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...erse effect]] associated with chloramphenicol treatment is [[bone marrow]] toxicity, which may occur in two distinct forms: [[bone marrow suppression]], which ...ntyre_2004>{{cite journal | author = McIntyre J, Choonara I | title = Drug toxicity in the neonate. | journal = Biol Neonate | volume = 86 | issue = 4 | pages

...causes the production of toxic products to anaerobic cells, and allows for selective accumulation in anaerobes. ...ed risk of [[peripheral neuropathy]] and/or [[central nervous system|CNS]] toxicity.<ref name="AMH2006" />

...y|German]] chemist [[Paul Ehrlich]] was developing theories of [[selective toxicity]] based largely on the ability of certain [[dye]]s to kill [[microbe]]s. [[

...se effect (medicine)|side effect]]s include tinnitus or loss of hearing, [[toxicity to kidneys]], and [[allergic]] reactions to the [[medication|drug]].<ref>{{ Kanamycin is used in molecular biology as a selective agent most commonly to isolate [[bacteria]] (e.g., ''[[E. coli]]'') which h

...a new era in antiviral therapy,<ref name=deClercq2005/> as it is extremely selective and low in [[cytotoxicity]]. [[Pharmacology|Pharmacologist]] [[Gertrude B. ===Toxicity===

...sion of codeine to morphine. The most well-known of these are two of the [[selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor]]s, [[paroxetine]] (Paxil) and [[fluoxetine]] ...ls for therapeutic effect and a poor metaboliser (PM) may suffer from drug toxicity due to slow drug clearance and excessive plasma concentration, prodrugs lik

...JW, Darkin-Rattray S, Xie F, Neims AH, Rowe TC |title=4-Quinolones cause a selective loss of mitochondrial DNA from mouse L1210 leukemia cells |journal=J. Cell. ...avoid an accumulation that may lead to an overdose and the development of toxicity. Ciprofloxacin is eliminated primarily by renal excretion. However, the dru

...ertainly a sound precaution for the determination of sulfide with an [[ion selective electrode]], it might however hamper the development of the blue color if t In neuroscience, methylene blue can also serve as a non-selective inhibitor of [[NO synthase]].

...ith [[olanzapine]] as '''[[Symbyax]]''') is an [[antidepressant]] of the [[selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor]] (SSRI) class. It is manufactured and markete ...master FP, Engleman EA |title=Prozac (fluoxetine, Lilly 110140), the first selective serotonin uptake inhibitor and an antidepressant drug: twenty years since i

...was partly due to aspirin, as the aspirin doses used at times can lead to toxicity, fluid in the lungs, and in some cases contribute to secondary bacterial in ...ler, aspirin is inferior to ibuprofen. Aspirin has higher gastrointestinal toxicity than ibuprofen. The maximum dose of aspirin (1 g) provides weaker pain reli

...5">{{cite journal |author=Korpi ER, Kuner T, Seeburg PH, Lüddens H |title=Selective antagonist for the cerebellar granule cell-specific gamma-aminobutyric acid Furosemide may cause [[digoxin]] toxicity due to hypokalemia.

...profen and other NSAIDS without gastrointestinal uleceration and bleeding, selective [[COX-2 inhibitor]]s were developed to inhibit the COX-2 isoform without in ...st incidence of digestive [[adverse drug reaction]]s (ADRs) of all the non-selective NSAIDs. However, this only holds true at lower doses of ibuprofen, so over-

...o, with the certain toxicity of HIV infection outweighing the risk of drug toxicity. One of AZT's side effects is [[anemia]], a common complaint in early trial ...irin) and [[trimethoprim]], decrease the elimination rate and increase the toxicity.<!--

...; the risk is heightened by [[Ethanol|alcohol consumption]]. [[Paracetamol toxicity]] is the foremost cause of [[acute liver failure]] in the [[Western world]] ...acetin, blamed as the cause of [[analgesic nephropathy]] and hematological toxicity.<ref name=pmid17227290/>

...nt for managing acute seizures; benzodiazepines also have a relatively low toxicity in overdose.<ref name="Riss-2008"/> Diazepam is a core medicine in the [[Wo ...t2 = Witschi | first2 = R. | last3 = Hösl | first3 = K. | title = Subtype-selective GABAA receptor mimetics--novel antihyperalgesic agents? | url = http://www.

