Clotrimazole

Clotrimazole

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Systematic (IUPAC) name
1-[(2-chlorophenyl)(diphenyl)methyl]-1H-imidazole
Clinical data
Pregnancy category	AU: A C (oral) & B (topical) (US)
Routes of administration	topical
Legal status
Legal status	UK: Pharmacy medicines
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	Poorly and erratically absorbed orally
Protein binding	90%
Metabolism	hepatic
Biological half-life	2 hours
Identifiers
CAS Number	23593-75-1
ATC code	A01AB18 (WHO) D01AC01 G01AF02 QJ02AB90
PubChem	CID 2812
DrugBank	APRD00244
ChemSpider	2710
Chemical data
Formula	C22H17ClN2
Molar mass	344.837 g/mol[[]]
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Clotrimazole (brand name Canesten) is an antifungal medication commonly used in the treatment of fungal infections of both humans and animals such as vaginal yeast infections, oral thrush, and ringworm. It is also used to treat athlete's foot and jock itch.

Indications and formulations

File:Canesten.jpg

Canesten anti-fungal cream (AU)

It is commonly available as an over-the-counter substance in various dosage forms, such as a cream, and also (especially in the case of ear infection) as a combination medicine. It is also available as a troche (prescription only). For ear infection, it is often applied in liquid form, as ear drops. Fungal infections can be slow to clear up, so the usual course for an anti-fungal agent is, in general, longer than the typical 3–7 days of an antibiotic.

Drug interactions

Potential for drug interactions with clotrimazole oral exists, as it is a potent, specific inhibitor of cytochrome P450 oxidase and may alter the metabolism of other drugs.

Side-effects

Side effects include Skin rash, hives, blistering, burning, itching, peeling, redness, stinging, swelling, or other sign of skin irritation.

Production

This compound (3) is produced by alkylating imidazole (1) with o-chlorotrityl chloride (2) in acetone, with triethylamine as the base.

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Environmental impact

Some research suggests that, in combination with other commonly used chemicals, clotrimazole has negative effects on the ocean environment, in particular microalgae.

External links

• MedlinePlus — Clotrimazole

sv:Klotrimazol