Difference between revisions of "Dosage form"
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| − | A '''dosage form''' ('''DF''') is the [[physical property|physical]] form of a [[dose (biochemistry)|dose]] of a [[chemical compound]] used as a [[drug]] or [[medication]] intended for | + | A '''dosage form''' ('''DF''') is the [[physical property|physical]] form of a [[dose (biochemistry)|dose]] of a [[chemical compound]] used as a [[drug]] or [[medication]] intended for administration or consumption. Common dosage forms include [[pill (pharmacy)|pill]], [[tablet]], or [[capsule (pharmacy)|capsule]], [[drink]] or [[syrup]], [[aerosol spray|aerosol]] or [[inhaler]], [[injection (medicine)|liquid injection]], pure [[powder (substance)|powder]] or [[solid]] [[crystal]] (e.g., via [[oral]] [[ingestion]] or [[freebase (chemistry)|freebase]] [[smoking]]), and [[natural resource|natural]] or [[herbal]] form such as [[plant]] or [[food]] of sorts, among many others. Notably, the [[route of administration]] (ROA) for [[drug delivery]] is dependent on the dosage form of the [[chemical substance|substance]] in question. |
Various dosage forms may exist for a single particular drug, since different [[medical condition]]s can warrant different routes of administration. For example, persistent [[nausea]] and [[emesis]] or [[vomiting]] may make it difficult to use an [[oral]] dosage form, and in such a case, it may be necessary to utilize an alternate route such as [[inhalational]], [[buccal]], [[sublingual]], [[nasal]], [[suppository]], or [[parenteral]] instead. | Various dosage forms may exist for a single particular drug, since different [[medical condition]]s can warrant different routes of administration. For example, persistent [[nausea]] and [[emesis]] or [[vomiting]] may make it difficult to use an [[oral]] dosage form, and in such a case, it may be necessary to utilize an alternate route such as [[inhalational]], [[buccal]], [[sublingual]], [[nasal]], [[suppository]], or [[parenteral]] instead. | ||
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* [[Liquid]] [[solution]] or [[suspension (chemistry)|suspension]] (e.g., [[drink]] or [[syrup]]) | * [[Liquid]] [[solution]] or [[suspension (chemistry)|suspension]] (e.g., [[drink]] or [[syrup]]) | ||
* [[Powder (substance)|Powder]] or [[liquid crystal|liquid]] or [[solid]] [[crystal]]s | * [[Powder (substance)|Powder]] or [[liquid crystal|liquid]] or [[solid]] [[crystal]]s | ||
| − | * [[Natural resource|Natural]] or [[herbal]] [[plant]], [[seed]], or [[food]] of sorts | + | * [[Natural resource|Natural]] or [[herbal]] [[plant]], [[seed]], or [[food]] of sorts |
===Inhalational=== | ===Inhalational=== | ||
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* [[Inhaler]] | * [[Inhaler]] | ||
* [[Nebulizer]] | * [[Nebulizer]] | ||
| − | * [[Smoking]] (often in [[natural]] [[herb]] (e.g., [[tobacco | + | * [[Smoking]] (often in [[natural]] [[herb]] (e.g., [[tobacco]]) |
| − | * [[Vaporizer]] (usually to [[vaporize]] [[natural]] [[herb]]s | + | * [[powder (substance)|powder]] form |
| + | * [[Vaporizer]] (usually to [[vaporize]] [[natural]] [[herb]]s ) | ||
===Parenteral Injection=== | ===Parenteral Injection=== | ||
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[[Category:Pharmacology]] | [[Category:Pharmacology]] | ||
[[Category:Dosage forms]] | [[Category:Dosage forms]] | ||
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Latest revision as of 21:12, 30 April 2016
A dosage form (DF) is the physical form of a dose of a chemical compound used as a drug or medication intended for administration or consumption. Common dosage forms include pill, tablet, or capsule, drink or syrup, aerosol or inhaler, liquid injection, pure powder or solid crystal (e.g., via oral ingestion or freebase smoking), and natural or herbal form such as plant or food of sorts, among many others. Notably, the route of administration (ROA) for drug delivery is dependent on the dosage form of the substance in question.
Various dosage forms may exist for a single particular drug, since different medical conditions can warrant different routes of administration. For example, persistent nausea and emesis or vomiting may make it difficult to use an oral dosage form, and in such a case, it may be necessary to utilize an alternate route such as inhalational, buccal, sublingual, nasal, suppository, or parenteral instead.
Additionally, a specific dosage form may be a requirement for certain kinds of drugs, as there may be issues with various factors like chemical stability or pharmacokinetics. As an example, insulin cannot be given orally because upon being administered in this manner, it is extensively metabolized in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) before reaching the blood stream, and is thereby incapable of sufficiently reaching its therapeutic target destinations.
Contents
Types
Oral
- Pill, tablet, or capsule
- Specialty tablet like buccal, sublingual, or orally-disintegrating
- Thin film (e.g., Listerine PocketPaks)
- Liquid solution or suspension (e.g., drink or syrup)
- Powder or liquid or solid crystals
- Natural or herbal plant, seed, or food of sorts
Inhalational
- Aerosol
- Inhaler
- Nebulizer
- Smoking (often in natural herb (e.g., tobacco)
- powder form
- Vaporizer (usually to vaporize natural herbs )
Parenteral Injection
- Intradermal (ID)
- Intramuscular (IM)
- Intraosseous (IR)
- Intraperitoneal (IP)
- Intravenous (IV)
- Subcutaneous (SC)
Topical
- Cream, gel, liniment or balm, lotion, or ointment, etc
- Ear drops (otic)
- Eye drops (ophthalmic)
- Skin patch (transdermal)
Suppository
See also
References
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Routes of administration / Dosage forms | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Oral | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ocular / Otologic / Nasal | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Urogenital | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rectal (enteral) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dermal | Ointment · Liniment · Paste · Film · Hydrogel · Liposomes · Transfersome vesicals · Cream · Lotion · Lip balm · Medicated shampoo · Dermal patch · Transdermal patch · Transdermal spray · Jet injector | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Injection / Infusion (into tissue/blood) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Additional explanation: |
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