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  • Carbamazepine
    ...'CBZ''') is an [[anticonvulsant]] and [[mood stabilizer|mood stabilizing]] drug used primarily in the treatment of [[epilepsy]] and [[bipolar disorder]], a ...83. |doi=10.1002/hlca.19540370211}}</ref> Schindler then synthesized the drug in 1960, before its anti-epileptic properties had been discovered.
    16 KB (2,164 words) - 16:42, 27 September 2010
  • Phenobarbital
    ...these indications. The [[World Health Organization]] recommends its use as first-line for partial and generalized [[Tonic-clonic seizure|tonic-clonic]] [[seizure ...synthesized by Fischer. Phenobarbital was brought to market in 1912 by the drug company Bayer using the brand Luminal. It remained a commonly prescribed se
    20 KB (2,657 words) - 16:42, 27 September 2010
  • Phenytoin
    .... This was partially because [[Parke-Davis]] was reluctant to invest in a drug nearing the end of its patent life, and partially due to mixed results from It was approved by the [[USA]] [[Food and Drug Administration]] in 1953 for use in [[seizure]]s.
    12 KB (1,686 words) - 16:42, 27 September 2010
  • Albendazole
    ...States]], the [[Food and Drug Administration (United States)|U.S. Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) has not approved albendazole for this indication. It ==Drug interactions==
    10 KB (1,261 words) - 13:28, 4 September 2010
  • Levamisole
    .../ |title=Janssen discontinues Ergamisol |last=Frederick |first=James |work=Drug Store News |date=November 27, 2000 |accessdate=2009-08-13}}</ref><ref>{{cit ...s other adulterants will produce smaller "rocks" of cocaine) and makes the drug appear more pure<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.yahoo.com/s/hsn/contaminat
    10 KB (1,350 words) - 16:42, 27 September 2010
  • Mebendazole
    '''Mebendazole''' or '''MBZ''' is a [[benzimidazole]] drug developed by [[Janssen Pharmaceutica]] and marketed as '''Vermox''', '''Ove ==Drug interactions==
    5 KB (619 words) - 16:42, 27 September 2010
  • Niclosamide
    ...also used as a [[piscicide]].It is stressed that while anthelmintics are a drug family used to treat worm infections, Niclosamide is used specifically to t {{antiinfective-drug-stub}}
    2 KB (307 words) - 11:05, 20 September 2010
  • Praziquantel
    ...ral dose, 70 to 80% is found in urine, but less than 0.1% as the unchanged drug. Praziquantel is metabolized through the [[cytochrome P450]] pathway via [[ ...bility of the membranes of [[schistosome]] cells towards calcium ions. The drug thereby induces contraction of the parasites, resulting in paralysis in the
    12 KB (1,580 words) - 16:42, 27 September 2010
  • Clindamycin
    The most severe common [[adverse drug reaction|adverse effect]] of clindamycin is [[Clostridium difficile|''Clost ...na]]''' (with [[tretinoin]]). Clindamycin is also available as a [[generic drug]].
    25 KB (3,261 words) - 14:17, 11 September 2010
  • Chloramphenicol
    ...ic organism]]s. Due to resistance and safety concerns, it is no longer a [[first-line agent]] for any indication in developed nations, although it is sometimes u ...d is usually reversible, and [[aplastic anemia]], which is [[idiosyncratic drug reaction|idiosyncratic]] (rare, unpredictable, and unrelated to dose) and g
    29 KB (3,876 words) - 16:42, 27 September 2010
  • Doxycycline
    ...ycin received [[Food and Drug Administration (United States)|U.S. Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) approval in 1967, becoming Pfizer's first once-a-day When bacteriologic testing indicates appropriate susceptibility to the drug, doxycycline may be used to treat and prevent:
    20 KB (2,578 words) - 16:43, 27 September 2010
  • Erythromycin
    The antibiotic [[clarithromycin]] was invented by scientists at the Japanese drug company [[Taisho Pharmaceutical]] in the 1970s as a result of their efforts ...uld represent a significant advance in the GI field as treatment with this drug would not carry the risk of unintentional selection for [[antibiotic-resist
    19 KB (2,731 words) - 17:52, 18 September 2010
  • Gentamicin
    ...must be collected for many days to recover all of a given dose because the drug binds avidly to certain tissues. ...s]]''.<ref>[http://www.merck.com/mmpe/lexicomp/gentamicin.html Gentamicin: Drug Information Provided by Lexi-Comp: Merck Manual Professional]</ref> Gentami
    9 KB (1,199 words) - 16:43, 27 September 2010
