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...ye]]) in a process known as saponification. The fats are hydrolyzed by the base, yielding alkali salts of fatty acids (crude soap) and [[glycerol]]. ...p Dispersants, Raymond G. Bistline, Jr., in ''Anionic surfactants: organic chemistry'', Helmut Stache, ed., Volume 56 of Surfactant science series, CRC Press, 1

...extensive gas cleaning in order to remove or convert (i.e. to [[Cracking (chemistry)|"crack"]]) tars and particles. The removal of tar is often accomplished by ...fication zone with the gas escaping downwards through ports located at the base of the burner chamber. The gas mixes with additional incoming air to provid

...lation of the alkaloid from natural sources. The first synthetic [[organic chemistry|organic]] [[dye]], [[mauveine]], was discovered by [[William Henry Perkin]] * quinine base 100 mg

...is readily excreted unchanged by the kidneys, more so than chloramphenicol base, and this is the major reason why levels of chloramphenicol in the blood ar ...hanism of Action of Chloramphenicol ] July 1963. The Journal of Biological Chemistry)</ref>

In 1981, Nobel laureate (1965 in chemistry) and Professor of Chemistry at [[Harvard University]] ([[Cambridge, MA]]) [[Robert Burns Woodward|Rober *erythromycin base (capsules, tablets)

...ridine and Pyridine Derivatives|title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry|year=2007|publisher=John Wiley &amp; Sons|location=New York}}{{Page needed| ...f ammonia by [[hydrazine]]:<ref>{{Cite journal| journal = [[Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal]] | volume= 6 | issue = 11 | year = 1972 | doi = 10.1007/BF00771896

ABC is an [[analog (chemistry)|analog]] of [[guanosine]] (a [[purine]]). Its target is the viral [[revers ..., and/ or buttock wasting, breast enlargement, and fat accumulation at the base of the neck (buffalo hump).

==Chemistry== ...s rotation. For this reason, when ribavirin is incorporated into RNA, as a base analog of either adenine or guanine, it pairs equally well with either urac

...avis]] (today a part of [[Pfizer]]) in 1962. Its [[hydrochloride]] [[salt (chemistry)|salt]] is sold as '''Ketanest''', '''Ketaset''', and '''Ketalar'''. [[phar Ketamine is a [[chirality (chemistry)|chiral]] compound. Most pharmaceutical preparations of ketamine are [[race

| molecular_weight = 129.164 g/mol ([[free base (chemistry)|free]])<br />165.63 g/mol ([[hydrochloride|HCl]]) ==Chemistry==

...he chemical is typically an [[acid]], strong [[Alkali|base]], or a [[Salt (chemistry)|salt]] ([[phosphoric acid]], [[potassium hydroxide]], [[sodium hydroxide]] ...emicals, including [[alcohol]]s, [[glycol]]s, strong [[acid]]s and [[base (chemistry)|bases]], [[metal]]s and most [[inorganic]]s, such as [[lithium]], [[sodiu

...atory alkalosis is for the kidneys to increase excretion of bicarbonate (a base) to compensate for the loss of carbon dioxide. This kidney response takes ==Chemistry==

...ell. It is a [[weak acid]], in that it is only a partially [[dissociation (chemistry)|dissociated]] acid in an [[aqueous solution]]. Pure, [[water]]-free acetic ...nctional group|group]] CH₃−C(=O)−. In the context of [[acid-base reaction]]s, the abbreviation ''HAc'' is often used where ''Ac'' instead st

...de is considered a strong electrolyte. Its low solubility makes it a weak base. ...white-colored, aqueous, mildly [[Base (chemistry)|alkaline]] [[Suspension (chemistry)|suspension]] of magnesium hydroxide formulated at about 8[[Percentage solu

...of Newmarket]]. Mentioned for the Nobel Prize for Scientific Attainment in Chemistry. Prof. George Poe, a cousin of the poet Edgar Allan Poe, a noted scientist ...ounts of nitric oxide (NO) may not necessarily be absorbed directly by the base (sodium hydroxide) washes.

