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...ill fluoresce in direct sunlight, due to its highly conjugated [[resonance structure]] (See [[Quinoline]]) ...Chloroquine on α9α10 Nicotinic Cholinergic Receptors |journal=Molecular Pharmacology |volume=68 |issue=3 |pages=822–829 |doi=10.1124/mol.105.0144

...istration] at [[Medscape]]</ref> it may also induce changes in the surface structure of bacteria that make them more sensitive to [[immune system]] attack ([[op ...eam from the [[Max Planck Society|Max Planck Working Groups for Structural Molecular Biology]], and published in the journal ''[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]''.<re

...al | author=Ren J, Bird LE, Chamberlain PP, ''et al.'' | year=2002 | title=Structure of HIV-2 reverse transcriptase at 2.35-A resolution and the mechanism of re ...b>2</sub>. Efavirenz is a white to slightly pink crystalline powder with a molecular mass of 315.68 g/mol. It is practically [[insoluble]] in water (<10 µg/mL)

...oi=10.1093/jac/dkh029 |pmid=14657084|issue=1}}</ref> The drug's molecular structure inhibits CYP3A4, so a low dose can be used to enhance other protease inhibi

*Skin and skin structure infections ...ancer agent. Indeed, a distinctive feature of drugs based on the quinolone structure is their remarkable ability to target different type II topoisomerase enzym

...g|heterocyclic]] [[aromaticity|aromatic]] [[chemical compound]] with the [[molecular formula]] [[carbon|C]]₁₆[[hydrogen|H]]₁₈[[nitrogen|N] * [[Phenothiazine]] structure

...ily of [[anthelmintics]]. The benzimidazole drugs share a common molecular structure, triclabendazole being the exception in having a chlorinated benzene ring b

| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure ==Structure and properties==

...a different mechanism. Amphetamines and [[methamphetamine]] are similar in structure to dopamine, and so can enter the terminal bouton of the presynaptic neuron ...resh fruits and vegetables when they are cut or bruised. These enzymes use molecular [[oxygen]] (O₂) to [[redox|oxidise]] various [[diphenol|1,2-diph

| ImageNameL1 = Skeletal structure | ImageNameR1 = Flat structure

| image = Amiloride structure.svg ==Structure==

| image = Epinephrine structure with descriptor.svg ...thor = Boron WF, Boulpaep EL | title = Medical Physiology: A Cellular And Molecular Approach | publisher = Elsevier/Saunders | location = Philadelphia, PA| yea

| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure ...At elevated temperatures, nitrous oxide is a powerful oxidizer similar to molecular oxygen.

...{cite journal |author=Dyer I, Low JN, Tollin P, Wilson HR, Howie RA |title=Structure of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine, AZT |journal=Acta Crystallogr C |volume=44 ( --><ref>{{cite journal | author=Mitsuya H, Yarchoan R, Broder S | title=Molecular targets for AIDS therapy. | journal=Science | volume=249 | issue=4976 | pag

...te book|url=http://books.google.com/?id=MtOiLVWBn8cC&pg=PA20|page=20|title=Molecular, clinical and environmental toxicology|author=Andreas Luch|publisher=Spring [[File:Morphine stereo structure.svg|frame|3D chemical structure of morphine. The [[benzylisoquinoline]] backbone is shown in blue.]]

...of mixing is large compared to that of an organic molecule with a similar structure. Heating alone is not enough to dissolve such a large molecule; because of

...web | url=http://etd.lsu.edu/docs/available/etd-04152004-101232/ | title=Molecular Systematics of the Cashew Family (Anacardiaceae) (PhD dissertation at Louis ...m in height. In some cases, Poison ivy may entirely engulf the supporting structure, and vines may extend outward like limbs, so that it appears to be a Poison

...s can be expected from such a large family, there is a wide variety in the structure of the flowers. They can be [[Plant sexuality|monoecious]] or [[Plant sexua Recent molecular studies have shown that the enigmatic family [[Rafflesiaceae]], which was o

...p;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Energy]] || '''1.1''' [[Atoms]] || '''1.1.1'''&nbsp;Structure&nbsp;and&nbsp;Properties&nbsp;of&nbsp;[[Atoms]] '''1.1.2'''&nbsp;[[atomic n ...hemical compound|Chemical&nbsp;Compounds]]:&nbsp;[[Molecule|Molecular&nbsp;Structure]]&nbsp;and&nbsp;[[Chemical Bond|Chemical&nbsp;Bonding]] '''1.2.3'''&nbsp;[[

|image=Tetracycline structure.svg ...ent the docking of amino-acylated tRNA. <ref>Alekshun, M. N. & Levy, S. B. Molecular Mechanisms of Antibacterial Multidrug Resistance. Cell, 128, 1037-1050 (200

...mical properties of a thiazide, lacking the [[benzothiadiazine]] molecular structure.

