Chlorpropamide

Chlorpropamide

File:Chlorpropamide.svg
Systematic (IUPAC) name
4-chloro-N-(propylcarbamoyl)benzenesulfonamide
Clinical data
[[Regulation of therapeutic goods |Template:Engvar data]]	US FDA: Chlorpropamide
Pharmacokinetic data
Biological half-life	36 hours
Identifiers
CAS Number	94-20-2
ATC code	A10BB02 (WHO)
PubChem	CID 2727
DrugBank	APRD00029
ChemSpider	2626
Chemical data
Formula	C10H13ClN2O3S
Molar mass	276.74 g/mol[[]]
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Chlorpropamide is a drug in the sulphonylurea class used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is a long-acting sulphonylurea. It has more side effects than other sulphonylureas and its use is no longer recommended.

Mechanism of action

Like other sulphonylureas, chlorpropamide acts to increase the secretion of insulin, so it is only effective in patients who have some pancreatic beta cell function. It can cause relatively long episodes of hypoglycemia; this is one reason why shorter-acting sulfonylureas such as gliclazide or tolbutamide are used instead. The risk of hypoglycemia makes this drug a poor choice for the elderly and patients with mild to moderate hepatic and renal impairment.

Cautions and contraindications

Chlorpropamide and other sulphonylureas encourage weight gain, so they are generally not favored for use in very obese patients. Metformin is considered a better drug for these patients. Sulfonylureas should be avoided in patients with hepatic and renal impairment, patients with porphyria, patients who are breastfeeding, and patients with ketoacidosis. Not indicated for patients more than 65 years of age.

Other side effects

Other side effects of chlorpropamide include gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation. It may cause facial flushing after the ingestion of alcohol. It may increase secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which can lead to hyponatremia.

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