  • Metronidazole
    ...exicomp/metronidazole.html Merck Manual for Professionals]</ref> It is the drug of choice for first episodes of mild-to-moderate ''[[Clostridium difficile] *''[[Helicobacter pylori]]'' eradication therapy, as part of a multi-drug regimen in [[peptic ulcer disease]]
    19 KB (2,528 words) - 16:43, 27 September 2010
  • Nitrofurantoin
    ...am|μg]]/mL and may be undetectable; tissue penetration is negligible; the drug is well concentrated in the urine: 75% of the dose is rapidly metabolised b The mechanism of action of nitrofurantoin is unique and complex. The drug works by damaging bacterial [[DNA]], since its reduced form is highly react
    12 KB (1,576 words) - 16:43, 27 September 2010
  • Co-trimoxazole
    ...GSK]]), '''Bactrim''' ([[Hoffmann-La Roche|Roche]]), and various [[generic drug|generic]] preparations. Sources differ as to whether co-trimoxazole usuall ...<ref>{{cite journal |author= |title=Co-trimoxazole use restricted |journal=Drug Ther Bull |year=1995 |month=December | volume=33 |issue=12 |pages=92–3 |p
    10 KB (1,346 words) - 16:43, 27 September 2010
  • Trimethoprim
    ...'Triprim'''; but these trade names have been licensed to various [[generic drug|generic pharmaceutical]] manufacturers. In clinical use it is often abbrev This drug was invented by Dr Aaron Goodman, OBE.
    8 KB (1,056 words) - 20:12, 10 September 2010
  • Sulfadiazine
    | legal_status = Approved Drug {{antiinfective-drug-stub}}
    2 KB (194 words) - 13:11, 20 September 2010
  • Vancomycin
    ...|bacteria]]. It has traditionally been reserved as a [[drug of last resort|drug of "last resort"]], used only after treatment with other antibiotics had fa ...n, Michael; Plotkin, Mark (2003). ''The Killers Within: The Deadly Rise of Drug-Resistant Bacteria''. Back Bay Books. ISBN 978-0316735667.</ref> The organi
    31 KB (4,198 words) - 16:43, 27 September 2010
  • Clofazimine
    ...] nodosum leprosum (ENL). (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p1619). Drug is given as an alternative to patients who can not tolerate the effects of ...harmaceutical company [[Geigy]] (today member of the [[Novartis]] group of drug producers), the product was launched in 1969 as Lamprene.
    12 KB (1,651 words) - 16:43, 27 September 2010
  • Dapsone
    | legal_status = ℞-only <small>(U.S.)</small>, [[Prescription drug|POM]] <small>([[United Kingdom|UK]])</small> ...{cite journal |author=Uetrecht JP |title=Myeloperoxidase as a generator of drug free radicals |journal=Biochem. Soc. Symp. |volume=61 |issue= |pages=163–
    15 KB (2,087 words) - 16:43, 27 September 2010
  • Rifampicin
    ...([[United States Adopted Name|USAN]]) is a [[bactericidal]] [[antibiotic]] drug of the [[rifamycin]] group.<ref name="isbn0-07-142290-0">{{cite book |autho ...d regularly daily for several months without break; otherwise, the risk of drug-resistant tuberculosis is greatly increased.<ref name="isbn0-06-273090-8" /
    18 KB (2,471 words) - 16:43, 27 September 2010
  • Ethambutol
    ...'EMB''' or simply '''E''') is a [[bacteriostatic]] [[antimycobacterial]] [[drug]] prescribed to treat [[tuberculosis]].<ref name="pmid18242089">{{cite jour ...//www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/medmaster/a682550.html Medline Plus drug information]
    3 KB (384 words) - 16:43, 27 September 2010
  • Isoniazid
    ...onicotinylhydrazine''' ('''INH'''), is an [[organic compound]] that is the first-line anti[[tuberculosis]] medication in prevention and treatment. It was first d ...maceutical companies attempted unsuccessfully to simultaneously patent the drug<ref>{{Cite journal|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9670|pages=1148&ndash;11
    12 KB (1,566 words) - 16:43, 27 September 2010
  • Pyrazinamide
    '''Pyrazinamide''' is a [[drug]] used to treat [[tuberculosis]]. The drug is largely [[bacteriostatic]], but can be [[bacteriocidal]] on actively rep Pyrazinamide is a [[generic drug]] and is available in a wide variety of presentations. Pyrazinamide tablet
    12 KB (1,557 words) - 16:44, 27 September 2010
  • Streptomycin
    | publisher = Drug Safety Site '''Streptomycin''' is an [[antibiotic]] drug, the first of a class of drugs called [[aminoglycoside]]s to be discovered,
    9 KB (1,069 words) - 15:06, 6 July 2010
  • Amikacin
    ...the most important effects. Because of this potential, blood levels of the drug and markers of kidney function ([[creatinine]]) may be monitored.