...Why is mercury a liquid at STP?| accessdate=May 1, 2007| publisher=General Chemistry Online at Frostburg State University| author=Senese, F}}</ref><ref name="No ...|title=Why is mercury liquid? Or, why do relativistic effects not get into chemistry textbooks?| journal= Journal of Chemical Education|volume=68|page=110 |year

...tiretroviral drug]] used for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. It is an [[analog (chemistry)|analog]] of [[thymidine]]. As a solid, AZT forms a [[hydrogen bond]]ed network of base-paired [[Dimer (chemistry)|dimer]]s; its crystal structure was reported in 1988.<ref>{{cite journal |

==Chemistry== ...s 8.5, the salts are acidic. Since they derive from a strong acid but weak base, they are both at about pH = 5; as a consequence, the morphine salts are mi

...r less equally activated. The conjugation also greatly reduces the [[base (chemistry)|basicity]] of the oxygens and the nitrogen, while making the hydroxyl acid ...A vast array of processes and products|editor = Zvi Rappoport|title = The chemistry of Anilines Part 1|publisher = Wiley|isbn = 978-0-470-87171-3|pages = 764}}

==Chemistry== In the outdated [[Chirality_(chemistry)#By configuration: D- and L-|{{smallcaps|d/l}} system]] (+)-Ephedrine is al

...nediaminetetraacetic acid''' (for other names, see Table). The [[conjugate base]] is named '''ethylenediaminetetraacetate'''. EDTA is a [[polyamino carboxy ...Acid and Related Chelating Agents" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2005.{{DOI|10.1002/14356007.a10_095}}</ref>

...ers can identify the plastic types based on the codes usually found at the base or at the side of the plastic products, including food/chemical packaging a ...=4645&DOC=FILE.PDF Plastic Packaging Resin Codes] data from the [[American Chemistry Council]]

| Bottles, grocery bags, milk jugs, recycling bins, agricultural pipe, base cups, car stops, playground equipment, and [[plastic lumber]] ...tics/bin.asp?CID=1102&DID=4645&DOC=FILE.PDF Resin Codes] from the American Chemistry Council.

...lly only ''C. maculata'' has the purple stripes or spots). Attached to the base of the stem is a [[tuberous root]] with thickened [[rootstock]]s. The roots ...accessdate =2008-08-03 }}</ref> while water parsnip has both bracts at the base of flowers and also at the main flower head.<ref>{{cite web | last = | fir

...large, [[herbaceous]], climbing [[perennial]], with the stem woody at the base, up to {{convert|2|in|cm|0}} in diameter; it has a habit like the [[scarlet ...timulate the circulation and respiration. Unfortunately, the [[Antagonism (chemistry)|antagonism]] between [[physostigmine]] and [[atropine]] is not perfect, an

...a [[chirality (chemistry)|chiral]] [[base (chemistry)|base]] in [[organic chemistry]], and as a [[ligand]] in organic [[chemical synthesis]]. ...ref> The aldehyde then spontaneously converts to the corresponding Schiff base, Δ¹-piperideine. Coupling of two molecules occurs between the

...bond]]s, formed chiefly from first and second row atoms with a [[valence (chemistry)|valence]] of three or more. Examples of diamondoid structures would inclu == Chemistry ==

Pastes typically consist of a [[suspension (chemistry)|suspension]] of [[granular material]] in a background fluid. The individu ...cology, '''paste''' is basic [[pharmaceutical form]]. It consists of fatty base (e.g., [[petroleum jelly]]) and at least 25% solid substance (e.g., [[zinc

Glazing putty is traditionally made by mixing a base of whiting (finely ground [[chalk]]) with [[linseed oil]] in various propor {{chemistry-stub}}

...ing units bear an [[electrolyte]] group. These groups will [[dissociation (chemistry)|dissociate]] in [[aqueous]] solutions (water), making the polymers [[charg ...(chemistry)|bases]] similarly may be either [[weak base|weak]] or [[strong base|strong]]). Similarly, polyelectrolytes can be divided into 'weak' and 'stro

| Developer base ...>{{cite journal|doi=10.1016/0009-2614(90)87271-R|title=Multiphoton-induced chemistry of phenol in hexane at 266 nm|year=1990|last1=Belbruno|first1=Joseph J.|las

{{Expert-subject|chemistry|date=November 2008}} | title = History of Super Absorbent Polymer Chemistry

...e a crystal, a jagged adsorbent particle, an [[emulsion]], a [[Suspension (chemistry)|suspension]] of solids, or a suspension of smaller microcapsules. The micr ...solution containing an amine and a polyfunctional [[isocyanate]] is added. Base is present to neutralize the acid formed during the reaction. Condensed pol

