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  • ...ulfate, phosphate, citrate and oxalate, which precipitate as their calcium salts and large organic molecules such as proteins, saponins and pectins, which a
    21 KB (3,262 words) - 19:30, 14 June 2010
  • ...wn as saponification. The fats are hydrolyzed by the base, yielding alkali salts of fatty acids (crude soap) and [[glycerol]]. ...ians bathed regularly and combined animal and vegetable oils with alkaline salts to create a soap-like substance. Egyptian documents mention that a soap-lik
    20 KB (3,140 words) - 22:41, 17 June 2010
  • ...nd [[gluconate]]. This makes quinine dosing complicated since each of the salts has a different weight. All quinine salts may be given orally or [[Intravenous therapy|intravenous]]ly (IV); quinine
    27 KB (3,844 words) - 16:41, 27 September 2010
  • ...dministered formulations are given as either enteric-coated or more-stable salts or [[ester]]s, such as erythromycin ethyl[[succinate]]. Erythromycin is ver
    19 KB (2,731 words) - 17:52, 18 September 2010
  • Like other iodide salts, KI forms [[triiodide|I<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>]] when combined with elem Unlike I<sub>2</sub>, I<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> salts can be highly water-soluble. Through this reaction [[iodine]] is used in [[
    23 KB (3,281 words) - 16:44, 27 September 2010
  • Numerous codeine salts have been prepared since the drug was discovered. The most commonly used a ...econate, codeine pectinate, and possibly other naturally-occurring codeine salts. Codeine bitartrate, tartrate, nitrate, picrate, acetate, hydrobromide and
    40 KB (5,581 words) - 16:45, 27 September 2010
  • Related drugs include the sodium salts [[sodium valproate]], used as an anticonvulsant, and a combined formulation
    25 KB (3,328 words) - 16:47, 27 September 2010
  • * [[Oral rehydration therapy]] salts * Oral rehydration salts (see 17.5.1 Oral rehydration)
    16 KB (1,353 words) - 21:21, 3 October 2011
  • ...s of amlodipine base, i.e., without the salt. Tablets containing different salts are therefore considered interchangeable.
    12 KB (1,641 words) - 15:32, 16 September 2010
  • ...([[lead carbonate]]) and ''[[verdigris]]'', a green mixture of [[copper]] salts including [[copper(II) acetate]]. Ancient [[Rome|Romans]] boiled soured win ...nstant) of 6.2, it can dissolve not only polar compounds such as inorganic salts and [[sugar]]s, but also non-polar compounds such as oils and [[chemical el
    41 KB (5,915 words) - 16:49, 27 September 2010
  • ...e can be precipitated by the [[metathesis reaction]] between [[magnesium]] salts and [[sodium hydroxide|sodium]], [[potassium hydroxide|potassium]], or [[am
    11 KB (1,555 words) - 16:49, 27 September 2010
  • ...hydroxide forms [[gel]]s, which is the basis for application of aluminium salts as [[flocculation|flocculants]] in water purification. This gel crystallize
    10 KB (1,283 words) - 16:49, 27 September 2010
  • Potassium chloride has a crystalline structure like many other salts. Its structure is face-centered cubic. Its [[Crystal structure|lattice]] co
    14 KB (1,921 words) - 16:49, 27 September 2010
  • ...qua regia]] dissolve it to give [[sulfate]], [[nitrate]], and [[chloride]] salts. Like silver, mercury reacts with atmospheric [[hydrogen sulfide]]. Mercury Some important mercury salts include:
    69 KB (10,077 words) - 21:35, 20 September 2010
  • | OtherNames = Epsom salt<br/>Bitter salts ...parations. Epsom salt has been traditionally used as a component of [[bath salts]].
