter-regulatory pathways responsible for opioid tolerance. CCK-antagonist drugs, specifically [[proglumide]], have been shown to slow the development ..., and [[methadone]] and its derivatives; all of these drugs also have NMDA antagonist properties. It is believed that the strong opioid with the most incomplete

...rations in human urine following single-dose administration of the calcium antagonist prenylamine-studies using fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) and

...bn=0198500904 }}</ref> Finding a drug which either blocks a receptor, an [[antagonist]] which forms a strong complex the receptor, or activate it, an [[agonist]] ...rd water]] is passed through the resin, the divalent ions of magnesium and calcium displace the sodium ions and are retained on the resin, R.

...e action of angiotensin II itself is targeted by [[angiotensin II receptor antagonist]]s, which directly block [[Angiotensin receptor|angiotensin II AT<sub>1</su | [[vasoconstriction]] || [[Voltage-dependent calcium channel|VDCC]]s → [[calcium|Ca²⁺]] influx

...PPH have been adapted from the primary pulmonary hypertension literature. Calcium channel blockers, b-blockers and nitrates have all been used – but the mo ...n with sildenafil.<ref>Wilkins et al.Sildenafil versus Endothelin Receptor Antagonist for Pulmonary Hypertension (SERAPH) study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005;

...kouts, the PLD-mediated cleavage of NAPE is reduced, not abolished, in low calcium concentrations, suggesting multiple, distinct pathways are involved in [[an ...|pmid=14978245 |doi=10.1124/mol.65.3.665}}</ref> In addition to acting on calcium channels, Gi/o and Gs, subunits of [[G protein-coupled receptors]], activat

...effects of the drug can be suppressed by the CB1 [[cannabinoid receptor]] antagonist [[rimonabant]] (SR141716A) as well as [[opioid receptor]] antagonists (opio ...hrough a mechanism not yet fully understood, the presence of post-synaptic calcium induces the production of endocannabinoids in the post-synaptic neuron. The

...ippelius A, Carrì MT, Nau R, Keller BU |title=Impairment of mitochondrial calcium handling in a mtSOD1 cell culture model of motoneuron disease |journal=[[BM ..., can cause excitotoxicity by allowing high levels of [[calcium in biology|calcium]] ions<ref name="Manev">Manev H, Favaron M, Guidotti A, and Costa E. Delaye

...e]] [[hallucinogen]]. Its [[mechanism of action]] is as an [[NMDA receptor antagonist]], producing effects similar to those of the controlled substances [[ketam ...MDA) antagonists--S(+)-ketamine, dextrorphan, and dextromethorphan--act as calcium antagonists on bovine cerebral arteries | journal = Journal of Neurosurgica

...NSAIDs plus a proton pump inhibitor, NSAIDs plus an H₂ receptor antagonist, NSAID plus misoprostol, diclofenac/misoprostol, and NSAID alone. In total ...imal tumor models.<ref>{{cite journal | author=Pyrko P. ''et al.'' | title=Calcium-activated endoplasmic reticulum stress as a major component of tumor cell d

...PK, Singh G|title=Halothane, isoflurane, xenon, and nitrous oxide inhibit calcium ATPase pump activity in rat brain synaptic plasma membranes|journal=Anesthe ...plication in treating brain injuries, since it is an [[Receptor antagonist|antagonist]] of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors ([[NMDA receptor]]s). These receptors e

...m salt of GHB has a salty taste.<ref name=GALL1/> Other salt forms such as calcium GHB and magnesium GHB have also been reported, but the sodium salt is by fa ...5 | title = Resuscitative Effect of a &gamma;-Aminobutyric Acid B Receptor Antagonist on &gamma;-Hydroxybutyric Acid Mortality in Mice | journal = Annals of Emer