...an scientific fields such as [[Organic chemistry|organic]] and [[inorganic chemistry]], [[biology]], [[materials science]], [[electrochemistry]], and pharmacolo ...//www.angelfire.com/ms3/my-page/www/press-werner.html|title=Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1913: Presentation Speech|year=1996|publisher=Elsevier Publishing Company|a

...r end to collector end, the strength of the current can be modulate by the base electrode. The surface charge at the channel wall can be modified using che ...oss emitter and collector terminals, one can regulate the ion current from base terminal to one of the other two terminals, functioning as an ionic single-

...petrol]] in appearance and is similar in composition to some [[volatility (chemistry)|volatile]] [[light crude oil]]s. ==Chemistry==

...heat]] and forms [[cations]] and [[ionic bonds]] with [[non-metal]]s. In [[chemistry]], a '''metal''' (from [[Greek language|Greek]] "μέταλλον" - ''mét ...nd]]s.<ref name="morty">{{cite book| author = Mortimer, Charles E.|title = Chemistry: A Conceptual Approach|location = New York:|publisher = D. Van Nostrad Comp

...de [[iron]], [[nickel]], [[lead]] and [[zinc]]. [[Copper]] is considered a base metal as it oxidizes relatively easily, although it does not react with HCl ...nd [[silver]]. A long-time goal of the alchemists was the transmutation of base metal into precious metal.

...[[fluorine]] than [[iodine]]. They form stable products with hard [[base (chemistry)|bases]], which are bases with ionic bonds.

...will remain non-flammable and the foam is generally recyclable back to its base material. [[Coefficient of thermal expansion]] will also remain similar wh ...all to be visible to the naked eye, are used as high-temperature [[filter (chemistry)|filter]]s in the chemical industry.

...a powder.<ref name=cotton>{{cite book|last = Cotton|first = Simon|title = Chemistry of Precious Metals| pages = 1–20|publisher = Springer-Verlag New York, LL ...s from Spent Nuclear Fuel. Part I PART I: General Considerations and Basic Chemistry|url =http://www.platinummetalsreview.com/pdf/pmr-v47-i2-074-087.pdf| first1

:A measure of how much [[water]] a [[textile|fabric]] can [[Absorption (chemistry)|absorb]]. ...]] is a tulle netting with hexagonal shaped holes, traditionally used as a base for embroidery and lingerie.

...kata “High-Performance Fibers” in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2002, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. {{DOI|10.1002/14356007.a13_001}}</ref><ref name= ...synthetic polymers and fibers such as [[Dyneema]]. The presence of [[Salt (chemistry)|salt]]s and certain other impurities, especially [[calcium]], could interf

In [[chemistry]], a '''chemical substance''' is a [[material]] with a specific [[Chemical ...>]</ref> [[Non-stoichiometric compound]]s are a special case (in inorganic chemistry) that violates the law of constant composition, and for them, it is sometim

...e a 30-year history of commercial service for connectors with precious and base metal contacts in telecom, automotive, aerospace, instrumentation and gener ...cants,” published in Synthetics, Mineral Oils, and Bio-based Lubricants: Chemistry and Technology, Leslie R. Rudnick Editor, pp. 175–199, Taylor and Francis

...wide variety of chemical formulas are available to promote [[coalescence (chemistry)|coalescence]] of foam. ==Chemistry==

VI improving [[oil additive|additives]] and higher quality base oils are widely used nowadays which increase the VIs attainable beyond the {{physical-chemistry-stub}}

...]s, [[silicone]]s, [[fluorocarbon]]s and many others are sometimes used as base oils. Additives deliver reduced friction and wear, increased [[viscosity]], Lubricants are generally composed of a majority of base [[oil]] and a minority of additives to impart desirable characteristics.

