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From Self-sufficiency
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- ...problems and if you need to purchase a chuck they are pretty much equal in cost to a direct mounting threaded chuck.4 KB (675 words) - 18:22, 23 June 2010
- '''By cost?''' A rear axle shaft with bearings and a hub should cost almost1 KB (223 words) - 22:08, 18 June 2010
- ...did the 8.8-cm FlaK 18/36/37 on its pedestal mounting. Because of the high cost and complexity of this FlaK gun, the Germans manufactured relatively few of22 KB (3,358 words) - 22:40, 1 July 2010
- In the USA, ENCO "USA" made “screw machine” bits are low cost and very good quality.4 KB (678 words) - 18:11, 19 June 2010
- ...cations, where its efficiency more than compensates for the higher initial cost, and associated risk. Though it was once fairly popular for home air condit ...ogeek.org/content/view/2382/74/ $25 Fridge Powered By Cooking Fire] (a low cost and eco-friendly 21st century version of this idea)10 KB (1,638 words) - 22:00, 19 June 2010
- ...the cooling effect, and the section strengthens the. fins and re duces the cost. I find that the channel-like fins are a very decided advantage over the us ...easy operation, makes my device available for domestic refrigeration at a cost which is very much lower than present systems, and brings artificial refrig36 KB (6,093 words) - 22:12, 19 June 2010
- Grinder. The logistics and cost of getting a machine frame to one of these monsters11 KB (2,080 words) - 19:59, 21 June 2010
- ...in several European and Asian countries because the war prevented easy and cost-effective access to oil. In more recent times, wood gas has been suggested11 KB (1,707 words) - 18:26, 24 June 2010
- ...al oiling = $8. It can print its own replacement printed parts at material cost. | Material Cost||[[PLA]]: €22/kg, HDPE: €11/kg, [[ABS]]: €17/kg|| [[PLA]]: $5 KB (768 words) - 16:54, 11 September 2010
- |Ship original cost= Tucumcari was built for operation by the Navy at a cost of $4 million by a Boeing subcontractor in Portland, Oregon, and then assem10 KB (1,456 words) - 19:35, 2 July 2010
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- ...and ease of use. More sophisticated "missile" based systems have severe ''cost and "need-of-training" negative factors'' by comparison with this [[Bazooka ...at enabled it to be fired from enclosed spaces, was rejected due to higher cost and lack of effective range against moving targets.</ref>23 KB (3,570 words) - 20:53, 1 July 2010
- ...g system and has the disadvantage of being more expensive in both original cost and ammunition. Muzzle-loading guns are far superior to breech-loaders in s Despite a further report which remarked on the advantages of breech-loaders, cost dominated the proceedings and the Committee finally announced that ''"The b12 KB (1,795 words) - 19:15, 27 September 2011
- ...intelligence and target location at a range of 8 km or more) and low-cost precision kill (LCPK) missile (fireable on direct shot at an 8 km+ ran ...wide array of weapons for different engagements. Its direct fire with low cost rockets will be able to take down direct targets at an 8+ km range with an7 KB (1,002 words) - 21:26, 1 July 2010
- To capitalise on the advantage given by using a lower cost seeker the Soviet designers also produced a new flight control system:8 KB (1,193 words) - 22:47, 1 July 2010
- ...Guided Missile Development Program]] (IGMDP). Nag has been developed at a cost of [[Rs]] 300 [[crore]].<ref name = "nag induction">[http://timesofindia.in13 KB (1,983 words) - 21:26, 1 July 2010
- ...found in field condition tests to be impractical both from a technical and cost standpoint. <ref name=IDR>{{cite journal|first=B.|last=Fritz|title=A Guided ...this unique and simplified SACLOS tracking system provides for a far more cost effective solution and enable the Eryx to be highly resistant to decoys or15 KB (2,342 words) - 21:27, 1 July 2010
- ...et cost US$1.4 million, but this figure did not take into account the cost of the guns themselves.<ref name="Mark7"/>11 KB (1,599 words) - 22:20, 1 July 2010
- ...mmission on the Defence of the United Kingdom]] estimated that each cannon cost approximately £167.<ref name=Hogg25>Hogg, p. 25</ref> Over 2000 were cast15 KB (2,238 words) - 22:38, 1 July 2010
- ...ed around this "vertical gun", but the project ran into serious technology/cost problems and was radically scaled back to a more conventional 6.1 inch7 KB (1,033 words) - 16:45, 3 July 2010
- ...e|veterinary]] [[surgery]] and in the [[Third World]] because of its lower cost.6 KB (845 words) - 11:06, 20 September 2010
- The CRN-91 Naval gun is not a sophisticated weapon but its operational cost is very low. The gun is suited for vessels primarily designed for peace tim2 KB (291 words) - 16:50, 2 July 2010
- ...igger charge for better [[muzzle velocity]] and higher rate of fire at the cost of hitting power. It entered U.S. Navy and [[United States Marine Corps|U.S3 KB (397 words) - 16:56, 2 July 2010
- * '''Cost''': €16 million9 KB (1,123 words) - 20:14, 2 July 2010
- ...0 mm round, coupled with the larger and heavier 20 mm projectile cost some [[muzzle velocity]] (950 m/s for the 15 mm round vs. 800 m/s for10 KB (1,476 words) - 20:52, 2 July 2010
- ...e use of a live warhead, and insisted [[Bureau of Ordnance|BuOrd]] pay the cost of refloating her if she was hit in error.<ref name="Blair, p.62"/> How thi22 KB (3,432 words) - 20:55, 2 July 2010
- ..., entering service in 1946. It was 30% lighter than its predecessor at the cost of a 23% lower [[muzzle velocity]].2 KB (356 words) - 21:06, 2 July 2010