...ally active transition-state renin inhibitors. Designed through the use of molecular modeling techniques, it is a potent and specific in vitro inhibitor of huma ...developed orally bioavailable alkyl amines based solely on a computational structure-based design (molecule d)<ref name="ref 1"></ref>.

.../10.1126/science.1078239 Abstract]</ref>. These species are of interest as molecular approximations of the cubic diamond framework, terminated with C-H bonds. * [http://www.chevron.com/moleculardiamond/diamondtech/discovery.asp Molecular Diamond Technologies, Chevron Texaco]

[[Image:Kevlar chemical structure.png|thumb|400px|Para-aramid structure]] ...in 1973. A similar fiber called [[Twaron]] with roughly the same chemical structure was introduced by Akzo in 1978. Due to earlier patents on the production p

...llen; J. B. Higgins; and J. L. Schlenkert|title=A New Family of Mesoporous Molecular Sieves Prepared with Liquid Crystal Templates|journal=American Chemical Soc **Other structure-directing agents

...erite) does not correspond the ideal iron(II) hydroxide compound, as their structure is more complex and variable. The natural analogue of iron(II) hydroxide co ...ide can be oxidized by the protons of water to form iron(II,III) oxide and molecular [[hydrogen]].

* Early building blocks of [[molecular armor]] * In the inner [[structure]] of the smart [[glove]]s

...class of materials used in [[stealth technology]] to disguise a vehicle or structure from radar detection. A material's absorbency at a given frequency of radar ...n the 20-centimeter radar band the Allies used. The material had a layered structure and was based on [[graphite]] particles and other [[semiconductive]] materi

...ype of pulping process used to remove the lignin bonding the original wood structure, thus freeing the fibers for use in paper and [[engineered wood]] products ...[polyethylene]] (PE), eventually with extremely long chains / [[Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene|HMPE]] (e.g. Dyneema or Spectra).

...ing to the nature of the [[Chemical bond|bonding]] between their atomic or molecular components. The traditional classification distinguishes four kinds of bond ...ar Force|Weak intermolecular bonding]], which forms '''[[#Molecular_solids|molecular solids]]''' (sometimes anomalously called "covalent solids")

[[image:Polyvinylidene_fluoride.png|right|thumb|Figure 1: Structure of Poly(vinylidene fluoride)]] ...Junji Watanabe|date=January 22, 2008|title=Unusual Formation of Smectic A Structure in Cross-Linked Monodomain Elastomer of Main-Chain LC Polyester with 3-Meth

{{dablink|This article is about polymer chemistry. The term "molecular imprinting" is also used to mean [[Imprinting (genetics)|genetic imprinting ...d key" model. The active binding site of an enzyme has a unique geometric structure that is particularly suitable for a substrate. A substrate that has a corr

...l role in determining structure, stability and the interactions of various molecular assemblies. Theoretical approaches<ref>De Gennes, P.-G., Scaling Concepts i ...r more) oppositely charged macroions (e.g. DNA molecule) thus establishing molecular bridges and via its connectivity mediate attractive interactions between th

*[[Polymer characterization]] is concerned with the analysis of chemical structure and morphology and the determination of physical properties in relation to ...ellulose and other polymers were "colloids", aggregates of molecules small molecular mass connected by an unknown intermolecular force. [[Hermann Staudinger]]

<!-- SMILES structure: CC(C)(c8ccc(OCC%13OC%13)cc8)c1cc(Cc2cc(C(C)(c9ccc(OCC%14OC%14)cc9)C)cc(Cc4 ...aviolet]] light with a [[wavelength]] of 365 nm. When exposed, SU-8's long molecular chains [[cross-link]] causing the solidification of the material.

...thylene''' ('''PCTFE''') is a [[fluoropolymer]] with the following monomer structure: Its molecular formula is <nowiki>[</nowiki>[[Carbon|C]][[Fluorine|F]]₂[[Carbon

...s controlled by several parameters such as the number of nucleation sites, structure of the polymer molecules, cooling rate, etc. Depending on those parameters, ...y aligned, curved and entangled remain frozen and the solid has disordered structure. However, upon slow cooling, some polymer chains take on a certain ''orderl

[[Image:polyanhydride structure.jpg|thumb|500px|right|The structure of a polyanhydride molecule with ''n'' repeating units.]] ...ched chains. This class of [[polymers]] is characterized by a crystalline structure, melting temperature range of 50–90&nbsp;°C, and solubility in chlorinat

<tr><td>[[Molecular mass]]</td><td>200,000 to 100 million Daltons</td></tr> <tr><td>[[Simplified molecular input line entry specification|SMILES]]</td><td>???????</td></tr>