...into calcium carbonate ([[limestone]]). [[Whitewash]] is based on the same chemistry. ...es, the wax being subsequently removed and replaced with the final denture base material which is cured in the plaster mold. {{Citation needed|date=October

| Function = [[base (chemistry)|base]]s ...tion is called [[lime water]] and is a medium strength [[basic (chemistry)|base]] that reacts with [[acid]]s and attacks many [[metal]]s in presence of wat

...involved forcefully spreading a substrate of coarse plaster, known as the base (made up of the ''scratch'' coat and (optional) ''brown'' coat), onto the w ...ssembly towards the fire, as that is the location where the [[Sublimation (chemistry)|sublimation]] occurs, which weakens the assembly, due to the fire influenc

...the native soil is a key design consideration for determining the depth of base rock for stormwater storage or for whether an underdrain system is needed. ...rooting space they need to grow to full size. A "structural-soil" pavement base combines structural [[construction aggregate|aggregate]] with soil; a porou

...us a fine aggregate such as [[sand]]), [[water (properties)|water]], and [[Chemistry|chemical]] admixtures. ''[[Chemistry|Chemical]] admixtures'' are materials in the form of powder or fluids that

==Chemistry and compounds==

...mut Höke, Rudolf Jäckh "Aniline" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2007; John Wiley & Sons: New York.{{DOI|10.1002/14356007.a02_303}}</ref> The chemistry of aniline is extremely rich because the compound has been cheaply availabl

...sub>2</sub> + 2 [[hydrogen iodide|HI]] <!-- probably the aniline serves as base also--> ...mut Höke, Rudolf Jäckh "Aniline" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2007; John Wiley & Sons: New York.{{DOI|10.1002/14356007.a02_303}}</ref>

...Phenylene- and Toluenediamines” in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2002, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. {{DOI|10.1002/14356007.a19_405}}</ref> ...on chemistry]], phenylenediamine is an important ligand precursor. Schiff base derivatives, such as those derived from [[salicylaldehyde]], are excellent

...]s (eg. in [[Otto fuel II]], [[smokeless powder]]s, in some US Army double-base propellants in [[solid rocket]]s, and in other applications involving nitri

...Gerulis, “Amines, Aromatic” in Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2005, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim.</ref> It is a weak base, with a ''K''_b of 10⁻¹⁴. With strong acids, it for

...OH. Typically available as a white powder,<ref name=crc>[[CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics]] 65th Ed.</ref> it is commonly used as a developer in [[black ...llization (chemistry)|recrystallised]] from hot water. In the presence of base, it oxidizes readily. The ''N''-methyl and ''N'',''N''-dimethyl derivative

...ponge has several very interesting properties; one is its very high [[Acid-base reaction theories|basicity]]; another is its spectroscopic properties. ...as been used in organic synthesis as a highly selective [[non-nucleophilic base]].

Safranin is also used as [[redox indicator]] in [[analytical chemistry]]. ...nd by the action of ''para''-nitrosodialkylanilines with secondary [[base (chemistry)|bases]] such as diphenylmetaphenylenediamine. They are [[crystalline]] sol

...zurol Purple''', '''Duranol Brilliant Violet TG''', '''Ahcoquinone Blue IR base''', '''Disperse Blue 72''', and '''C.I. 60725''', is a synthetic [[anthraqu ...thraquinone Dyes and Intermediates” Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2002 Wiley-VCH, Weinhem. {{DOI|10.1002/14356007.a02_355}}</ref>

'''Ethidium bromide''' is an [[intercalation (chemistry)|intercalating]] agent commonly used as a [[fluorescent tag]] ([[nucleic ac ==Structure, chemistry, fluorescence==

...only up to 38 percent,<ref>Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base [http://www.pharmgkb.org/do/serve?objId=975&objCls=DrugProperties entry on ...he sale of pseudoephedrine products in order to prevent the [[clandestine chemistry|clandestine manufacture]] of [[methamphetamine]]. Since 2004, phenylephrin

...dat, Dieter Mayer "Ethylene Oxide" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2005.{{DOI|10.1002/14356007.a10_117}}.</ref> ...tz mistakenly assumed that ethylene oxide has the properties of an organic base. This delusion lasted until 1896 when [[Georg Bredig]] found that ethylene

.../ied/pdf/LBNL-62419.pdf Outdoor ozone and building related symptoms in the BASE study]</ref> ...g, or toxic than those from which they are formed. These products of ozone chemistry include formaldehyde, higher molecular weight aldehydes, acidic aerosols, a

...to counteract the effects of dermatitis contracted by exposure to [[Base (chemistry)|basic]] irritants.

...al (or industrial) hygiene]], [[public health]], [[safety engineering]], [[chemistry]], [[health physics]]. **[[Base]]s

A [[Bivalent (chemistry)|bivalent]] element, beryllium is found naturally only combined with other ...reek]] word for sweet: γλυκυς, due to the sweet taste of its [[Salt (chemistry)|salts]].