    4 KB (498 words) - 16:44, 27 September 2010
  • Capreomycin
    The drug should not be given with [[streptomycin]] or other drugs that may damage th {{antiinfective-drug-stub}}
    2 KB (185 words) - 16:44, 27 September 2010
  • Cycloserine
    ...]]''. For the treatment of tuberculosis, it is classified as a second line drug, i.e. its use is only considered if one or more first line drugs cannot be ...ffective in treating chronic pain.<ref>{{cite news |title=Newly Identified Drug Relieves Suffering |url=http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/06/070604
    5 KB (602 words) - 16:44, 27 September 2010
  • Ethionamide
    ...=Vannelli TA, Dykman A, Ortiz de Montellano PR |title=The antituberculosis drug ethionamide is activated by a flavoprotein monooxygenase |journal=J. Biol. {{antiinfective-drug-stub}}
    2 KB (278 words) - 16:44, 27 September 2010
  • Kanamycin
    | excretion = Urine (as unchanged drug) ...]] reactions to the [[medication|drug]].<ref>{{Citation | title = Consumer Drug Information: Kanamycin | date = 2 April 2008 | url = http://www.drugs.com/c
    4 KB (503 words) - 16:44, 27 September 2010
  • Clotrimazole
    ==Drug interactions== ...osterol 14 alpha-demethylase|cytochrome P450 oxidase]] and may alter the [[drug metabolism|metabolism]] of other drugs.
    4 KB (525 words) - 11:13, 20 September 2010
  • Fluconazole
    ...onazole''' ({{pronEng|fluːˈkɒnəzoʊl}}) is a [[triazole]] [[antifungal drug]] used in the treatment and prevention of superficial and systemic fungal i ...ess to avoid producing any [[Chirality (chemistry)|chiral]] centers in the drug so that subsequent synthesis and purification would not encounter difficult
    11 KB (1,533 words) - 16:44, 27 September 2010
  • Griseofulvin
    | legal_status = [[Prescription drug|POM]] <small>([[United Kingdom|UK]])</small>, ℞-only <small>(U.S.)</small ...'Grisovin''', a proprietary name of Glaxo Laboratories) is an [[antifungal drug]] that is administered orally. It is used both in animals and in humans, t
    5 KB (678 words) - 14:58, 19 September 2010
  • Nystatin
    ...toxicity]] profile, there are currently no injectable formulations of this drug on the US market.<ref>Nystatin on RxList.com http://www.rxlist.com/script/m ...sorbed from the gut, it is safe for oral use and does not have problems of drug interactions.
    7 KB (941 words) - 16:44, 27 September 2010
  • Amphotericin B
    ...ungisome, Amphocil, Amphotec) is a [[polyene]] [[antifungal]] [[medication|drug]], often used [[intravenous]]ly for systemic [[fungi|fungal]] [[infection]] Currently the drug is available as plain Amphotericin B, as cholesteryl sulfate complex, as li
    13 KB (1,785 words) - 16:44, 27 September 2010
  • Flucytosine
    ...[[pyrimidine analogue]], is a synthetic [[Antifungal drug|antimycotic]] [[drug]]. ...synthesized in 1957 but its antifugnal properties discovered in 1964. The drug is dispensed in capsules of 250 mg and 500 mg strength. The injectable form
    10 KB (1,394 words) - 16:44, 27 September 2010
  • Potassium iodide
    ...tment of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER); December, 2001.</ref> as a prophylactic mea ...hyroid cancer caused by irradiation.<ref name="FDA Talk Paper">US Food and Drug Administration, FDA Talk Paper: Guidance on
    23 KB (3,281 words) - 16:44, 27 September 2010
  • Aciclovir
    is a [[guanosine]] [[nucleic acid analogues|analogue]] [[antiviral drug]], marketed under trade names such as ''Cyclovir'', ''Herpex'', ''Acivir'', ...er and pioneer in antiviral therapy, was the first to successfully use the drug in humans.