    14 KB (1,882 words) - 16:50, 27 September 2010
  • ...t weak base, they are both at about pH = 5; as a consequence, the morphine salts are mixed with small amounts of [[Sodium hydroxide|NaOH]] to make them suit ...d poppy-straw methods of morphine production. Morphine ascorbate and other salts such as the tannate, citrate, and acetate, phosphate, valerate and others m
    87 KB (12,376 words) - 16:51, 27 September 2010
  • ...oth individual households and by governments and institutions and utilizes salts to eliminate snow from road surfaces and sidewalks.<ref>{{cite book|url=htt ...used and sets salt levels to a maximum of 50&nbsp;mg/m<sup>2</sup> soluble salts measured as sodium chloride. These measurements are done by means of a [[Br
    19 KB (2,579 words) - 16:51, 27 September 2010
  • ...n solution but exhibit diminished reactivity. EDTA is produced as several salts, notably disodium EDTA and calcium disodium EDTA. ...alcareous soils. Otherwise, at near-neutral pH, iron(III) forms insoluble salts, which are less bioavailable. Aqueous [Fe(edta)]<sup>-</sup> is used for r
    21 KB (2,946 words) - 15:10, 6 July 2010
  • * sensitive to acids and salts
    10 KB (1,313 words) - 10:07, 20 September 2010
  • ...road bridges where the concrete is exposed to splashing from road de-icing salts. In most [[National Roads Authority|NRA]] projects in Ireland GGBS is now s
    7 KB (1,001 words) - 10:08, 20 September 2010
  • ...ve through cracks, poor workmanship, environmental effects such as deicing salts or costal environments and a myriad of other causes. Due to the inherent p
    6 KB (903 words) - 10:08, 20 September 2010
  • ...ts along the axis of conductivity. Examples include [[tetrathiafulvalene]] salts.
    11 KB (1,614 words) - 10:08, 20 September 2010
  • ...ecular weight]] compounds), and are sometimes called '''polysalts'''. Like salts, their solutions are electrically conductive. Like polymers, their solution
    10 KB (1,406 words) - 10:09, 20 September 2010
  • ...polymer, but not in another. Many of the good nucleating agents are metal salts of organic acids, which themselves are crystalline at the solidification te
    9 KB (1,348 words) - 10:09, 20 September 2010
  • ...crylate]]s are the most common form used in industry, there are also other salts available including [[potassium]], [[lithium]] and [[ammonium]].
    4 KB (513 words) - 10:09, 20 September 2010
  • ...gels in the presence of divalent cations. Alginic acid forms water-soluble salts with monovalent cations, low molecular weight amines, and quaternary ammoni
    68 KB (9,959 words) - 10:10, 20 September 2010
  • ...olymer]] is dissolved in an [[Solvent|organic solvent]]. Particles, mainly salts, with specific dimensions are then added to the solution. The mixture is sh
    1 KB (161 words) - 10:10, 20 September 2010
  • ...clic aromatic compounds formed semi-conducting [[charge-transfer complex]] salts with halogens.<ref name=Ullmann/> This indicated that organic compounds cou
    22 KB (3,022 words) - 10:10, 20 September 2010
  • | [[Image:structure of sulfonium salts.png|70px|center]] ...horing antimicrobial species, such as [[phosphonium]] salts, [[ammonium]] salts, or [[phenol]] groups via quaternization, [[substitution]] of chloride, or
    26 KB (3,675 words) - 10:11, 20 September 2010
  • ...year=2002|title=New polymeric networks from the self-assembly of silver(I) salts and the flexible ligand 1,3-bis(4-pyridyl)propane (bpp). A systematic in ...oordination polymer was crystallized in, but can really be anything (other salts present, atmospheric gases such as [[oxygen]], [[nitrogen]], [[carbon dioxi
    23 KB (3,302 words) - 10:11, 20 September 2010
  • ...polymer, but not in another. Many of the good nucleating agents are metal salts of organic acids, which themselves are crystalline at the solidification te
    18 KB (2,533 words) - 10:11, 20 September 2010
  • ...le [[crystallization]] of the polymer can degrade performance, many of the salts used to carry charge can also serve as a [[kinetic barrier]] to the formati
    20 KB (2,883 words) - 10:12, 20 September 2010
  • ...ganization]] has established a daily "tolerated intake" of soluble uranium salts for the general public of 0.5&nbsp;µg/kg body weight, or 35&nbsp;µg for a
    80 KB (11,721 words) - 10:13, 20 September 2010
  • ...([[cations]]), metallic bonding is sometimes compared with that of molten salts; however, this simplistic view holds true for very few metals. In a more [[ ...le]] of the elements and great progress was made in the description of the salts that can be formed in reactions with acids. With the advent of [[electroche
    26 KB (4,024 words) - 10:13, 20 September 2010
  • ...sodium oxide, in which Ir is insoluble, producing water-soluble Ru and Os salts. After oxidation to the volatile oxides, {{chem|RuO|4}} is separated from {
    39 KB (5,430 words) - 10:13, 20 September 2010
  • *[[Nickel]] – nickel salts are carcinogenic
    5 KB (713 words) - 10:13, 20 September 2010
  • ...g a practical and reliable means of distinguishing it from other inorganic salts, thus enabling alchemists to evaluate and compare purification techniques.<
    51 KB (7,447 words) - 10:15, 20 September 2010
  • ...d intensity of natural dyes and improve their color fastness. [[Chromium]] salts were until recently extensively used in dying wool with synthetic mordant d
    7 KB (1,033 words) - 10:15, 20 September 2010
  • ...x|urine was taxed]]. Urine, known as 'wash', was a source of [[ammonium]] salts and assisted in cleansing and whitening the cloth.