..., Albrecht Hilt “Formaldehyde” in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2002, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. {{DOI|10.1002/14356007.a11_619}}</ref> In view ...% by volume or 37% by mass) in water, with a small amount of [[stabilizer (chemistry)|stabilizer]], usually [[methanol]] to limit [[oxidation]] and [[degree of

...) is a medical condition caused by increased levels of the [[Heavy metal (chemistry)|heavy metal]] [[lead]] in the body. Lead interferes with a variety of body ...ith many of the same [[enzyme]]s as these metals but, due to its differing chemistry, does not properly function as a cofactor, thus interfering with the enzyme

...alleable]] [[poor metal]]. It is also counted as one of the [[heavy metal (chemistry)|heavy metal]]s. Metallic lead has a bluish-white color after being freshly ==Chemistry==

...y a system of [[units of measurement]] devised around seven [[SI base unit|base units]] and the convenience of the number ten. It is the world's most widel ...tween the definition of a unit and its realisation. The definition of each base unit of the SI is carefully drawn up so that it is unique and provides a so

...2</sub> is often used as a solution in [[ethanol]]. It is the [[conjugate base]], not dmgH₂ itself, that forms the complexes. Furthermore, a pa ...hfuss, T.B.; Angelici, R. J.| title = Synthesis and Technique in Inorganic Chemistry: A Laboratory Manual | edition = 3rd | date = 1999 | pages = 213–215 }}</

| title = Handbook of Chemistry and Physics ...[[pyridine]]. This colourless solid is used as a ligand in [[coordination chemistry]].

...Hartmut Höke "Amines, Aliphatic" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2005 Wiley-VCH Verlag, Weinheim. {{DOI:10.1002/14356007.a02_001}}</ref> ...ments in biologically active compounds and exploitation of their synthetic chemistry | journal = Chemical Biology & Drug Design | year = 2006 | volume = 67 | is

...e^III and Fe^II |journal=European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry |volume=2004 |issue=21 |pages=4177–4192 |year=2004 |doi=10.1002/ejic.2004

...Acid and Related Chelating Agents" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2005.{{DOI|10.1002/14356007.a10_095}}</ref> ...r (II) diethylenetriaminepentaacetate monohydrate''] Journal of Structural Chemistry, Vol. 14, Nr. 3 (1973). [http://www.springerlink.com/content/u17110526v8647

...ing solvents, such as water.<ref>''Solvents and Solvent Effects in Organic Chemistry'', Christian Reichardt Wiley-VCH; 3 edition 2003 ISBN 3-527-30618-8</ref> T ...nfred Eggersdorfer “Ketones” in Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, 2002, Wienheim. {{DOI|10.1002/14356007.a15_077}}</ref>

...the conjugate acids of [[ligand]]s that bind [[metals]] to form [[complex (chemistry)|complexes]]. The metal [[ion]] usually has a charge of 2+ or 3+. A schem A porphyrin without metal in its cavity is a ''free base''. Some iron-containing porphyrins are called [[heme]]s. Heme-containing [

...o carboxylic acid]] and a colourless, water-soluble solid. Its [[conjugate base]] is named '''ethylenediaminetetraacetate'''. It is widely used to dissolve ...Acid and Related Chelating Agents" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2005.{{DOI|10.1002/14356007.a10_095}}</ref>

...g sequential [[liquid-liquid extraction]]s to purify [[acid]]s and [[base (chemistry)|bases]] from mixtures based on their chemical properties.<ref name=Harwood |title = Experimental organic chemistry: Principles and Practice

it is implied that the [[Activity (chemistry)|activity]] quotient is constant. In order for this assumption to be valid ...ed with solutions of known concentration, by means of a strong acid/strong base titration, for example, a modified Nernst equation is assumed.

...lysis occurs when a [[salt (chemistry)|salt]] of a [[weak acid]] or [[weak base]] (or both) is dissolved in water. Water autoionizes into negative hydroxyl ...dded in order to achieve hydrolysis where water has no effect. The acid or base is considered a [[catalyst]]. They are meant to speed up the reaction, but

...(s) of the complex(es) in solution. There are many areas of application in chemistry, biology and medicine. |title=Chemistry of Complex Equilibria

...the highest concentration in solutions in which there are multiple [[acid-base]] [[Chemical equilibrium|equilibria]].<ref name=pope>{{cite book|last=Pope| [[category:Acid-base chemistry]]

...e reaction is an [[hydrolysis]] reaction, as a water molecule, acting as a base, is split. Further condensation may occur, particularly with anions of high ...[[silica]] reacts with a basic oxide, an acid-base reaction in the [[acid-base reaction#Lux-Flood definition|Lux-Flood]] sense.