[[Image:Parylene-structure.png|300px|right|Parylene]] ...1.4&nbsp;nm<ref>{{cite journal|author=J.J. Senkevich and P.-I. Wang|title=Molecular Layer Chemistry via Parylenes|journal=Chem. Vapor Dep.|doi=10.1002/cvde.200

...tage polyoxyethylene content (e.g., L61 = Pluronic with a polyoxypropylene molecular mass of 1,800 g/mol and a 10% [[polyoxyethylene]] content). In the example Because of their [[amphiphilic]] structure, the polymers have [[surfactant]] properties that make them useful in indus

...8</sub>)_n. It should not be confused with [[polybutene]], a low molecular weight [[oligomer]] with a different [[repeat unit]]. ...f [[1-butene]] using supported [[Ziegler-Natta catalyst]]s. PB-1 is a high molecular weight, linear, [[Tacticity#Isotactic_polymers|isotactic]], and [[Crystalli

...valent netpoints which prevent the polymer from reforming its usual coiled structure. The hard to soft segment ratio is often between 5/95 and 95/5, but ideally Polymers in this elastic state with [[number average molecular weight]] greater than 20,000 stretch in the direction of an applied externa

...lymers [[crystallinity]], melt and [[glass transition]] temperatures and [[molecular weight]]. Each of these factors needs to be assessed on how they affect the ...er chains into shorter water-soluble fragments. This causes a reduction in molecular weight without the loss of physical properties as the polymer is still held

Meyers, M.A., et al., "Biological Materials: Structure & Mechanical Properties", Progress in Materials Science, Vol. 53, p. 1 (200 ...epetitive units called [[monomer]]s. Biopolymers often have a well defined structure, though this is not a defining characteristic (example:ligno-cellulose):

...]]s, such as [[polyethylene]]. They are not to be confused with the high [[molecular weight]] polymer [[polybutene-1]]. ...The grades are determined mainly by [[molecular weight]], with the higher molecular weight grades having increasing [[viscosity]]. The [[oligomer]] degrades at

==Chemical structure== ...s can reveal how the short chain branches are distributed over the various molecular weights.

The melt flow rate (MFR) or [[melt flow index]] (MFI) is a measure of molecular weight of polypropylene. The measure helps to determine how easily the molt An important concept in understanding the link between the structure of polypropylene and its properties is [[tacticity]]. The relative orientat

[[File:Polyethylenimin.svg|thumb|right|The structure of linear polyethylenimine.]] ...are solids at [[room temperature]] where branched PEIs are liquids at all molecular weights. Linear polyethyleneimines are soluble in hot water, at low pH, in

...''' is a [[homopolymer]] of diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC). The molecular weight of polyDADMAC is typically in the range of hundreds of thousands of ...John | first = Wilson | last2 = et al. | publication-date = 2002 | title = Structure and Properties of PolyDADMAC for Water Purification| url = http://academic.

<tr><td>[[Molecular mass]]</td><td>200,000 to 100 million Daltons</td></tr> <tr><td>[[Simplified molecular input line entry specification|SMILES]]</td><td>???????</td></tr>

...polystyrene blocks in the main picture is 102,000; the inset picture has a molecular weight of 91,000, producing slightly smaller domains. The spacing between d

...the reflectance ([[gloss]]), as well as forming a protective coating. The structure of paint consists of [[pigments]] in a matrix of [[resin]]. ...ww.univ-bpclermont.fr/LABOS/lpmm],[http://www.cnep-ubp.com] specialists of molecular photochemistry, to provoke in accelerated controlled conditions the same ch

| ImageFile = SBR.svg|right|243px|thumb|Chemical structure of styrene-butadiene | Section3 = {{Chembox Structure

==Correlation of chemical structure and electrical conductivity== ...Å, respectively.<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.51.1191|title=Molecular Geometry of cis- and trans-Polyacetylene by Nutation NMR Spectroscopy|year=

...que and white (particle size up to a few microns) depending on its crystal structure and particle size. Its monomer (bis-β-hydroxyterephthalate) can be synthes ...several things happen: discoloration, chain scissions resulting in reduced molecular weight, formation of [[acetaldehyde]] and [[cross-link]]s ("gel" or "fish-e

...e dendrons like cake slices in green. It also provides a concrete chemical structure showing a [[polymethylmethacrylate]] ([[Poly(methyl methacrylate)|PMMA]]) b | [[Image:Baozhongdenpol2.JPG|upright|alt=chemical structure of a third generation dendronized polymer]]

...s were clusters of small molecules (called [[colloid]]s), without definite molecular weights, held together by an unknown force, a concept known as [[associatio ...n|modified further]] following translation in order to provide appropriate structure and functioning.