    8 KB (1,152 words) - 10:15, 20 September 2010
  • ...the textile contributes very little to the deterioration from the metallic salts, though exposure to light may accelerate it even further <ref name="Putnam
    30 KB (4,909 words) - 10:15, 20 September 2010
  • ...l fibers. The [[dye]] techniques used were equally sophisticated; metallic salts to improve the fastness of dyes has been found in textiles in [[tomb]]s dat
    6 KB (870 words) - 10:15, 20 September 2010
  • ...ml</ref> Even organic cotton farming uses pesticides – copper and copper salts <ref>http://www.ifoam.org/growing_organic/1_arguments_for_oa/criticisms_mis
    16 KB (2,606 words) - 10:16, 20 September 2010
  • ...d complicated processes, necessitating the use of [[mordants]] or metallic salts to fix the dyes. The beautiful, vibrant, colors, came from the garance plan
    2 KB (309 words) - 10:16, 20 September 2010
  • 14 KB (1,990 words) - 10:16, 20 September 2010
  • ...dyeing muka were sourced from indigenous materials. Paru (mud high in iron salts) provided black, [[Brachyglottis repanda|raurekau]] bark made yellow, and [
    14 KB (2,270 words) - 10:16, 20 September 2010
  • ...ty of alternative additives have been used by embalmers, including [[epsom salts]] for edemic cases and [[milk]] in cases of [[jaundice]],{{Fact|date=May 20
    8 KB (1,122 words) - 10:17, 20 September 2010
  • 15 KB (2,242 words) - 10:17, 20 September 2010
  • ...ouring detergent to remove dirt, wool grease (crude lanolin), suint (sweat salts), and anything else stuck to the wool. The wool grease is continuously remo
    14 KB (2,180 words) - 10:17, 20 September 2010
  • ...sphate]]. Compounds derived from [[tannic acid]] (e.g. [[Kelate]]) or zinc salts of organonitrogens (e.g. Alcophor 827) can be used together with anticorros
    7 KB (1,003 words) - 10:17, 20 September 2010
  • ...to the anion of dithiophosphoric acid. These uncharged compounds are not salts. They are soluble in nonpolar solvents, and the longer chain derivatives e
    4 KB (557 words) - 10:17, 20 September 2010
  • ...ts. This lubricant is also a corrosion inhibitor, protecting against rust, salts, and acids.
