Brompheniramine

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Brompheniramine
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Systematic (IUPAC) name
3-(4-bromophenyl)-N,N-dimethyl-3-pyridin-2-yl-propan-1-amine
Clinical data
Pregnancy
category
Routes of
administration
Oral
Legal status
Legal status
  • Unscheduled, OTC
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability ?
Metabolism Hepatic
Biological half-life ?
Excretion Urine
Identifiers
CAS Number 86-22-6
ATC code R06AB01 (WHO)
PubChem CID 6834
DrugBank APRD00832
ChemSpider 6573
Chemical data
Formula C16H19BrN2
Molar mass 319.24[[Script error: No such module "String".]]
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Brompheniramine (Bromfed, Dimetapp, Bromfenex, Dimetane, BPN), commonly marketed as its salt brompheniramine maleate is an antihistamine drug of the propylamine (alkylamine) class. It is readily available over the counter and is indicated for the treatment of the symptoms of the common cold and allergic rhinitis, such as runny nose, itchy eyes, watery eyes, and sneezing. It is a first-generation antihistamine.

Brompheniramine is part of a series of antihistamines including pheniramine (Naphcon) and its halogenated derivatives and others including fluorpheniramine, chlorpheniramine, dexchlorpheniramine (Polaramine), deschlorpheniramine, dipheniramine (also known as triprolidine with the trade name Actifed), and iodopheniramine.

The halogenated alkylamine antihistamines all exhibit optical isomerism and brompheniramine products contain racemic brompheniramine maleate whereas dexbrompheniramine (Drixoral) is the dextrorotary (right-handed) stereoisomer.

Brompheniramine has antidepressant properties, inhibiting reuptake of the neurotransmitter serotonin. Based on this knowledge, Arvid Carlsson and his colleagues, working at the Swedish company Astra AB, were able to derive the first marketed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, zimelidine, from brompheniramine.[1]

Like other agents of this type, brompheniramine also has analgesic-sparing (potentiating) effects on opioid analgesics, commonly reducing codeine, dihydrocodeine, and hydrocodone requirements by 10 to 35 percent.

Pharmacology

Brompheniramine works by acting as an antagonist of histamine H1 receptors. It also functions as a moderately effective anticholinergic agent, and is likely an antimuscarinic agent similar to other common antihistamines such as diphenhydramine.

Brompheniramine is metabolised by cytochrome P450s.

The halogenated alkylamine antihistamines all exhibit optic isomerism and brompheniramine products contain racaemic brompheniramine maleate whereas dexbrompheniramine (Drixoral) is the dextrorotary (right-handed) stereoisomer.

Side effects

Its effects on the cholinergic system may include side-effects such as drowsiness, sedation, dry mouth, dry throat, blurred vision, and increased heart rate.

References

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External links

it:Bromfeniramina

pt:Bronfeniramina th:บรอมเฟนิรามีน

zh:溴苯那敏
  1. Barondes, Samuel H. (2003). Better Than Prozac. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 39–40. ISBN 0-19-515130-5.