...molecule antimicrobial agents excel at the diffusion step due to their low molecular weight, while adsorption is better achieved by antimicrobial polymers. The ===Molecular Weight===

...last=Chen|first=X|coauthors=Ye, B., Tong, M.|year=2005|title=Metal-organic molecular architectures with 2,2′-bipyridyl-like and carboxylate ligands|journal=Co ...techniques. The mechanisms of [[Molecular self-assembly]] processes on a molecular level are currently being investigated, however it is accepted that coordin

Repeating chemical structure unit of <br> ==Structure==

...ps]] are similar to [[1-Hexene|1-hexene]] or may be longer (see [[chemical structure]] below). ...e to remain oily, [[viscous]] liquids even at lower [[temperature]]s. Low molecular weight poly-''alpha''-olefins are useful as synthetic [[lubricant]]s such a

...y the degree of crystallinity, but also by the size and orientation of the molecular chains. [[File:Polymerketten - amorph und kristallinEN.svg|thumb|The arrangement of molecular chains in amorphous and semicrystalline polymers.]]

...ay of representing the [[repeating unit]]. Note, however, that the C−H [[Molecular geometry|bond angles]] are not 90° as this diagram would indicate, but are ...pages=1921|ref=harv}}</ref> In certain circumstances it is useful to use a structure-based nomenclature; in such cases [[IUPAC]] recommends ''poly(methylene)''<

| IUPACName = poly(oxyethylene) <small>{structure-based}</small>,<br> poly(ethylene oxide) <small>{source-based}</small><ref> ...ethylene oxide (PEO)''' or '''polyoxyethylene (POE)''', depending on its [[molecular weight]], and under the tradename '''Carbowax'''.

...nsion of the structure is in nano-scale. Phenomena of fluids in nano-scale structure are discovered to be of different properties in [[electrochemistry]] and [[ ....<ref>Kuo T. C.; Sloan, L. A.; Sweedler, J. V.; Bohn, P. W.; "Manipulating Molecular Transport through Nanoporous Membranes by Control of Electrokinetic Flow: E

...le]] liquid consisting of a complex mixture of [[hydrocarbon]]s of various molecular weights, and other [[organic compound]]s, that are found in [[Formation (st ...etals such as [[iron]], [[nickel]], [[copper]] and [[vanadium]]. The exact molecular composition varies widely from formation to formation but the proportion of

...ecules of asphalt, because the number of molecules with different chemical structure is extremely large".<ref name="Quddus99">Muhammad Abdul Quddus (1992), p.99 ...ly boiled to get rid of the higher fractions, leaving a material of higher molecular weight which is thermoplastic and when layered on objects, became quite har

...sts of a solid phase dispersed in a liquid, the solid particles will not [[Molecular diffusion|diffuse]] through a membrane, whereas with a true solution the di ..., such as excluded volume interactions or electrostatic forces, govern the structure and behavior of colloidal suspensions. For example, the same techniques use

...[metal]]s. Understood as the sharing of "free" electrons among a [[crystal structure|lattice]] of positively charged ions ([[cations]]), metallic bonding is som ...n]] and [[thermal analysis]] (initially DTA) made it possible to study the structure of crystalline solids, including metals and their alloys, and the construct

...on and low pH degrade 11-S-storage–proteins of green coffee beans to low molecular weight [[peptide]]s and amino acids. The degradation is accelerated in the ...fense system of the digestive tract compared to arabinogalactan with lower molecular weight.<ref>GOTODA, N, IWAI, K, Arabinogalactan isolated from coffee beans

...m diameter. They are typically made from [[aluminium oxide]] with a porous structure.

Sugar, because of its simpler chemical structure, was once assumed (without scientific research) to raise blood glucose leve ...are the reactive centers. All saccharides with more than one ring in their structure result from two or more monosaccharides joined by [[glycosidic bond]]s with

==Structure== ...lays are weathered [[mica]]s in which the [[potassium]] ions between the [[molecular]] sheets are replaced by [[magnesium]] and [[iron]] ions.

| ImageFile1 = Kevlar chemical structure.png | ImageName1 = Kevlar molecular structure

...emical substance' means any organic or inorganic substance of a particular molecular identity, including - (i) any combination of such substances occurring in w ...cule]]s or [[crystal]]s in which atoms, molecules or ions form a [[crystal structure|crystalline lattice]]. Compounds based primarily on carbon and hydrogen at

...hain components which they contain. Typical microcrystalline wax [[crystal structure]] is small and thin, making them more flexible than paraffin wax. It is com ...backbone allows oil molecules to be incorporated into the crystal lattice structure. The desired properties of the petrolatum can be modified by using microcry

...arboxylic acid, or alcohol [[functional group|groups]]. The structure and molecular weight of the hydrocarbon chain and the relative concentration of the funct * [[Microcrystalline wax]] - with very fine crystalline structure

...e in the latter class contain 2 to 4 alkyl groups on the phenyl ring. The structure of an oxygen-containing PPE is provided in Figure 1 and that of a 2, 6-xyle [[Image:Polyphenyl Ether.png‎|thumb|350px|Figure 1: Representative Structure of Polyphenyl Ether (PPE)]]