    32 KB (4,626 words) - 10:18, 20 September 2010
  • ...be finished with a glaze, with a clay wash or an aqueous solution of metal salts, before firing. Late 19th century advertising for the material promoted th
    9 KB (1,287 words) - 10:19, 20 September 2010
  • ...d sponge" and actually suck in liquids over time, along with any dissolved salts and other minerals. Very porous stone, such as sandstone will absorb liquid ...o most common types of salt attack are [[efflorescence]] and [[spalling]]. Salts drying i.e. crystallizing on the surface can cause surface spalling. For ex
    6 KB (892 words) - 10:21, 20 September 2010
  • ...y either block the pores in the concrete to reduce absorption of water and salts or form an impermeable layer which prevents such materials from passing.<re
    6 KB (820 words) - 10:21, 20 September 2010
  • Efflorescence is a hardened [[crystalline]] deposit of [[Salt (chemistry)|salts]], which migrate from the center of concrete or masonry pavers to the surfa
    17 KB (2,512 words) - 10:23, 20 September 2010
  • ...h the corresponding binary halogen acid to give the corresponding hydrated salts.<ref name="HollemanAF"/> ...an be used in laundry bluing to correct the yellowish tint left by ferrous salts in water.<ref name="Iron 2008">"Iron." Microsoft® Student 2009 [DVD]. Redm
    67 KB (9,808 words) - 10:24, 20 September 2010
  • ...to [[quinone]], whereas [[chlorates]], in the presence of certain metallic salts (especially of [[vanadium]]), give "aniline black". Hydrochloric acid and p ...nium]], and [[ferric]] salts, and, on warming, expels [[ammonia]] from its salts. The weak basicity is due to a negative inductive effect as the lone pair o
    14 KB (2,008 words) - 13:10, 20 September 2010
  • Primuline yellow is a mixture of sodium salts and probably contains at least three thiazole rings in combination. It is a
    3 KB (345 words) - 13:11, 20 September 2010
  • ..., and the diazonium salt on boiling with alcohol yielded phenylphenazonium salts. Aposafranone, C<sub>18</sub>H<sub>12</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O, is formed by hea
    5 KB (638 words) - 13:12, 20 September 2010
  • ...) and has a melting point of 129 °C. It readily forms [[salt (chemistry)|salts]] with acids, such as the [[hydrochloride]] which is commercially available
    2 KB (276 words) - 13:12, 20 September 2010
  • 3 KB (399 words) - 13:13, 20 September 2010
  • Malachite Green is a member of the triphenylcarbenium salts, classified in the dyestuff industry as triarylmethane dyes. Formally, Mala
    11 KB (1,647 words) - 13:13, 20 September 2010
  • ...alue, and discovered the ability of ethylene oxide to react with acids and salts of metals.<ref name="oe1">{{cite book Reaction of ethylene oxide with [[sulfur dioxide]] in the presence of caesium salts leads to the formation of an 11-membered heterocyclic compound which has th
    82 KB (11,709 words) - 21:31, 20 September 2010
  • ...ins, replacement of shower heads, and in some cases flushes of heavy metal salts. Preventative measures include adjusting normal hot water levels to allow f
    30 KB (4,388 words) - 21:31, 20 September 2010
  • [[Platinum salts]]
    26 KB (3,697 words) - 21:31, 20 September 2010
  • ...ournal of Chemistry|year = 1972|volume = 25|page=55}}</ref> Manganate (VI) salts can also be produced by dissolving Mn compounds, such as [[manganese dioxid
    44 KB (6,128 words) - 21:32, 20 September 2010
  • *4-nitrodiphenyl;<br>&mdash;their salts and any substance containing any of those compounds, in a total concentrati | [[Ortho-tolidine]], [[dianisidine]] and [[dichlorobenzidine]], and their salts
    21 KB (2,852 words) - 21:33, 20 September 2010
  • ...orm acidic solutions. [[Arsenic acid|Arsenic(V) acid]] is a weak acid. Its salts are called ([[arsenate]]s, e.g. [[Paris Green]], [[calcium arsenate]], and ...and the EU lists arsenic trioxide, [[arsenic pentoxide]] and [[arsenate]] salts as category 1 [[carcinogen]]s.