...t in prevention of toxicity and also in assigning gifblaar as the cause of toxicity in an outbreak. It is a small, low-growing, non-descript shrub and thus eas ==Toxicity & biochemistry==

...n combination with alcohol potentiates the side effects, and can lead to [[toxicity]] and [[death]]. ...levels. The paper concluded that due to concerns about long term use both toxicity and tolerance and dependence as well as controversy over long term efficacy

...us potassium conductances in physiology and biophysics. It is a relatively selective blocker of members of Kv1 ([[Shaker gene|Shaker]], KCNA) family of voltage- The drug has been shown to reverse [[tetrodotoxin]] toxicity in animal experiments.<ref>[http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic342.htm Oct

...Sawada K (1990) 4'-[(4-Piperidyl)carbonyl]methanesulfonanilides as potent, selective, bioavailable class III antiarrhythmic agents. ''J Med Chem'' '''33''', 3, == Toxicity ==

...diamond wire saws, diamond belt saws, burners (jet-piercers), or light and selective blasting with [[Primacord]], a weak explosive. ...al performance measures (e.g. [[global warming]], acidification potential, toxicity, [[ozone depletion]] potentials) over the full life cycle of a product, a b

...umans, but is instead a dietary requirement. This allows for the selective toxicity to bacterial cells (or any cell dependent on synthesizing folic acid) over

...first4=L.P. | last5=Tainter | first5=M.L. | year=1972 | title= Acute oral toxicity of methylrosaniline chloride | volume=22 | pages=1–5 | doi=10.1016/0041-0 ...912.<ref>{{citation | last=Churchman | first=J.W. | year=1912 | title= The selective bactericidal action of gentian violet | journal= Journal of Experimental Me

...men by about 50%. A recent{{When|date=May 2010}} study reported that the [[selective estrogen receptor modulator]] [[raloxifene]] has similar benefits to [[tamo The effect of [[COX-2 selective inhibitor|COX-2 inhibitors]] such as [[rofecoxib]] and [[celecoxib]] upon t

...demand for other xylene isomers, a refinement of the TDP process called '''Selective TDP''' (STDP) may be used. In this process, the xylene stream exiting the T ...tly used as an industrial solvent, especially for degreasing metal. As its toxicity became obvious, benzene was supplanted by other solvents, especially [[tolu

...The high affinity of 18-crown-6 for potassium ions contributes towards its toxicity. ...her Compounds and Their Application to an Ion Sensing Component for an Ion-Selective Electrode |journal = Anal. Chem. |year = 1995 |volume = 67 |pages = 324–3

...tribution within the body (''e.g.'', [[intracellular]]), are somewhat less selective in their binding to proteins, and finally are often extensively metabolized ...ite journal |author= Cronin D, Mark T |title=The Role of Hydrophobicity in Toxicity Prediction|journal=Current Computer - Aided Drug Design |volume=2 |issue=4

....|coauthors=Contino, A; Longo, E; Sciotto, D; Spoto, G; J.|date=2001|title=Selective complexation of soft Pb2+ and Hg2+ by a novel allyl functionalized thioamid ...tration of free Gd³⁺ is almost negligible, certainly well below toxicity threshold.<ref>{{cite book|last=Runge|first=V.M.|coauthors=Scott, S.|title=

...ub> receptors.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Huffman JW |title=The search for selective ligands for the CB₂ receptor |journal=Curr. Pharm. Des. |volume= ...binoids produced by a plant is known as the plant's cannabinoid profile. [[Selective breeding]] has been used to control the genetics of plants and modify the c

Menthol has [[analgesic]] properties that are mediated through a selective activation of κ-[[opioid receptors]].<ref>{{cite journal | author = Galeot ...orted nutrient or herb interactions involve menthol. (−)-Menthol has low toxicity: Oral (rat) [[Median lethal dose|LD₅₀]]: 3300&thinsp;mg/kg; Skin