== Structure == ...has a rather high melting point compared to other molecules with a similar molecular mass such as [[methylphenol]].<ref>Reference Handbook of Fine Chemicals, Ac

...stands for ''para''- . All three are [[aryl]] [[amine]]s whose [[chemical structure]]s are similar to [[aniline]] except that a [[methyl group]] is substituted | [[Molecular mass]]

| ImageName = Line Structure ...Chou MW|year=2000|title=Mutagenicity studies of benzidine and its analogs: Structure-activity relationships|journal=Toxicol Sci|volume=56|pages=351&ndash;356|pm

==Structure and properties== ...scopic properties of Proton-sponge are very interesting for researchers of molecular chemistry and have been researched for a long time. Proton-sponge emits a d

| ImageName = Chemical structure of luminol [[Image:Luminol chemiluminescence molecular representation.svg|550px|left|Reactions leading to the chemiluminescence of

'''Amidol''' is a colorless [[crystal]]line compound with the molecular structure C₆H₃(NH₂)₂OH. It is a [[hydrog

...a [[fluorescent tag]] ([[nucleic acid]] [[staining (biology)|stain]]) in [[molecular biology]] laboratories for techniques such as [[agarose gel electrophoresis ==Structure, chemistry, fluorescence==

| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure ...isting of two carbon and one oxygen atom. Because of its special molecular structure, ethylene oxide easily participates in the [[addition reaction]], opening i

...erm referring to the [[air quality]] within and around [[building]]s and [[structure]]s, especially as it relates to the health and comfort of building occupant ...are formed. These products of ozone chemistry include formaldehyde, higher molecular weight aldehydes, acidic aerosols, and fine and ultrafine particles, among

...ogy|histologic]] [[grading (tumors)|grading]] and the presence of specific molecular markers can also be useful in establishing prognosis, as well as in determi ...form on the tissue specimen. These tests may provide information about the molecular changes (such as [[mutation]]s, [[fusion gene]]s, and numerical [[chromosom

...easurements show that chaotropic salting-in denaturants are not just water-structure breakers.|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the Un ...t is also related to the functional group [[arene]] which is a generalized structure of benzene.

...most common allotrope of arsenic is ''grey arsenic''. It adopts a layered structure, a ruffled analogue of [[graphite]], consisting of many interlocked six-mem [[Image:White phosphrous molecule.jpg|left|thumb|100px| Structure of yellow arsenic As₄ and white [[phosphorus]] P₄]]

...forming a thin protective oxide surface layer. This layer is a [[spinel]] structure only a few atoms thick. It is very dense, and prevents the diffusion of oxy Chromium(III) ions in water are invariably [[octahedral molecular geometry|octahedral]]ly coordinated with water molecules and anions. The co

...es are known. [[beryllium fluoride|BeF₂]] has a [[silica]]-like structure with corner-shared BeF₄ tetrahedra. [[beryllium chloride|BeCl<su ...a white, high-melting-point solid, which has the [[zinc sulfide|wurtzite]] structure with a thermal conductivity as high as some metals. BeO is [[amphoteric]].

| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure '''Gluconic acid''' is an [[organic compound]] with [[molecular formula]] C₆H₁₂O₇ and condensed [[structur

...compound]] that is [[aromatic]] and [[heterocyclic]] since its [[chemical structure]], shown at right, essentially consists of four [[pyrrole]] rings joined to ...orphin stems both from its conjugation as well as its flat or [[planar]] [[Molecular geometry|geometry]], meaning that all the atoms lie in a single plane. [[C

...e hexamer (n = 6). The term "crown" refers to the resemblance between the structure of a crown ether bound to a [[cation]], and a [[crown (headgear)|crown]] si * [http://www.org-chem.org/yuuki/crown/crown_en.html molecular crown]

*changing the ligands to alter the type of [[molecular encapsulation]] needed to metals; ...''[[isolobal principle|isolobal]]'' with the '''Cp''' ligands, here is the structure of the Cp [[manganese]] tricarbonyl complex. This compound like the others

| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure ...catechol''' or '''1,2-dihydroxybenzene''', is an organic compound with the molecular formula C₆H₄(OH)₂. It is the ''ortho'' [[i

| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure ...py = 2,2'-bipyridine). These complexes have six-coordinated, [[octahedral molecular geometry|octahedral]] structures and two [[enantiomer]]s as follows:

[[File:Cyclen Zinc InorgChem 1997 4579 commons.jpg|thumbnail|150px|Crystal structure of a Zn(II) coordinated to a cyclen and an ethanol reported in Inorg. Chem. ...> cyclen is [[covalent bond|covalently]] bonded through a [[propylene]] [[molecular spacer]] to [[adenine]] and [[chelation|chelated]] with [[zinc]] [[perchlor