...the rates of [[Dissolution (chemistry)|dissolution]] and [[Precipitation (chemistry)|precipitation]] are equal to one another. When equilibrium is established, ...ion. This is characteristic of the dissolution of [[weak acid]]s or [[weak base]]s in aqueous media of varying [[pH]].

where {A} is the [[activity (chemistry)|activity]] of the chemical species A, etc. (activity is a dimensionless qu ...processes such as oxygen transport by [[haemoglobin]] in blood and [[acid-base homeostasis]] in the human body.

...|complex]] falls apart into its component [[molecules]], or when a [[salt (chemistry)|salt]] splits up into its component [[ions]]. The dissociation constant i == Acid base reactions ==

...nown as [[Dissociation (chemistry)|dissociation]] in the context of [[acid-base reactions]]. The equilibrium can be written symbolically as: ...at dissociates by splitting into A⁻, known as the [[conjugate base]] of the acid, and the [[hydrogen ion]] or [[proton]], H⁺, which

...implify the exposition. The equilibrium for protonation of the [[conjugate base]], A^- of the acid, may be written as ...lammonium chloride at various ionic strengths |journal=Journal of Solution Chemistry|volume=26|issue=6|pages=631–648|doi=10.1007/BF02767633}}</ref>

...meostasis]] concerning the proper balance between [[acid]]s and [[Chemical base|bases]], in other words, the [[pH]]. The body is very sensitive to its pH l The body's acid-base balance is tightly regulated. Several [[buffering agent]]s that reversibly

...lied to acid-base reactions for gaseous or liquid species, or when acid or base character may be somewhat less apparent. The first of these scientific conc == Historic acid-base theories ==

In chemistry, the '''law of mass action''' is a mathematical model that explains and pre ...he product of the concentrations of the participating molecules. In modern chemistry this is derived using [[statistical mechanics]].

...sub>O] = 1.8 &times; 10⁻¹⁶.<ref>McMurry, John. (2004) Organic Chemistry, pg 44</ref> For reactions in water (or diluted aqueous solutions), the [[m ...ef name=crc>{{cite book | author=Lide, D. R. (Ed.) | title=CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (70th Edn.) | publisher=Boca Raton (FL):CRC Press | year=1990}}

Name = Acid-base imbalance | '''Acid-base imbalance''' is an abnormality of the human body's normal [[acid-base homeostasis|balance of acids and bases]] that causes the [[blood plasma|pla

...[[amine]]s, pH indicators find many applications in biology and analytical chemistry. Moreover, pH indicators form one of the three main types of indicator comp Here HInd stands for the acid form and Ind^- for the conjugate base of the indicator. It is the ratio of these that determines the color of the

...hemical equilibrium|equilibrium]] pH in [[acid-base reaction theories|acid-base reactions]] (it is widely used to calculate the [[isoelectric point]] of pr :<math>\textrm{pH} = \textrm{pK}_{a}+\log \left ( \frac{[\textrm{conjugate base}]}{[\textrm{acid}]} \right ).</math>

...r [[salts]]) separate or split into smaller particles, ions, or [[Radical (chemistry)|radicals]], usually in a reversible manner. When a [[Bronsted-Lowry]] [[ac ...n a solution means the split-off of a [[proton]] H⁺, see [[Acid-base reaction theories]]. This is an equilibrium process, meaning that dissociat

...an also exist in a homogeneous system. A simple example occurs with [[acid-base]] equilibria such as the "dissociation" of [[acetic acid]], in aqueous solu At equilibrium the [[concentration (chemistry)|concentration]] quotient, ''K'', the [[acid dissociation constant]], is co

...[[hydrogen]] cation ([[proton]], H⁺), and a [[Base (chemistry)|base]] is a species with the ability to gain or "accept" a hydrogen cation (prot ...humb|upright=1.5|Water as both base and acid. One H₂O acts as a base and gains H⁺ to become H₃O⁺; the other H<s