- ...ty of 830 m/s (versus 490 m/s for the original Becker 20x70RB gun), at the cost of increased weight and a reduced rate of fire (280 rpm). The purpose of th14 KB (2,312 words) - 21:07, 2 July 2010
- * '''Cost''': $1.5 Million (gun system only - no radar)26 KB (3,744 words) - 21:11, 2 July 2010
- The '''Polsten''' was a low cost Polish development of the 20 mm [[Oerlikon 20 mm cannon|Oerlikon gun]]. The ...cost of one Oerlikon cannon was about [[Pound sterling|£350]], while the cost of the Polsten was between £60 and £70.4 KB (640 words) - 21:11, 2 July 2010
- ...oduction cost 1859 - 1862; £650 Elswick Ordnance (Armstrongs) production cost 1862-3. Report of the Select Committee on Ordnance 1862. The gun was not so15 KB (2,321 words) - 21:21, 2 July 2010
- |unit_cost=£1005 10s.<ref>Unit cost of £1005 10 shillings 2 pence is quoted in "The British Navy" Volume II, 18 KB (1,196 words) - 21:21, 2 July 2010
- |unit_cost=£1,715 13s.<ref>Unit cost of £1,715 13 shillings 5 pence is quoted in "The British Navy" Volume II,5 KB (696 words) - 21:22, 2 July 2010
- |unit_cost=£2,154<ref>Unit cost of £2,153 13 shillings 9 pence is quoted in "The British Navy" Volume II,5 KB (632 words) - 21:23, 2 July 2010
- |unit_cost=£739 18s.<ref>Unit cost of £739 17 shillings 8 pence is quoted in "The British Navy" Volume II, 189 KB (1,411 words) - 21:24, 2 July 2010
- ...e weapon system for its [[ATF Dingo]] that uses periscopes to decrease the cost and reduce the risk of failure. Recently, KMW has developed the light "FLW4 KB (542 words) - 21:26, 2 July 2010
- ...Royal Oak (1674)|Royal Oak]]''.<ref>Spencer, p.351; Endsor, p.9.</ref> The cost of the gun led to a [[fraud]] investigation by the Naval Commissioner [[Sam2 KB (328 words) - 21:28, 2 July 2010
- * Unit cost: £7,500 <ref name="EVER">[http://www.everything2.com/index.pl?node_id=14527 KB (974 words) - 21:34, 2 July 2010
- ...ight vision camera, and the IR camera can be replaced by a ImIR, at higher cost. Development to incorporate the dual band IR, night vision camera, and the6 KB (960 words) - 21:38, 2 July 2010
- ...magnetizing current in the rotor, but are restricted in size, owing to the cost of the magnet material. Since the permanent magnet field is constant, the t ...ngine, improving output when the engine is idling. The availability of low-cost solid-state [[diode]]s from about 1960 onward allowed car manufacturers to17 KB (2,452 words) - 16:44, 15 September 2010
- ...centrifugal pumps can be used as turbines, with comparatively low purchase cost compared to purpose-built turbines. ...st of operating a hydroelectric plant is nearly immune to increases in the cost of [[fossil fuel]]s such as [[Petroleum|oil]], [[natural gas]] or coal, and39 KB (5,447 words) - 23:02, 2 July 2010
- ...oronary angiographic procedures, with minimal adverse effects and at a low cost"<ref>{{cite journal | author = Kay J, Chow WH, Chan TM, Lo SK, Kwok OH, Yip28 KB (3,682 words) - 16:42, 27 September 2010
- ...suppliers' inability to fill orders.<ref name="cdc.gov"/> The approximate cost of a 1 ml ampoule of naloxone in the US is estimated to be significant33 KB (4,541 words) - 10:57, 17 June 2016
- ...This recommendation may yet change now that a single dose of ceftriaxone (cost US$3) has been shown to be equivalent to one dose of oily chloramphenicol.<29 KB (3,876 words) - 16:42, 27 September 2010
- ...tial ramifications of its use. Gentamicin is well known to be a cheap, low cost yet old medicine as compared to modern alternatives, and is typically US$3-9 KB (1,199 words) - 16:43, 27 September 2010
- ...rst line treatment, except in medically under-served populations where the cost of more expensive treatments are prohibitive.9 KB (1,069 words) - 15:06, 6 July 2010
- ...l widely used in first-line therapy in developing countries due to its low cost and widespread availability. [[Zidovudine]] (AZT) or [[Tenofovir]] (TDF) ar4 KB (574 words) - 16:44, 27 September 2010
- ...such as Efavir by Cipla Ltd<ref>www.cipla.com</ref> for a fraction of the cost.10 KB (1,441 words) - 16:45, 27 September 2010
- ...single-dose nevirapine prophylaxis in many developing world settings as a cost-effective way of reducing mother-to-child transmission. However, in the Uni15 KB (2,090 words) - 16:45, 27 September 2010
- ...[[Food and Drug Administration|FDA]] on July 12, 2006. In the UK, the drug cost to the NHS is {{GB£}}620 per month. ...[[Merck & Co.]]<ref>{{cite web | author= | title=Merck To Register, Lower Cost Of Antiretroviral Atripla In Developing Countries | url=http://www.medicaln6 KB (773 words) - 16:45, 27 September 2010
- ...Scott AI, Morton JM, ''et al.'' |title=Intravenous ribavirin is a safe and cost-effective treatment for respiratory syncytial virus infection after lung tr23 KB (3,222 words) - 16:45, 27 September 2010
- ...45 |year=1997 |month=March |author=Hueston, Wj |title=Antibiotics: neither cost effective nor 'cough' effective. |volume=44 |issue=3 |pages=261–5 |journa88 KB (11,930 words) - 16:46, 27 September 2010
- ...his needs to be considered against pressure drop, which will affect energy cost. Careful consideration of particle size distribution can provide significan Current concerns with the high energy/cost nature of thermal regeneration of activated carbon has encouraged research41 KB (5,738 words) - 16:47, 27 September 2010
- ...acetaminophen) and caffeine (Excedrin) is still more effective, but at the cost of more stomach discomfort, nervousness and dizziness.<ref name=pmid795582278 KB (10,918 words) - 16:52, 27 September 2010