[[Image:Phytochelatin.svg|thumb|300px|Chemical structure of phytochelatin. n = 2-11. ]] ...etal poisoning.<ref name=BMBoP>Buchanan, Gruissem, Jones, ''Biochemistry & molecular biology of plants'', 1st edition, American Society of Plant Physiology, 200

...gall, J.; Engh, R.; Schneider, M.; Hof, P. and Huber, R. | title = Crystal Structure of the Xanthine Oxidase-Related Aldehyde Oxido-Reductase from D-Gigas | jou ===Electronic structure===

'''Acetylacetone''' is an [[organic compound]] with molecular formula C₅H₈O₂. This [[diketone]] is forma ...e coexist in solution; these forms are [[tautomers]]. The C_2v [[molecular symmetry|symmetry]] for the enol form displayed on the left in ''Scheme 1''

...h compounds are 'iyot', EDTMP and DTPMP. These common phosphonates are the structure analogues to the well-known aminopolycarboxylates [[Nitrilotriacetic acid|N ...volution of microbial phosphonate degradative pathways |journal=Journal of Molecular Evolution |volume=61 |issue=5 |pages=682–90 |year=2005 |month=November |p

[[Image:Porphyrin.svg|thumb|right|200px|Structure of porphine, the simplest porphyrin.]] ...more hydrogen than porphyrins, and feature a [[pyrroline]] subunit. This structure occurs in [[chlorophyll]]. Replacement of two of the four pyrrolic subunits

==Structure and properties== ...author = Pavelčík, F and Majer, J. | title = The crystal and molecular structure of lithium [(S,S)-N,N'-ethylenediaminedisuccinato]cobaltate(III) trihydrate

==Structure== ...allography]]. Metallacrowns typically contain fused chelate rings in their structure, which imparts them with substantial stability. Metallacrowns have been syn

In chemical structure, citric acid shares the properties of other [[carboxylic acid]]s. When hea ...d acidity by detecting sugars and citric acid through their characteristic molecular vibrations; this gives an accurate assessment of a drink's sweetness.

:* Chemical structure does not have to be known beforehand. :* The solute's [[chemical structure]] must be known beforehand.

...hanics]], these states correspond to [[Statistical ensemble|ensembles]] of molecular conformations, not just one conformation. ...ironment of tryptophan and tyrosine). However, nearly any probe of folded structure will work; since the measurement is taken at equilibrium, there is no need

...acids in their free state, and are used frequently within the fields of [[molecular modeling]], [[structural bioinformatics]], and [[computational biology]]. ...olution-like environment to an environment determined by the 3-dimensional structure of the protein. For example, in an unfolded protein an aspartic acid typica

...<ref>{{cite book|last=Gutmann|first=V|title=The Donor-Acceptor Approach to Molecular Interactions|publisher=Springer|date=1978|isbn=0306310643 }}</ref> ...precisely for thermodynamic values in terms of changes in solution at the molecular level, but it is clear that the chelate effect is predominantly an effect o

...geometry|octahedral]], 6-coordinate, whereas vanadic acid is [[tetrahedral molecular geometry|tetrahedral]], 4-coordinate. This is the basis for an explanation |title=The nature of the chemical bond and the structure of molecules and crystals; an introduction to modern structural chemistry

...rge on the less-electronegative element and a difference in its electronic structure due to the axial or equatorial orbiting positions of its electrons, causing ...erstand than Lewis theory, which required detailed familiarity with atomic structure.

...osecond|fs]]: the system begins in a neutral state; random fluctuations in molecular motions occasionally (about once every 10 hours per water molecule) produce ...ys]] | volume = 64 | pages = 1 | doi = 10.1002/9780470142882.ch1 | title = Structure and Dynamics of Low-Temperature Water as Studied by Scattering Techniques}}

| image_source = Structure of human hemoglobin. The protein's <font color = "red">'''α'''</font> and ...ref><ref name="pmid13734651">{{cite journal | author = Perutz MF | title = Structure of haemoglobin | journal = Brookhaven symposia in biology | volume = 13 | i

...R/v41/i2/p208_1]</ref> in the 1930s. CFT was subsequently combined with [[molecular orbital theory]] to form the more realistic and complex [[ligand field theo ...rbitals as '''e_g'''. (These labels are based on the theory of [[molecular symmetry]]). Typical orbital energy diagrams are given below in the section

{{main|Molecular geometry}} ...rystallographic Nomenclature Subcommittee on the Nomenclature of Inorganic Structure Types

...cite journal | author = J. Dunitz, L. Orgel, A. Rich | title = The crystal structure of ferrocene | journal = Acta Crystallographica | year = 1956 | volume = 9 | title = Molecular hydrogen complexes: coordination of a σ bond to transition metals

...nitrito isomer (Co-ONO) occurs through the rearrangement of the molecular structure. Thus, no bonds are broken during isomerization.