...pplications include [[acid dissociation constant|acid-base]], [[Host-guest chemistry|host-guest]], [[stability constants of complexes|metal-complex]], [[solubil A [[Steady state (chemistry)|steady state]], on the other hand, is not necessarily an equilibrium state

...base component, see [[Buffering agent]]. For uses not related to acid-base chemistry, see [[Buffer (disambiguation)]].'' ...when a small amount of [[strong acid]] or [[Base_(chemistry)#Strong_bases|base]] is added to it. Buffer solutions are used as a means of keeping pH at a n

...cid-Base Reactions}}</ref> For an aqueous solution to have a higher pH, a base must be dissolved in it, which binds away many of these rare hydrogen ions. However, pH is not precisely p[H], but takes into account an [[activity (chemistry)|activity factor]]. This represents the tendency of hydrogen ions to inter

In [[chemistry]], '''homoconjugation''' has two meanings. Most commonly, it refers to the ...ncentration. This effect arises from the stabilization of the [[conjugate base]] by its formation of a [[hydrogen bond]] to the parent acid. A well known

..."Chamber Process Manufacture of Sulfuric Acid", Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Nov 1950, Vol 42, No. 11, pp 2208-10.</ref> As late as 1940, up to 50% of ...are used for making [[pharmaceutical]]s and [[dye]]stuffs. [[Analytical chemistry|Analytical]] grades are also available.

...rocess]], '''chemical equilibrium''' is the state in which the [[Activity (chemistry)|chemical activities]] or [[concentrations]] of the reactants and products ...ying out e.g. acid-base [[titration]], is an important part of equilibrium chemistry.]]

'''Linkage isomerism''' is the existence of [[Complex (chemistry)|co-ordination compound]]s that have the same composition differing with th ...Buckingham, D. A.; Creaser, I. I.; Sargeson, A. M. | title = Mechanism of Base Hydrolysis for Co^III(NH₃)₅X²⁺ I

Dipolar bonds occur when a [[Lewis base]] (an [[electron]] pair donor or giver) donates a pair of electrons to a [[ [[Category:Coordination chemistry]]

...polyamine metal hydroxide:<ref>G. L. Miessler and D. A. Tarr “Inorganic Chemistry” 3rd Ed, Pearson/Prentice Hall publisher, ISBN 0-13-035471-6.</ref> ...ex followed by proton transfer to give the hydroxy complex. The conjugate base resulting from deprotonation of the amine is rarely observed.<ref>Clark, C.

==Transition metal chemistry== ...lower the electrostatic repulsion between the electron-pair on the [[Lewis base|Lewis basic]] ligand and any electrons in orbitals with a ''z'' component,

{{about|ligands in inorganic chemistry|ligands in biochemistry|Ligand (biochemistry)|other uses|Ligand (disambigua ...nge from one to three. Ligands are viewed as [[Lewis_acids_and_bases|Lewis base]]s, although rare cases are known involving [[Lewis_acids_and_bases|Lewis a

...elements|11]] and [[group 12 elements|12]].<ref> Encyclopedia of Inorganic Chemistry, 1994, John Wiley and Sons, ISBN 0-471-93620-0</ref> Similarly, Lewis bases [[Category:Coordination chemistry]]

...] complexes, but resembles the [[SN2 reaction|Sn2 mechanism]] in [[organic chemistry]]. The opposite pathway is [[dissociative substitution]], being analogous Examples of associative mechanisms are commonly found in the chemistry of 16e square planar metal complexes, e.g. [[Vaska's complex]] and [[Potass

...] complexes, but resembles the [[SN1 reaction|Sn1 mechanism]] in [[organic chemistry]]. The opposite pathway is [[associative substitution]], being analogous t ...) of cobalt(III) complexes:<ref>G. L. Miessler and D. A. Tarr “Inorganic Chemistry” 3rd Ed, Pearson/Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-035471-6.</ref>

In [[chemistry]], a '''coordination complex''' or '''metal complex''', is a structure cons <ref>[http://www.chemistry-dictionary.com/definition/coordination+sphere.php chemistry-dictionary.com - Definition of coordination sphere]</ref>

In [[chemistry]], '''octahedral molecular geometry''' describes the shape of compounds whe ...nt kinds of ligands or with [[bidentate]] ligands can also be [[chirality (chemistry)|chiral]].