- ...t and estimated future public health relevance, and potential for safe and cost-effective treatment. ...s complementary on the basis of consistent higher costs or less attractive cost-effectiveness in a variety of settings.5 KB (722 words) - 16:47, 27 September 2010
- == Cost / benefit == In the UK in 2008 the typical per patient cost to the NHS of simvastatin was approx £1.50 per month.14 KB (1,967 words) - 16:48, 27 September 2010
- ...However, the separation of acetic acid from these by-products adds to the cost of the process. ...can produce vinegar of up to 20% acetic acid. At present, it remains more cost-effective to produce vinegar using ''Acetobacter'' than to produce it using41 KB (5,915 words) - 16:49, 27 September 2010
- ...o G, Meads C, Bayliss S, Ready A, Raftery J, Taylor R | title=Clinical and cost-effectiveness of newer immunosuppressive regimens in renal transplantation:11 KB (1,410 words) - 16:49, 27 September 2010
- ...lbutamol inhalers are "brand-name" (ProAir, Proventil, and Ventolin). They cost approximately $20 more per inhaler than existing generic CFC salbutamol inh15 KB (2,005 words) - 16:49, 27 September 2010
- ...jornson CL, Johnson DW}}</ref><ref name="Thomas">{{Cite journal |title=The cost-effective use of nebulized racemic epinephrine in the treatment of croup |j22 KB (2,916 words) - 16:50, 27 September 2010
- ...es out the use of mercury in batteries, and provides for the efficient and cost-effective disposal of many types of used batteries.<ref name="epa regs">{{c69 KB (10,077 words) - 21:35, 20 September 2010
- | Material Cost ==What kind of materials can you print with and what is the cost per pound of material?==8 KB (1,417 words) - 22:06, 21 November 2011
- * It uses low cost parts and construction to make it easier for others to design or build thei4 KB (551 words) - 21:37, 16 July 2010
- ...ing the bits laser cut out, Ill give you a rough costing of how much these cost as well.<br/> ...bad when you consider a commercial unit of this strength and quality will cost you around 1600.2 KB (475 words) - 12:36, 29 August 2010
- 124 Operadio Mfg coSt. Charles, IL<br/>10 KB (1,339 words) - 17:24, 31 August 2010
- ...he production of scarce resources becomes relatively expensive and a large cost to consumers and firms that need to pay a higher price for these goods and8 KB (1,163 words) - 15:33, 18 September 2010
- |unit cost=37 KB (5,369 words) - 21:55, 17 February 2018
- ..." Under questioning he admitted billing unpurchased insurance and half the cost of trips Allen took on his plane back to him without Allen's knowledge. As3 KB (491 words) - 13:31, 19 September 2010
- ...yclopedia was made available free online (at a time when the print version cost roughly $1250); however, this changed in early 2001. Despite an enormous a3 KB (441 words) - 13:31, 19 September 2010
- ...hen eliminated them entirely. A company spokesperson said: "We've had some cost reductions and belt-tightening but we're not going into details… We're a7 KB (845 words) - 13:31, 19 September 2010
- ...s responded by reducing the price of its products and implementing drastic cost cuts. According to a 2003 report in the ''[[New York Post]]'', the ''Britan94 KB (12,721 words) - 13:31, 19 September 2010
- * {{cite book|author=-|year=1933| title=What Gods cost Man |publisher=Haldeman-Julius Publications| location= Girard, Kansas |seri14 KB (2,055 words) - 13:32, 19 September 2010
- ...k]]. The 14th edition took three years to complete, at the then exorbitant cost of $2.5 million dollars, all of it invested by [[Julius Rosenwald]] of [[Se The 15th edition was produced over ten years at a cost of $32 million dollars and released in 1974 in 30 volumes. The so-called ''61 KB (8,890 words) - 13:32, 19 September 2010
- It is also available as a generic. The major cost is that it must be mixed by a [[compounding |compounding pharmacy]] and the4 KB (610 words) - 09:43, 20 September 2010
- ...only used. These sealers are used to extend the life and lower maintenance cost associated with asphalt pavements, primarily in asphalt road paving, car pa5 KB (781 words) - 10:07, 20 September 2010
- ...plastic was nicknamed Parkesine. Due to an extremely expensive production cost of raw materials as well as the combustability of the finished product, the ...ystyrene]] (PS)''' offers excellent clarity and stiffness at an economical cost. It is commonly used with dry products including vitamins, petroleum jellie9 KB (1,285 words) - 15:54, 15 April 2013
- CEM-1 is low cost, flame retardant, cellulose paper based laminate with only one layer of wov882 bytes (126 words) - 14:48, 10 December 2011
- ...per for [[printing]], [[painting]] and [[writing]]. Chemical pulps tend to cost more than [[mechanical pulp]]s, largely due to the low yield, 40–50% of t21 KB (3,131 words) - 10:08, 20 September 2010
- ...sulfate resistance because of its superior performance and greatly reduced cost compared to SRPC. Most projects in [[Dublin Docklands|Dublin's Docklands]], ...eve a lighter colour for exposed fair-faced concrete finishes, at no extra cost. To achieve a lighter colour finish, GGBS is usually specified at between 57 KB (1,001 words) - 10:08, 20 September 2010
- Rice hulls are a low-cost material from which silicon carbide "[[whisker (metallurgy)|whiskers]]" can6 KB (903 words) - 10:08, 20 September 2010
- The main limitation of the carbon grid is the additional cost of carbon as compared to mild carbon steel (with rising energy costs this g6 KB (903 words) - 10:08, 20 September 2010
