Methacholine

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Methacholine
File:Methacholine.svg
Systematic (IUPAC) name
2-(acetyloxy)-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium
Identifiers
CAS Number 55-92-5
62-51-1 (chloride)
ATC code none
PubChem CID 1993
Chemical data
Formula C8H18NO2Script error: No such module "String".
Molar mass 160.234 g/mol[[Script error: No such module "String".]]
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Methacholine (Provocholine) is a synthetic choline ester that acts as a non-selective muscarinic receptor agonist in the parasympathetic nervous system.

Uses

The primary clinical use of methacholine is to diagnose bronchial hyperreactivity,[1] which is the hallmark of asthma and also occurs in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This is accomplished through the bronchial challenge test, in which a subject inhales aerosolized methacholine, leading to bronchoconstriction. Other therapeutic uses are limited by its adverse cardiovascular effects, such as bradycardia and hypotension, which arise from its function as a cholinomimetic.

Pharmacology

It is highly active at all of the muscarinic receptors, but has little effect on the nicotinic receptors. Methacholine has a charged quaternary amine structure, rendering it insoluble to lipid cell membranes. Clinically, this means that it will not cross the blood-brain barrier and has poor absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. It is broken down at a relatively slow rate within the body, due to its resistance to acetylcholinesterases.

Contraindications

Use of methacholine, is contraindicated in patients with recent heart attack or stroke, uncontrolled hypertension, known severe airway disease, or an aortic aneurysm. It may be used with caution by nursing or pregnant mothers and patients taking certain medications for myasthenia gravis[2].

References

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External links


de:Methacholin es:Metacolina
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  2. http://ajrccm.atsjournals.org/cgi/content/full/161/1/309