    51 KB (7,314 words) - 21:34, 20 September 2010
  • ...bserved in [[chrome alum]] solutions and other water-soluble chromium(III) salts. The reverse reaction may be induced by heating the solution. ...s, chromium was primarily used as a component of paints and in [[tanning]] salts. At first, crocoite from [[Russia]] was the main source, but in 1827, a lar
    51 KB (7,299 words) - 21:34, 20 September 2010
  • ...the [[galvanic series]]. The coating is usually passivated by [[chromate]] salts.{{Citation needed|date=June 2010}}<!--A significant limitation of cadmium p
    34 KB (4,743 words) - 21:34, 20 September 2010
  • ...Other hexavalent chromium compounds are [[chromium trioxide]] and various salts of [[chromate]] and [[dichromate]]. Hexavalent chromium is used for the pr
    11 KB (1,524 words) - 21:34, 20 September 2010
  • ...for sweet: γλυκυς, due to the sweet taste of its [[Salt (chemistry)|salts]]. ...ion, Be(OH)<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>, and hydrogen gas. The solutions of salts, e.g. [[beryllium sulfate]] and [[beryllium nitrate]] are acidic because of
    41 KB (5,890 words) - 21:34, 20 September 2010
  • ...]s || align="center"|{{chem|ClO|4|-}} || [[perchloric acid]], perchlorate salts such as [[magnesium perchlorate]], [[dichlorine heptoxide]] Chlorine oxidizes bromide and iodide salts to bromine and iodine, respectively. But it cannot oxidize fluoride to flu
    36 KB (5,155 words) - 21:35, 20 September 2010
  • ...June 2010.</ref>. Paints used at the time contained high amounts of lead salts. Caravaggio is known to have indulged in violent behavior, as caused by le
    90 KB (13,109 words) - 21:36, 20 September 2010
  • ...]] can also be precipitated from [[lead acetate|acetate]] solutions. These salts are all poorly soluble in water. Among the halides, the iodide is less solu ...bs.pdf}}</ref> Long-term exposure to lead or its salts (especially soluble salts or the strong oxidant PbO<sub>2</sub>) can cause [[nephropathy]], and [[col
    52 KB (7,694 words) - 21:36, 20 September 2010
  • ...t]]s of gluconic acid are known as "gluconates". Gluconic acid, gluconate salts, and gluconate [[ester]]s occur widely in nature because such species arise
    6 KB (794 words) - 20:14, 21 September 2010
  • ...the exterior of the ring is hydrophobic. The resulting cations often form salts that are soluble in nonpolar solvents, and for this reason crown ethers are
    6 KB (864 words) - 20:14, 21 September 2010
  • ...w.inchem.org/documents/iarc/vol48/48-12.html NITRILOTRIACETIC ACID AND ITS SALTS], International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)</ref>
    2 KB (302 words) - 20:14, 21 September 2010
  • ...um citrate]]'', though sodium citrate can refer to any of the three sodium salts of [[citric acid]]. It possesses a saline, mildly tart flavor. For this rea
    5 KB (649 words) - 20:14, 21 September 2010
  • ...dko, M.; Phillips, R. C.; Jackson, J. E.; Dye, J. L. | title = Crystalline Salts of Na<sup>−</sup> and K<sup>−</sup> (Alkalides) that Are Stable at Room ...tals, such as [[crown ether]]s. They are able to bind otherwise insoluble salts into organic solvents. They can also be used as [[phase transfer catalyst
    5 KB (728 words) - 20:14, 21 September 2010
  • ...g Design | year = 2006 | volume = 67 | issue = | pages=101–114 }}</ref> Salts of ethylenebisdithiocarbamate are commercially significant fungicides under
    9 KB (1,089 words) - 20:14, 21 September 2010
  • ...by the use of [[quaternary ammonium salt|quaternary ammonium]]/phosphonium salts.
    3 KB (449 words) - 20:14, 21 September 2010
  • Most dithiolene complexes are prepared by reaction of alkali metal salts of 1,2-alkenedithiolates with metal halides. A common alkenedithiolate is [ ...followed by hydrolysis and treatment of the ill-defined mixture with metal salts. This method is used to prepare Ni[S<sub>2</sub>C<sub>2</sub>Ar<sub>2</sub
    9 KB (1,258 words) - 20:15, 21 September 2010
  • HEDP and its salts are added to [[detergent]]s and other cleaning agents to prevent the effect
    4 KB (491 words) - 20:15, 21 September 2010
  • EDTMP is normally delivered as salts, due to the acid form has very limited solubility in water. It is a nitroge
    2 KB (209 words) - 20:15, 21 September 2010
  • DTPMP is normally delivered as salts, because the acid form has very limited solubility in water and tends to cr
    2 KB (227 words) - 20:15, 21 September 2010
  • ...especially soft drinks. It is denoted by [[E number]] '''E330'''. Citrate salts of various [[metal]]s are used to deliver those minerals in a biologically ...on (''e.g.'', powders and tablets) and for personal care (''e.g.'', [[bath salts]], [[bath bomb]]s, and cleaning of [[Petroleum|grease]]).