...ub>)₆]²⁺, which might otherwise possess [[octahedral molecular geometry|octahedral]] geometry. The two axial Cu−O distances are 238 [[p ...egenerate electronic ground state. Such complexes distort along one of the molecular fourfold axes (always labelled the ''z'' axis), which has the effect of rem

The diphosphine forms two to the metal. The structure of the backbone and the substituents attached to the phosphorus atoms influ ...m-Catalyzed Copolymerization of Carbon Monoxide and Ethylene: Genesis of a Structure-Activity Relationship | journal = [[Organometallics]] | year = 1996 | volu

In [[chemistry]], a '''coordination complex''' or '''metal complex''', is a structure consisting of a central atom or ion (usually metallic), [[chemical bond|bon [[File:Hexol1.gif|thumb|Structure of hexol]]

...eyhermueller, T.; Neese, F.; Wieghardt, K. |title=Molecular and electronic structure of four- and five-coordinate cobalt complexes containing two ''o''-phenylen

[[Image:Octahedral-3D-balls.png|thumb|right|200px|Idealized structure of a compound with octahedral coordination geometry.]] In [[chemistry]], '''octahedral molecular geometry''' describes the shape of compounds where in six atoms or groups o

...easing the temperature causes a major change in the cluster’s electronic structure. The amount of HS Fe^II present in any sample within the range of ...h an average bond length of only 1.97 Å. Close examination of the crystal structure reveals that Fe(2) is slightly different from the other Fe^II equ

...last=Goldsmith |editor-first=Lowell A |title=Physiology, biochemistry, and molecular biology of the skin |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York | ...of this tissue is the [[adipocyte]], or fat cell.<ref name="Lynch" /> The structure of this tissue is composed of septal (i.e. linear strands) and [[Lobe (anat

* [[Conway's Law]] — Any piece of software reflects the organizational structure that produced it. Named for [[Melvin Conway]]. * [[Kopp's Law]] — The molecular heat capacity of a solid compound is the sum of the atomic heat capacities

====General structure of Lymphatics==== ...Skobe|date=2003-10-27 | title = Lymphatic endothelium : morphological, molecular and functional properties

...trastructural Study of the Effects of Cytochalasin D Administration on the Structure and Acid Trimetaphosphatase Activity of Osteoclast |journal=J Electron Micr ...ucture and when needed transporting phosphate out of the cell perhaps to a structure is a necessary activity of phosphate homeostasis for that cell.

Image = Illu lymph node structure.png | == Structure ==

...ntractile forces.<ref>Histology" A Text and Atlas with Correlated Cell and Molecular Biology by Michael H. Ross and Mojciech Pawlina 5th edition</ref>

...sembly, and cellular interactions]; ''Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology'', Vol 27, Issue 1, 93-127, 1992 </ref> ...ih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7086192&dopt=Citation Structure and function of basement membrane.]; ''J Invest Dermatol.'' 1982 Jul;79 Sup

...n as an intermediate between other types of muscle in terms of appearance, structure, metabolism, excitation-coupling and mechanism of contraction. Cardiac musc ...etween cells, producing depolarization of the heart muscle. However, novel molecular biological and comprehensive studies unequivocally showed that IDs consist

[[Image:Apigenin.png|thumb|right|200px|Molecular structure of [[apigenin]], a '''polyphenol antioxidant''']] ...tive stress. However, controlled long-term studies on the efficacy of low molecular weight antioxidants in the prevention or treatment of [[skin]] aging in hum

| [[Image:CBG-type cannabinoid.png|184 px|Chemical structure of a CBG-type cannabinoid.]] | [[Image:CBG-type cyclization of cannabinoids.png|120 px|Chemical structure of the CBG-type cyclization of cannabinoids.]]

==Structure== ...au RB, Davis EM, Ringer KL, Wildung MR |title=(-)-Menthol biosynthesis and molecular genetics |journal=Naturwissenschaften |volume=92 |issue=12 |pages=562–77

...S, Papadopoulos MG, Papahatjis DP, Mavromoustakos T. Combined 3D QSAR and molecular docking studies to reveal novel cannabinoid ligands with optimum binding ac

| title = Isolation, structure and partial synthesis of an active constituent of hashish The discovery of THC was first described in "Isolation, structure and partial synthesis of an active constituent of hashish", published in th

| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure ...atively high levels in the central nervous system and is the most abundant molecular species of monoacylglycerol found in rat brain.[1,3] [[Monoacylglycerol lip

...ct from THC, while HHC on the other hand is still substantially similar in structure to THC. ...termination and characterization of a cannabinoid receptor in rat brain. ''Molecular Pharmacology''. 1988 Nov;34(5):605-13. PMID 2848184</ref> as well as later