- ...was the infill of choice. This craft's popularity stems much from the low cost and abundant availability of the materials. The abundance of wood allowed13 KB (2,119 words) - 10:08, 20 September 2010
- ...serve as initiation points for [[phase transition]]s because the energetic cost of creating a finite-size [[domain (physics)|domain]] of a new phase is low4 KB (592 words) - 10:08, 20 September 2010
- ...t provides greater durability and warmth than a basic space blanket at the cost of greater bulk and weight. It is also used as a partial liner inside the4 KB (567 words) - 10:08, 20 September 2010
- ...ated) [[corundum]]s, including ruby and sapphire, are very common and they cost only a fraction of the natural stones. Smaller [[synthetic diamond]]s have24 KB (3,690 words) - 10:08, 20 September 2010
- ...[http://www.rsc.org/Publishing/Journals/LC/article.asp?doi=b918834g Rapid, cost-efficient fabrication of microfluidic reactors in thermoplastic polymers by4 KB (532 words) - 10:09, 20 September 2010
- | Relative cost ...ame="imprint lithography">{{cite journal|doi=10.1039/b918834g|title=Rapid, cost-efficient fabrication of microfluidic reactors in thermoplastic polymers by16 KB (2,176 words) - 10:09, 20 September 2010
- ...petitive advantage against other plastics, as it offsets high raw material cost.<ref>Charles A. Harper, ed., ''Modern Plastics Handbook'', ISBN 0-07-0267144 KB (613 words) - 10:09, 20 September 2010
- ...hermic) is used to drive much of the process, helping reduce manufacturing cost. The reactant polymer gel is then chopped, dried and ground to its final gr9 KB (1,214 words) - 10:09, 20 September 2010
- Polyanhydrides can be easily prepared by using available, low cost resources. The process can be varied to achieve desirable characteristics.10 KB (1,280 words) - 10:09, 20 September 2010
- ...rylene C is the most popular due to its combination of barrier properties, cost, and other manufacturing advantages.8 KB (1,048 words) - 10:09, 20 September 2010
- implemented to reduce pumping cost for oil pipelines, to increase the flow rate in hulls to achieve an increased speed and reduced energy cost.2 KB (331 words) - 10:09, 20 September 2010
- ...le applications in the production of [[hydrogen]], where it could serve as cost-effective [[electrode]]s in an [[electrolyzer]], replacing expensive rare e3 KB (399 words) - 10:09, 20 September 2010
- ...are now seen rarely thanks to the use of these additives. A common and low cost [[antiozonant]] is a wax which bleeds to the surface and forms a protective ...igh value equipment where loss of function can cause serious problems, low cost seals may be replaced at frequent intervals so as to preclude failure.8 KB (1,277 words) - 10:09, 20 September 2010
- ...gh capacity for elastic deformation (up to 200% in most cases), much lower cost, lower density, a broad range of application temperatures which can be tail21 KB (2,974 words) - 10:09, 20 September 2010
- ...with plant growth and then photodegrade in the fields thereby avoiding the cost of removal. The plastic films are desirable because they conserve moisture,68 KB (9,959 words) - 10:10, 20 September 2010
- ...njected into a mold while molten, forming complex shapes at relatively low cost and high volume; examples include bottle tops, bottles, and fittings.25 KB (3,657 words) - 10:10, 20 September 2010
- ...Polysulfones were introduced in 1965 by [[Union Carbide]]. Due to the high cost of raw materials and processing, polysulfones are used in specialty applica5 KB (716 words) - 10:10, 20 September 2010
- Advantages of functional polymers are low cost, ease of processing and a range of attractive mechanical characteristics fo1 KB (126 words) - 10:10, 20 September 2010
- ...in the research of fire-safe [[polymers]] because of their relatively low cost and high flexibility for multifunctional properties.<ref name=bourbigot>Bou17 KB (2,260 words) - 10:10, 20 September 2010
- ...tively high cost of raw materials, general inability to load TPEs with low cost fillers such as carbon black (therefore preventing TPEs from being used in11 KB (1,609 words) - 10:10, 20 September 2010
- ...lsion) SBR is extensively used in [[coated paper]]s, being one of the most cost-effective resins to bind pigmented coatings. It is also used in building ap5 KB (640 words) - 10:10, 20 September 2010
- Chemical recycling of PET will become cost-efficient only applying high capacity recycling lines of more than 50,000 t .... These kinds of processes are typical of small and medium-sized industry. Cost-efficiency can already be achieved with plant capacities within a range of43 KB (6,272 words) - 10:11, 20 September 2010
- ...ific research purposes. Depending on the number of [[isoprene]] units, the cost can vary up to around US$100,000 per gram.9 KB (1,206 words) - 10:11, 20 September 2010
- ...zations, can be eliminated. All of these advantages could make ACOMP very cost-advantageous for any end-users of the technology, and help to increase the14 KB (1,877 words) - 10:12, 20 September 2010
- ...homeowner combined waste vegetable oil with dry aggregate to create a low-cost and less polluting paving material for his 200-foot driveway. After five ye4 KB (575 words) - 10:12, 20 September 2010
- ...r#Fabric filters|'''Fabric Filters''' ]] are one of the most efficient and cost effective types of dust collectors available and can achieve a collection e16 KB (2,356 words) - 10:12, 20 September 2010
- ...oom temperature. They are the petroleum gases. Depending on demand and the cost of recovery, these gases are either flared off, sold as liquified petroleum69 KB (9,885 words) - 10:12, 20 September 2010