...-133]].<ref>Marriott KS, Huffman JW. Recent advances in the development of selective ligands for the cannabinoid CB(2) receptor. ''Current Topics in Medicinal C ...sposition''. 2002 Oct;30(10):1077-86. PMID 12228183</ref> [[Benzo(a)pyrene#Toxicity|Epoxidation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons]] can produce [[carcinogeni

...luoropentyl)-3-(2-iodobenzoyl)indole) is a drug which acts as a potent and selective [[agonist]] for the [[cannabinoid receptor]] [[Cannabinoid receptor 1|CB<su ...f these drugs, with concerns instead relating to the potential for chronic toxicity with extended use.

...apse and further rises in postsynaptic calcium levels, contributing to the selective vulnerability of MNs in ALS. Jaiswal et al., 2009.<ref name="pmid19545440"> ...izure]] activity, though this report went unnoticed for several years. The toxicity of glutamate was then observed by [[D. R. Lucas]] and [[J. P. Newhouse]] in

...l. 2009]].</ref> ''Salvia divinorum'' is generally understood to be of low toxicity (high [[LD50|LD₅₀]])<ref name="Mowry2003p382" /><ref>[[#refGrund ...anshahidi2006p431" /> Research has shown that salvinorin A is a potent and selective [[Kappa opioid receptor|κ-Opioid (kappa-Opioid) receptor]] [[agonist]].<re

...[[enzyme]] [[cyclooxygenase]] (COX). Like most NSAIDs, ketorolac is a non-selective COX inhibitor. ...ed]] for obstetrical administration and has demonstrable [[Fetus|fetal]] [[toxicity]] in [[Animal testing|laboratory animals]].

...ecommended to replace use of diclofenac, due to side effects in humans and toxicity in livestock eaten by vultures.<ref name=BBC3/> ...s alleging wrongful death by [[heart attack]], yet other significantly COX-selective NSAIDs such as diclofenac have been well-tolerated by most of the populatio

Meloxicam use can result in gastrointestinal toxicity and bleeding, [[tinnitus]], blinding headaches, rash, very dark or black st | title = Improvement in gastrointestinal tolerability of the selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor, meloxicam, compared with piroxicam: resul

...onstrated that etodolac inhibition of [[cyclooxygenase]] is somewhat COX-2 selective <ref> http://www.pnas.org/content/96/13/7563.short </ref> similar to [[cele ...ions. Patients also taking [[ciclosporin]] (Sandimmune) can develop kidney toxicity. Use in [[children]] has not been adequately studied. Etodolac is not hab

'''COX-2 selective inhibitor''' is a form of [[Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug]] (NSAID) ...Laine L, Reicin A, ''et al.'' |title=Comparison of upper gastrointestinal toxicity of rofecoxib and naproxen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. VIGOR Stud

Piroxicam is an [[NSAID]] and, as such, is a non-selective [[cyclooxygenase|COX]] inhibitor possessing both analgesic and [[antipyreti Piroxicam use can result in [[gastrointestinal]] toxicity, [[tinnitus]], [[dizziness]], [[headache]], [[rash]], and [[pruritus]]. Th

===Selective COX-2 inhibitors (Coxibs)=== ...y, Pm; Baigent, C; Godwin, J; Halls, H; Emberson, Jr; Patrono, C |title=Do selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors and traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory

...ity of tricaine methanesulfonate: metabolism as a basis of the selectivity toxicity in poikilotherms."''J Pharmacol Exp Ther'''''198'''(3):695-708. [PMID 18535

...prove athletic performance.<ref name="emedicineonGHB">{{cite web | title = Toxicity, Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate | date = 8 January 2007 | author = Theodore I Benzer ...>{{cite journal |author=Castelli MP, Ferraro L, Mocci I, ''et al.'' |title=Selective gamma-hydroxybutyric acid receptor ligands increase extracellular glutamate