...ce: evidence for possible CB2 deviation from a rhodopsin template |journal=Molecular Pharmacology |volume=68 |issue=1 |pages=69–83 |year=2005 |month=July |pmi

...activity]], inattention, and impulsive symptoms <ref>Lutz, B. (2009). From Molecular neurodevelopment to psychiatry: new insights in mechanisms underlying canna ...d attention, learning, and processing speed; subtle abnormalities in brain structure; increased activation during cognitive tasks despite intact performance <re

...| author = Sine S, Engel A | title = Recent advances in Cys-loop receptor structure and function. | journal = Nature | volume = 440 | issue = 7083 | pages = 44 ...uquerque et al | title = Mammalian Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors: from Structure to Function | journal = Physiol Rev| issue = 89| pages = 73–120| year = 2

...gin, and so requires a systematic study of subsystems within its proteomic structure. ...hrough them, neuroproteomics offers the most potential for mapping out the molecular template of their function. Genomics offers a static roadmap of the cell,

...">{{PDB|1RW6}}; {{cite journal | author = Wang Y, Ha Y | title = The X-ray structure of an antiparallel dimer of the human amyloid precursor protein E2 domain | ==Structure==

...lff H | title = International Union of Pharmacology. LII. Nomenclature and molecular relationships of calcium-activated potassium channels | journal = Pharmacol ==Structure==

...oughout the heart and the central nervous system <ref>Kaupp UB, Seifert R. Molecular diversity of pacemaker ion channels (2001)Annu Rev Physiol. 63:235-57. Revi ...ics, 107, 59-79</ref><ref>Santoro B, Tibbs GR. (1999) The HCN gene family: molecular basis of the hyperpolarization-activated pacemaker channels. Ann N Y Acad S

...author =Chung CW, Cooke RM ''et al''.|title=The three-dimensional solution structure of RANTES|journal=Biochemistry|year=1995|volume=34|issue=29|pages=9307–93 ...f name=kistler>{{cite journal|author=Kistler J, Stroud RM ''et al''.|title=Structure and function of an acetylcholine receptor|journal=Biophys. J.|year=1982|vol

...Role for Satellite Cell Function in Muscle Repair Acting via RhoA |journal=Molecular Biology of the Cell |volume= |issue= |pages= |year=2009 |month=June |pmid=1 ...perties of the nerve growth factor receptor. Relationship between receptor structure and affinity |journal= [[Journal of Biological Chemistry]] |volume=260 |iss

...en K Fisher and Michael D Uhler | others = | title = Basic neurochemistry: molecular, cellular, and medical aspects | edition = | language = | publisher = Lippi ...the receptor protein. Ligand binding causes a conformational change in the structure of the channel protein that ultimately leads to the opening of the channel

...Cys-loop superfamily of ligand-gated ion channels: the impact of receptor structure on function | journal = Biochem. Soc. Trans. | volume = 32 | issue = Pt3 | == Structure ==

[[Image:Salvinorin-A structure.png|alt=A chemical structure diagram showing benzene rings and various bonding with oxygen and hydrogen ...no actions at the 5-HT_2A [[serotonin receptor]], the principal molecular target responsible for the actions of 'classic' hallucinogens, such as [[me

...garded as "good prostaglandins" and "bad prostaglandins", according to the structure of a particular [[enzyme]] involved in their [[biosynthesis]], [[cyclooxyge ...ug]]s are likely to be sensitive to Celebrex as well, due to similarity in structure. Vioxx has a more rapid onset and is approved for acute pain as well as ost

'''Cyclopropane''' is a [[cycloalkane]] [[molecule]] with the molecular formula C₃H₆, consisting of three [[carbon]] [[atoms] ...e was discovered in 1881 by [[August Freund]], who also proposed the right structure for the new substance in his first paper. Freund reacted [[1,3-Dibromopropa

| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure ==Structure and bonding==

|title = Structure, bonding and geochemistry of xenon at high pressures |title=An Introduction to the Electronic Structure of Atoms and Molecules

| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure ...://www.jstor.org/pss/2838303|title=Production of Chloroform and Other Low- Molecular-Weight Halocarbons by Some Species of Macroalgae|journal=Limnology and Ocea

...ic acidB receptor (GABABR) binding sites are distinctive from one another: molecular evidence |journal=[[Neuropharmacology]] |volume=47 |issue=8 |pages=1146–5 ...roactively, based on the proclivity of a said chemical to mimic either the structure or the effects of the banned drug.

...g of microvellosities of κ-casein (Walstra, 1979; Lucey, 2002). Another [[Molecular modelling|model]] suggests that the nucleus is formed by casein-interlinked Casein has a molecular structure that is quite similar to that of [[gluten]]. Thus, some gluten-free diets a