- ...alt emulsions are also blended into recycled hot-mix asphalt to create low cost pavements.34 KB (5,036 words) - 21:35, 20 September 2010
- ...ations where high strength-to-weight ratio is more important than material cost, such as in aerospace and some automotive applications.24 KB (3,311 words) - 10:13, 20 September 2010
- ...tle -->]</ref> Such disposal of the entire DUF<sub>6</sub> inventory could cost anywhere from $15 million to $450 million.<ref>[http://web.ead.anl.gov/uran80 KB (11,721 words) - 10:13, 20 September 2010
- ...energy absorption, flow diffusion and lightweight optics. Due to the high cost of the material it is most typically used in advanced technology [[aerospac ...d in the field of compact heat exchangers to increase heat transfer at the cost of an additional pressure drop.<ref>Topin, F., et al., Experimental Analysi5 KB (784 words) - 10:13, 20 September 2010
- ...ncludes [[steel]]s and [[cast iron]]s. Plain carbon steels are used in low cost, high strength applications where weight and [[corrosion]] are not a proble ...the metallurgist is to achieve balance between material properties such as cost, [[weight]], [[tensile strength|strength]], [[toughness]], [[Hardness (mate14 KB (1,922 words) - 10:13, 20 September 2010
- ...ms are used to achieve the necessary wear-resistance. Because of its lower cost and similar properties compared to rhodium,<ref name="Hunt 1969 126–138"/ ...light absorption in [[dye-sensitized solar cell]]s, a promising new [[low-cost solar cell]] system.<ref>{{cite journal|doi =10.1021/ja058540p|title =High39 KB (5,430 words) - 10:13, 20 September 2010
- * Lower overall cost with a {{convert|1456|sqft|m2|adj=on}} in [[Houston, Texas|Houston]] costin3 KB (466 words) - 10:13, 20 September 2010
- ...synthetic insulation, are available. Synthetic insulation types generally cost less and are usually not as lightweight or as compressible as down. Howeve8 KB (1,232 words) - 10:13, 20 September 2010
- ...t with the greatest efficiency and potential for energy savings, to make a cost-effective purchase and to consider the main variables limiting insulation e23 KB (3,508 words) - 10:14, 20 September 2010
- ...itive. Compared to more conventional insulating materials VIPs have a high cost/r-value ratio. Unlike fiberglass (although foam insulation does age), VIPs ...sed over fiberglass often for the same goal of higher R/in, despite higher cost for the same R value).3 KB (427 words) - 10:14, 20 September 2010
- ...tton suffers from high water retention and significant weight, but its low cost makes it an attractive option for uses like stationary camping where these9 KB (1,460 words) - 10:14, 20 September 2010
- * Cost effectiveness * The cost can be high compared to traditional insulation.49 KB (7,250 words) - 10:14, 20 September 2010
- ...http://www.thinkcycle.org/tc-notes/note-view?topic_id=27256 Design of Low Cost Passive Cooling Systems, ThinkCycle Open Collaborative Design,]</ref> are n18 KB (2,595 words) - 10:14, 20 September 2010
- ...m pane on the interior. These variations are allowed for architectural and cost reasons. Other combinations can be specified and produced but the manufactu ....html</ref> [[Xenon]] has found very little application in IGUs because of cost.<ref>http://www.ktu.lt/ultra/journal/pdf_51_2/51-2004-Vol.2_01-J.Butkus.pdf28 KB (4,352 words) - 10:14, 20 September 2010
- ...hat offset many conflicting goals: what people will pay for, manufacturing cost, local climate, traditional building practices, and varying standards of co ...his increases the heat energy requirements of a process, and therefore the cost and environmental impact.10 KB (1,442 words) - 10:14, 20 September 2010
- ...[concrete]] [[Construction aggregate|aggregate]] mix. Owing to much higher cost than either [[asphalt]] or concrete pavement, the use of river gravel is ge2 KB (337 words) - 10:14, 20 September 2010
- ...g local or regional markets. Production costs are determined mainly by the cost of labor, equipment, energy, and water, in addition to the costs of complia ...at have to be shipped, crushed stone is usually marketed locally. The high cost of transportation is responsible for the wide dispersion of quarries, usual8 KB (1,229 words) - 10:14, 20 September 2010
- The cost of perlite has varied since 2001.<ref>{{cite journal5 KB (633 words) - 10:14, 20 September 2010
- ...d [[monogastric]] animals. It is widely used in the United States as a low-cost meat in [[dog food]] and [[cat food]]. [http://www.pedigree.com/really-good3 KB (419 words) - 10:15, 20 September 2010
- ...elp prevent differential settling under the road or building), or as a low-cost extender that binds with more expensive cement or asphalt to form concrete.14 KB (1,945 words) - 10:15, 20 September 2010
- ...te. A given application's most desirable quality (be it high strength, low cost, high dielectric constant, or low density) is usually most prominent in the8 KB (1,163 words) - 10:15, 20 September 2010
- ...]. The material is increasingly being used at domestic properties as a low cost and [[environmentally friendly]] alternative to [[concrete]] and block pavi1 KB (157 words) - 10:15, 20 September 2010
- ...f type of [[Textile|fabric]], environmental friendliness, ease of removal, cost considerations, [[effluent]] treatment, etc.3 KB (430 words) - 10:15, 20 September 2010
- ...llars per square meter while Chinese textiles cost 2.69 dollars. While the cost of Mexican fabric has increased 2%, those from a number of other countries42 KB (6,562 words) - 10:16, 20 September 2010