    20 KB (2,855 words) - 20:16, 21 September 2010
  • ...used either as-is or in the form of sodium or potassium [[salt (chemistry)|salts]] that are more soluble in water. BDTH<sub>2</sub> costs less than $0.25 pe
    5 KB (664 words) - 20:16, 21 September 2010
  • ...n solution but exhibit diminished reactivity. EDTA is produced as several salts, notably disodium EDTA and calcium disodium EDTA. ...alcareous soils. Otherwise, at near-neutral pH, iron(III) forms insoluble salts, which are less bioavailable. Aqueous [Fe(edta)]<sup>-</sup> is used for r
    21 KB (3,011 words) - 16:51, 27 September 2010
  • The fundamental theory behind this technique is that salts, which are ionic, tend to be water-soluble while neutral molecules tend not ...ng the mixture through a plug of [[silica gel]] or [[alumina]] — charged salts tend to remain strongly adsorbed to the silica gel or alumina
    5 KB (812 words) - 20:16, 21 September 2010
  • ...d the [[fatty acid]]s react with the base, converting them to salts. These salts are called soaps, commonly used in households. ...hose pK<sub>a</sub> is comparable to that of [[acetic acid]]. Solutions of salts such as BeCl<sub>2</sub> or Al(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub> in water are not
    14 KB (2,113 words) - 20:16, 21 September 2010
  • |title=Cyclic polyethers and their complexes with metal salts
    50 KB (7,450 words) - 20:16, 21 September 2010
  • ...] (ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>&minus;</sup>) ions can be found as such in various salts. Many oxyanions of elements in lower oxidation state obey the [[octet rule] ...mmon in oxyanions of the larger transition metals. Some compounds, such as salts of the chain-polymeric ion, Mo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub><sup>2&minus;</sup>
    15 KB (2,364 words) - 20:16, 21 September 2010
  • #Dissolution with dissociation. This is characteristic of [[salts]]. The equilibrium constant is known in this case as a solubility product. ...gen-lecture.pdf Manfred Eigen, Nobel lecture]</ref> The solubility of such salts is calculated by the method outlined in [[#Dissolution with reaction|dissol
    23 KB (3,592 words) - 20:16, 21 September 2010
  • ...inverse|inverse]] of the [[association constant]]. In the special case of salts, the dissociation constant can also be called an [[ionization constant]].
    10 KB (1,434 words) - 20:16, 21 September 2010
  • ...The extent of ion-pairing decreases as temperature decreases. With lithium salts there is evidence to show that both inner-sphere and outer-sphere complexes the Raman spectra of some liquid ammonia solutions of Na<sup>+</sup> salts by the presence of bands which cannot be attributed to either contact- or s
    16 KB (2,366 words) - 20:16, 21 September 2010
  • ...up> may be crystallised from solution by adjustment of pH to about 5.5 and salts of HPO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> may be crystallised from solution by adju
    76 KB (11,861 words) - 20:17, 21 September 2010
  • ...ly acidic about hydrogen compounds, not shared by non-hydrogenic solvonium salts.<ref name=review1940/> ...his approach, acids and bases are fundamentally different in behavior from salts, which are seen as electrolytes, subject to the theories of Debye, Onsager,
    29 KB (4,415 words) - 20:17, 21 September 2010
  • ...process in which ionic compounds ([[Complex (chemistry)|complexes]], or [[salts]]) separate or split into smaller particles, ions, or [[Radical (chemistry) ==Salts==
    7 KB (979 words) - 20:17, 21 September 2010
  • ...beta;''<sup>(1)</sup> and ''C'' for inorganic and organic acids, bases and salts have been tabulated.<ref>Pitzer (1991), Tables 2-11</ref> Temperature and p
    11 KB (1,750 words) - 20:17, 21 September 2010

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