    14 KB (1,878 words) - 16:44, 27 September 2010
  • Abacavir
    ...DA) on December 18, 1998 and is thus the fifteenth approved antiretroviral drug in the United States. Its patent expired in the United States on 2009-12-2 ...ts negative for HLA-B*5701.<ref name="fda08242008">http://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/InfoSheets/HCP/abacavirHCP.htm FDA abacavir alert web access July 29, 2008<
    8 KB (1,124 words) - 16:44, 27 September 2010
  • Didanosine
    ...ective against [[HIV]] and used in combination with other [[antiretroviral drug]] therapy as part of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The related pro-drug of didanosine, 2'3'-dideoxyadenosine (ddA), was initially synthesized by M.
    9 KB (1,239 words) - 16:44, 27 September 2010
  • Emtricitabine
    ...proved by the [[Food and Drug Administration (United States)|U.S. Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) on July 12, 2006 under the brand name '''Atripla'''. Emtricitabine is an [[analog (chemistry)|analogue]] of [[cytidine]]. The drug works by inhibiting [[reverse transcriptase]], the enzyme that copies HIV R
    5 KB (667 words) - 16:44, 27 September 2010
  • Lamivudine
    ...tually led to the first oral antiviral agent for the treatment of HBV. The drug was later licensed to the British pharmaceutical company Glaxo by Biochem P ...d again in 2002 as a once-a-day dosed medication. The fifth antiretroviral drug on the market, it was the last NRTI for three years while the approval proc
    9 KB (1,248 words) - 16:44, 27 September 2010
  • Stavudine
    ...release version for once-a-day dosing in 2001. The fourth [[antiretroviral drug]] on the market, its patent expired in the United States on 2008-06-25. ...ts long-term, irreversible side-effects. Stavudine is still widely used in first-line therapy in developing countries due to its low cost and widespread availabi
    4 KB (574 words) - 16:44, 27 September 2010
  • Tenofovir
    | legal_status = ℞-only <small>(U.S.)</small>, [[Prescription drug|POM]] <small>([[United Kingdom|UK]])</small> ...under the trade name '''Viread''', belongs to a class of [[antiretroviral drug]]s known as nucleotide analogue [[reverse transcriptase inhibitor]]s (nRTIs
    6 KB (871 words) - 16:45, 27 September 2010
  • Efavirenz
    ...inhibitor]] (NNRTI) and is used as part of highly active [[Antiretroviral drug|antiretroviral therapy]] (HAART) for the treatment of a human immunodeficie ...ides HAART in a single tablet taken once a day. It results in a simplified drug regimen for many patients.
    10 KB (1,441 words) - 16:45, 27 September 2010
  • Nevirapine
    ...on = [[Kidney|Renal]]: <6% (Parent drug) <br> [[Bile|Biliary]] <5% (Parent drug) As with other [[antiretroviral drug]]s, HIV rapidly develops resistance if nevirapine is used alone, so recomme
    15 KB (2,090 words) - 16:45, 27 September 2010
  • Indinavir
    ...pharmacology)|protease inhibitor]] used as a component of [[antiretroviral drug|highly active antiretroviral therapy]] (HAART) to treat [[HIV]] infection a ...etroviral. Indinavir was much more powerful than any prior antiretroviral drug; using it with dual NRTIs set the standard for treatment of HIV/AIDS and ra
    3 KB (320 words) - 15:07, 6 July 2010
  • Lopinavir
    | legal_status = ℞-only <small>(U.S.)</small>, [[Prescription drug|POM]] <small>([[United Kingdom|UK]])</small> '''Lopinavir''' ('''ABT-378''') is an [[Antiretroviral drug|antiretroviral]] of the [[Protease inhibitor (pharmacology)|protease inhibi
    8 KB (1,109 words) - 16:45, 27 September 2010
  • Ritonavir
    ...trade name '''Norvir''' ([[Abbott Laboratories]]), is an [[antiretroviral drug]] from the [[protease inhibitor (pharmacology)|protease inhibitor]] class u ...ritonavir on March 1, 1996, making it the seventh approved antiretroviral drug in the United States.
    9 KB (1,233 words) - 15:07, 6 July 2010

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