- ...esses and to a relatively low price. Fine chemicals are produced at a high cost in small quantities for special low-volume applications such as biocides, p15 KB (2,242 words) - 10:17, 20 September 2010
- ...PPEs in lubricating jet engines has somewhat subsided due to their higher cost, they are still used in some aerospace applications. PPEs are also used as18 KB (2,654 words) - 10:18, 20 September 2010
- * Cost of replenishing the liquid * Cost of entire material rejection due to imperfections11 KB (1,544 words) - 10:18, 20 September 2010
- ...tional benefit of reducing the thermal stress on the lubricant. Thus lower cost liquid lubricants may be used. The primary drawback is that high flows typi The marketer offers a lubricant at a lower cost than rivals either in the same grade or a similar one that will fill the pu32 KB (4,626 words) - 10:18, 20 September 2010
- }}</ref> The cost of extracting kerosene from coal was, however, high. Fortunately, Gesner re ...'s contract, leading to a negotiated contract at a significantly increased cost.<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/25/nyregion/25fuel.html How a Plan for26 KB (3,820 words) - 10:18, 20 September 2010
- ...ch is still employed by builders in developing countries, usually with low-cost, local vegetation. By contrast in some developed countries it is now the ch15 KB (2,437 words) - 10:19, 20 September 2010
- ...und limestone (which is largely calcium carbonate). The limestone reduces cost, and also balances the titanium dioxide, keeping both extrusion streams equ ...premium grade products. Thicker vinyl products, usually realized in higher cost, are more rigid which can add to the aesthetic appeal and look of the insta9 KB (1,431 words) - 10:19, 20 September 2010
- ...h that extra treatment and maintenance that can significantly increase the cost in some pest-infested areas. ...iding has grown in popularity due to the generally low maintenance and low cost appeal it offers. It is among the easiest forms of siding to install, makin15 KB (2,358 words) - 10:19, 20 September 2010
- ...panels are lightweight and very robust. They are especially suited for low-cost, mass housing schemes. ...tages of this approach are the further reduction of manual labour time and cost per area of slab and a simple and systematic building technique. The disadv15 KB (2,379 words) - 10:19, 20 September 2010
- ...ies now use [[polyethylene]] or [[vinyl]]- based bags because of their low cost. Extremely important in the use of dunnage bags is that the size of the ba4 KB (660 words) - 10:19, 20 September 2010
- ...one, it was easier to handle, quickly set and more affordable to use. The cost of molding the clay, glazing and firing the blocks, when compared to carvin9 KB (1,287 words) - 10:19, 20 September 2010
- ...other kinds of flooring materials in high-traffic areas because of its low cost, durability, and ease of maintenance. Vinyl tiles have high resilience to3 KB (431 words) - 10:19, 20 September 2010
- In the kitchen, quarry tile serves as a great low cost baking stone. Since it is fired at high temperatures while in production,2 KB (376 words) - 10:19, 20 September 2010
- ...testing back-up, let alone [[product certification]]. These are short term cost cutting measures at the expense of [[fire safety]] and code compliance. Com ...g that is intended to be applied on both sides. That step was omitted as a cost-cutting measure. The seal is only listed for maximum 1.1ft² openings.22 KB (3,192 words) - 10:20, 20 September 2010
- ...in a shorter time with less labor than a solid masonry wall thus saving in cost.4 KB (579 words) - 10:20, 20 September 2010
- ...or products are typically less substantial, with lower densities and lower cost. Exterior products have to withstand more extreme fire and other environmen16 KB (2,419 words) - 10:20, 20 September 2010
- ...nger than either of these types of roofing, it is more economical when the cost is prorated over the longer lifespan. <ref>Gayle, Margot and Waite, John G. The initial cost of copper was traditionally high, but its length of service more than compe13 KB (2,061 words) - 10:20, 20 September 2010
- ...to the need of the manufacturers to keep the price low, and since the main cost-factor is the Portland cement, they reduce that, which results in a block t2 KB (364 words) - 10:20, 20 September 2010
- ...as a lower R-value per inch, but is much less expensive; foam has a higher cost per equivalent R-value. === Long-Term Cost Savings ===21 KB (3,165 words) - 10:20, 20 September 2010
- ...lotex collaborated to develop a [[prefabrication]] system for building low-cost housing using cemesto panels, in which single cemesto panels were slid hori ...would in the future make it possible to [[mass-produce]] housing at a low cost.<ref name=TIME>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,851734,00.8 KB (1,137 words) - 10:20, 20 September 2010
- ...rices, it may be surprising for most people to learn that copper is a very cost-effective cladding and [[roofing]] material. With good building design, mat3 KB (395 words) - 10:20, 20 September 2010
- ...water, resulting in a clearer product. The application enabled by the low cost and non-toxicity of calcium hydroxide.10 KB (1,311 words) - 10:20, 20 September 2010
- ...total construction cost was £300,000, but the metre-thick cob outer wall cost only £20,000.<ref name="Indy1">{{cite new ...n alternative building practice and one desired for its form, function and cost effectiveness. There are more than ten cob houses in the Southern [[Gulf Is9 KB (1,271 words) - 10:20, 20 September 2010