| B || [[Bodansky unit]] || [[Aaron Bodansky]] || clinical chemistry || || ||unit of [[alkaline phosphatase]] concentration in blood ...|synd|3136|Hampton's hump}} ||wedge shaped consolidation at periphery with base on the pleura

...es are acid-labile and base-stable. Structural phosphates are acid-stable, base-labile.<ref name=Janski>{{ cite journal |author=Janski AM, Srere PA, Cornel ...he cardiovascular system that is composed of [[blood cell]]s [[Suspension (chemistry)|suspended]] in [[Blood plasma|plasma]]. Its phosphate content is in many f

...ct effect on the proximal tubules to increase Na⁺ [[absorption (chemistry)|reabsorption]]. It has a complex and variable effect on [[glomerular filtr *''Clinical Physiology of Acid-Base and Electrolyte Disorders'', 5th ed., Burton David Rose & Theodore W. Post

...urillo-Rodriguez E, Hanuš LO |title=Cannabidiol--recent advances |journal=Chemistry & biodiversity |volume=4 |issue=8 |pages=1678–92 |year=2007 |month=August ...ub> and CB₂ cannabinoid receptors |journal=Journal of medicinal chemistry |volume=43 |issue=20 |pages=3778–85 |year=2000 |month=October |pmid=11020

...p>1</sup>-THC''' (using an older [[International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry nomenclature|chemical nomenclature]]), or '''dronabinol''', is the main [[p | title = Photochemical decomposition of cannabidiol in its resin base

==Chemistry== ..., over 12 different analogues of fentanyl have been produced [[clandestine chemistry|clandestinely]] and identified in the U.S. drug traffic. The biological eff

...harmaceutical company and marketed under the brand name '''Sernyl'''. In [[Chemistry|chemical]] structure, PCP is an arylcyclohexylamine derivative, and, in [[ ...their putative similar effects.<ref>[http://www.erowid.org/archive/rhodium/chemistry/pcp/pcp_index.html PCP synthesis and effects: table of contents<!-- Bot gen

==Chemistry== Salvinorin A is not an [[alkaloid]], (meaning it does not contain a [[Base (chemistry)|basic]] [[nitrogen]]), unlike most known [[opioid receptor]] [[ligand]]s.<

== Chemistry == ...s as (+)-3-methoxy-17-methyl-9α,13α,14α-[[morphinan]]. As the pure free base, dextromethorphan occurs as an odorless, white to slightly yellow crystalli

...early 20th centuries, natural harvesting of immense quantities formed the base of the production of cinchona [[alkaloid]]s. This industry was carried on p ...armacy]], [[botany]], [[medicine]], [[trade]], theoretical and practical [[chemistry]], and [[tropical]] [[agriculture]]. Circa 1650, the [[physician]] [[Sebast

| journal = Industrial & Engineering Chemistry}}</ref> Because of the [[strain (chemistry)|strain]] in the carbon-carbon bonds of cyclopropane, the molecule has an e

...' “Chlorinated Hydrocarbons” in Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2006, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. {{DOI|10.1002/14356007.a06_233.pub2}}</ref> ...esticide]]s. Chloroform is an effective solvent for [[alkaloid]]s in their base form and thus plant material is commonly extracted with chloroform for phar

...upposed health benefits of raw (not [[pasteurized]], not [[Homogenization (chemistry)|homogenized]]) milk, and whether authorities responsible for regulating fo {{Main|Homogenization (chemistry)}}

...macerated oils|Macerated oils]] are made by infusing parts of plants in a base oil a process known as [[Liquid-liquid extraction|maceration]]. * [[Avocado oil]], a nutty-flavored culinary oil, also used as a base for [[List of macerated oils|infusions]].<ref>{{cite web

...(Vitellaria paradoxa) Nut Fat Profiles]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 58, 7811-7819.</ref> Shea butter is used as a base for medicinal [[ointment]]s, and has been claimed to have [[anti-inflammato

...n an inertia guidance sub-system for the X-20 project at [[Eglin Air Force Base]], Florida, utilizing an [[McDonnell F-101 Voodoo|NF-101B Voodoo]] by Augus ...volved in the Honeywell Nobel Initiative, a program that takes Physics and Chemistry Nobel Laureates to lecture at special programs all around the world and see

A specific type of [[thermal]] [[Interface (chemistry)|interface]] material is put between the heat sink and the heat source to i A heat sink usually consists of a base with one or more flat surfaces and an array of comb or fin-like protrusions