- ...re clearly much more expensive to produce, as they had to carry the entire cost of creating the mould.8 KB (1,252 words) - 10:20, 20 September 2010
- ...um to give it some of the durability of each of those materials at a lower cost and higher strength than either. Copper and Zinc details have historically ...asily applied over an existing roof. Especially in situations where labor cost cutting is essential, the added value of not having to remove the existing13 KB (1,944 words) - 10:20, 20 September 2010
- ...e-offs, and avoiding landfill “tipping fees” are all ways in which the cost of deconstruction can be made comparable to demolition. ...sible to claim the value to be half of what that particular material would cost new. When donating rare or [[antique]] components it is sometimes possible14 KB (2,015 words) - 10:20, 20 September 2010
- ...t brittle, and soft enough to be cut with a handsaw. Orangeburg was a low cost alternative to metal for sewer lines in particular. Lack of strength cause4 KB (697 words) - 10:20, 20 September 2010
- ...Elemental classification for Building Specifications, Cost Estimating, and Cost Analysis," NIST BFRL Office of applied Economics, NISTIR6389, October 1999.12 KB (1,476 words) - 10:20, 20 September 2010
- | High Unit weight increases the overall cost – material, lifting, transporting, etc. It is difficult to work with (e.g | Low unit weight reduces the cost comparatively. Ease of construction (e.g. connection).30 KB (4,082 words) - 10:21, 20 September 2010
- ...ages of CEB are in the wait time for material, the elimination of shipping cost, the low moisture content, and the uniformity of the block thereby minimizi *Shipping cost: Suitable soils are often available at or near the construction site. [[Ado9 KB (1,420 words) - 10:21, 20 September 2010
- The choice of material for floor covering is affected by factors such as cost, endurance, noise insulation, comfort and cleaning effort. Some types of fl8 KB (1,204 words) - 10:21, 20 September 2010
- ...resistance to [[corrosion]] and staining, low maintenance, relatively low cost, and familiar luster make it an ideal base material for a host of commercia ...rves an austenitic structure in the steel as does nickel, but at a lower [[cost]].26 KB (3,618 words) - 10:21, 20 September 2010
- ...aditional construction materials, with the goal of allowing for faster and cost-effective construction. InnoVida's 'sandwich panels' are similar to the mat4 KB (517 words) - 10:21, 20 September 2010
- * on flat roofs on houses in the UK, a low cost limited life roofing method * mixed rag fibre - lowest cost, shortest life3 KB (493 words) - 10:21, 20 September 2010
- ...ethodology || N.A. || Use high Vf || Micromechanics based, minimize Vf for cost and processibility11 KB (1,516 words) - 10:21, 20 September 2010
- ...]. An in-depth and user friendly manual for designing and constructing low cost ferrocement water tanks.5 KB (708 words) - 10:21, 20 September 2010
- ...author=H. Kinomere, S. Matsumoto, H. Fujishiro, and K. Yatsuyanagi|title=A Cost Study of Concrete Production on the Moon|booktitle=Engineering, constructio * {{cite conference|author=Husam Omar and Mohsen Issa|title=Cost Effectiveness of Lunar Concrete for Lunar Structures|booktitle=Pacific Inte15 KB (2,061 words) - 10:21, 20 September 2010
- ...property owners to develop a larger area of available property at a lower cost. Pervious concrete also naturally filters storm water and can reduce [[wate10 KB (1,425 words) - 10:21, 20 September 2010
- ...kness savings can translate into additional floors for the same (or lower) cost and fewer joints, since the distance that can be spanned by post-tensioned11 KB (1,585 words) - 10:21, 20 September 2010
- ...en the compacted layers was unusually high. Remedial grouting at a further cost of $2 million was required to reduce this. Concern over the dam's safety ha4 KB (575 words) - 10:21, 20 September 2010
- ...material can be extruded to provide two or three insulating cells, at the cost of light transmission.810 bytes (114 words) - 10:21, 20 September 2010
- ...Earth Block''' (GCEB)<ref>http://earthcomegablock.com</ref> provides a low cost, environmentally friendly, natural alternative to conventional building mat ...erefore, using the largest suitable block size for the project is the most cost effective way to build. Use of larger blocks can reduce construction time b7 KB (1,032 words) - 10:21, 20 September 2010
- ...large format retail outlets and home centers. Plain silicates are low in cost, and as such are often misapplied as a sealer for porous, broom finished su6 KB (820 words) - 10:21, 20 September 2010
- ...framed one. Whether this benefit is already realized on total construction cost alone (materials and labor) appears to depend on the circumstances, includi ...75 m). Panels come in widths ranging from 4 to 12 inches thick and a rough cost is $4-$6/ft<sup>2</sup> in the U.S.<ref>http://www.greenwall.us/files/Green11 KB (1,663 words) - 10:21, 20 September 2010
- ...ken right from the site and the bags can be obtained for free or for a low cost. The technique demands few skills. Anyone can learn to do it{{Citation need ...estimated that a four-bedroom, {{convert|2000|sqft|m2|adj=on}} house would cost $75,000 to build, including labor, materials and utilities.{{Citation neede17 KB (2,631 words) - 10:21, 20 September 2010
- ...tages include speed of installation, ease of use, [[reusability]], and low cost relative to using traditional tile installation methods.929 bytes (122 words) - 10:21, 20 September 2010
- ...n a conventional wood built home. This usually amounts to about 5% of the cost of the home. For high-end wood homes this percentage decreases to about 2% ...ef> However, the energy savings of an ICF home usually result in far lower cost for utilities compared to most conventional construction.<ref>http://www.to8 KB (1,112 words) - 10:22, 20 September 2010
- ...er Cable has a high strength-to-weight ratio of the strands and the cables cost less to place than precast panels, traditional cast-in-place or concrete ma2 KB (330 words) - 10:22, 20 September 2010
- ...ith or without galvanization. The non-galvanized version comes for a lower cost. ...ire provides advantages like high strength, easy installation and feasible cost. It is mostly used for grating roads, making drainage coverings and buildin4 KB (548 words) - 10:22, 20 September 2010
- ...in the process, such as [[basic oxygen steelmaking]], further lowered the cost of production while increasing the quality of the metal. Today, steel is on ...r a dozen different elements in varying amounts to create a relatively low-cost metal for use in [[bunker buster]] weapons. Hadfield steel (after Sir [[Rob44 KB (6,419 words) - 10:22, 20 September 2010
- ...nce of [[aluminium]] alloys and [[tin]] sometimes overcome their greater [[cost]]. [[Brass]] was more common in the past, but is usually restricted to spec18 KB (2,746 words) - 10:22, 20 September 2010
- ...material was commonly used as [[siding]] in house buildings due to its low cost, [[fire resistance|fire-resistance]], water tightness, light weight, and ot5 KB (631 words) - 10:22, 20 September 2010
- The choice of material for floor covering is affected by factors such as cost, endurance, noise insulation, comfort and cleaning effort. Some types of fl10 KB (1,459 words) - 10:22, 20 September 2010
- ...material was commonly used as [[siding]] in house buildings due to its low cost, [[fire resistance|fire-resistance]], water tightness, light weight, and ot5 KB (671 words) - 10:22, 20 September 2010
- ...d of asphalt. This has been shown to help reduce aggregate loss and reduce cost of installation, but can increase the occurrence of stripping. It reduces e Although chip seal is an effective low cost way to repair road, it has some drawbacks. Loose crushed stone is often le5 KB (697 words) - 10:23, 20 September 2010
- ===Cost=== ...ore stormwater BMPs on site, and these savings should be factored into any cost analysis. In addition, the off-site environmental impact costs of not reduc17 KB (2,512 words) - 10:23, 20 September 2010
- ...tures last indefinitely and could be built for no more than two-thirds the cost of standard frame houses.<ref>[http://www.aaronhauser.com/rammed-earth-book Soil is a widely available, low cost and [[sustainable]] resource, and harvesting it for use in construction has15 KB (2,218 words) - 10:23, 20 September 2010
- *Reduce cost.4 KB (630 words) - 10:23, 20 September 2010
- ...06}}</ref> The choice of which [[bast fibre]] to use is primarily based on cost and availability. ...andling of the bulky stalk bundles, which accounts for a high raw material cost. Hemp pulp is bleached with [[hydrogen peroxide]], the hydrogen peroxide p42 KB (6,310 words) - 22:11, 21 September 2010
- A study was conducted in Sweden by Olle Lundberg on the cost of fire damage associated with larger fires in multi-unit buildings, based63 KB (9,167 words) - 10:23, 20 September 2010
- ...using professional unionized journeymen carpenters in turn eliminates the cost advantage of EIFS over stucco, and that the EIFS industry should have antic12 KB (1,809 words) - 10:23, 20 September 2010
- ...to 77 Mt, all including recycling . This more like 8% than 5.--> Its low cost and high strength make it indispensable in engineering applications such as ...tions to produce high strengths and often spectacular toughness at minimal cost.67 KB (9,808 words) - 10:24, 20 September 2010
- ...tion with insulation products, which increase the environmental impact and cost of construction.8 KB (1,084 words) - 10:24, 20 September 2010
- ...reen was classified a Class II Health Hazard. Due to its low manufacturing cost, malachite green is still used in certain countries with less restrictive l11 KB (1,647 words) - 13:13, 20 September 2010
- ...gs being stored as data rather than on discs or tapes, the differential in cost of producing the full text was minimised. Audiobooks may come as fully dra Downloadable audiobooks tend to cost slightly less than hardbacks but more than their paperback equivalents. Fo17 KB (2,541 words) - 13:16, 20 September 2010
- ...ssed with relative ease, making Braille production much more efficient and cost-effective. ...ded for consumers to those used by large publishers. Thus, an embosser can cost roughly anywhere from US$2,000 to $80,000, depending on the user's needs.3 KB (476 words) - 13:16, 20 September 2010
- a modern, low cost, portable brailler.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.afb.org/jvib/jvibabstrac4 KB (589 words) - 13:16, 20 September 2010
- ...ign decision to reduce the number of image pixels from 144 to 100 to lower cost resulted in Optacon II not being successful. ...other companies to develop an updated version of the Optacon to reduce the cost of the device and take advantage of newer technology, but no device with th28 KB (4,544 words) - 13:16, 20 September 2010
- ...sibility options such as speech [[screen readers]] or magnification for no cost. Having changed its name to "TeleSensory", the company shifted its focus to6 KB (873 words) - 13:16, 20 September 2010
