Amoxapine
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| 200px | |
| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
|---|---|
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2-Chloro-11-(piperazin-1-yl)dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepine | |
| Clinical data | |
| Pregnancy category |
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| Routes of administration | Oral |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | ? |
| Metabolism | Hepatic (cytochrome P450 system) |
| Biological half-life | 8-10 hours (30 hours for major metabolites) |
| Excretion | Renal |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 14028-44-5 |
| ATC code | N06AA17 (WHO) |
| PubChem | CID 2170 |
| IUPHAR/BPS | 201 |
| DrugBank | APRD00142 |
| ChemSpider | 2085 |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C17H16ClN3O |
| Molar mass | 313.781[[Script error: No such module "String".]] |
| Script error: No such module "collapsible list". | |
| (verify) | |
Amoxapine (Asendin, Asendis, Defanyl, Demolox, Moxadil) is a tetracyclic antidepressant (TeCA) of the dibenzoxazepine class. Though some authorities classify it as a secondary amine tricyclic antidepressant.
Contents
Uses
Amoxapine is used in the treatment of depression, anxiety disorders, panic disorder, and bipolar disorder. Amoxapine is contra indicated in children because it lower the seizure threshold to the extent that fits may be precipitated, specially in children. Cardiovascular effects and anti-cholinergic side effects are much reduced. It also has action similar to an atypical antipsychotic.[1]
Pharmacology
Amoxapine is a strong norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor and weak serotonin reuptake inhibitor. It also possesses antiadrenergic, anticholinergic, antidopaminergic, antihistamine, and antiserotonergic actions.
Side effects
One of its major metabolites, 7-hydroxyamoxapine, has a dopamine receptor blocking effect, making this drug a common cause of neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Amoxapine is also associated with acute extrapyramidal symptoms and tardive dyskinesia.
Special precautions
mania, hypomania, severe liver damage, diabetes, myocardial infarction, Epilepsy.
Drug Interactions
potential seductive effects of alcohol, antiparkinson, agents, reduce effects of sympathomimetics.
See also
References
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<references />, or <references group="..." />Further reading
- Mosby Year-Book, Inc. (1995). Physician's GenRx: The Complete Drug Reference (5th Ed.). Riverside, CT: Denniston Publishing Co.
- Palfai, T. & Jankiewicz, H. (1997). Drugs and Human Behavior (2nd Ed.). Madison, WI: Brown & Benchmark.
- Hedges, D. & Burchfield, C. (2006). Mind, Brain, and Drug: An Introduction to Psychopharmacology. Boston, MA: Pearson.
| GABAA PAMs |
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| α2δ VDCC Blockers | |||||||||||
| 5-HT1A Agonists | |||||||||||
| H1 Antagonists | Diphenylmethanes: Captodiame • Hydroxyzine; Others: Brompheniramine • Chlorpheniramine • Pheniramine | ||||||||||
| CRH1 Antagonists | |||||||||||
| NK2 Antagonists | |||||||||||
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| mGluR2/3 Agonists | |||||||||||
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| TSPO agonists | |||||||||||
| σ1 agonists | |||||||||||
| Others | Benzoctamine • Carbetocin • Demoxytocin • Mephenoxalone • Mepiprazole • Oxanamide • Oxytocin • Promoxolane • Tofisopam • Trimetozine • WAY-267,464 | ||||||||||
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Antipsychotics (neuroleptics) (N05A) | |||
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| Typical | Benzamides: Levosulpiride • Nemonapride • Sulpiride • Sultopride • Tiapride • Veralipride; Butyrophenones: Azaperone • Benperidol • Bromperidol • Droperidol • Fluanisone • Haloperidol • Lenperone • Moperone • Pipamperone • Spiperone • Timiperone • Trifluperidol; Diphenylbutylpiperidines: Clopimozide • Fluspirilene • Penfluridol • Pimozide; Phenothiazines: Acepromazine • Acetophenazine • Butaperazine • Carphenazine • Chloracizine • Chlorproethazine • Chlorpromazine • Cyamemazine • Dixyrazine • Fluacizine • Fluphenazine • Levomepromazine/Methotrimeprazine • Mesoridazine • Perazine • Periciazine • Perphenazine • Piperacetazine • Pipotiazine • Prochlorperazine • Promazine • Promethazine • Propiomazine • Sulforidazine • Thiethylperazine • Thiopropazate • Thioproperazine • Thioridazine • Trifluoperazine • Triflupromazine; Thioxanthenes: Chlorprothixene • Clopenthixol • Flupentixol • Thiothixene • Zuclopenthixol; Tricyclics: Amoxapine • Butaclamol • Fluotracen • Loxapine • Metitepine/Methiothepin • Octoclothiepin • Trimipramine; Others: Prothipendyl | ||
| Atypical | Benzamides: Amisulpride • Remoxipride; Butyrophenones: Cinuperone • Setoperone; Benzo(iso)oxazolepiperidines: Iloperidone • Ocaperidone • Paliperidone • Risperidone; Benzo(iso)thiazolepiperazines: Lurasidone • Perospirone • Revospirone • Tiospirone • Ziprasidone; Diphenylbutylpiperazines: Amperozide; Phenylpiperazines: Aripiprazole • Bifeprunox • Elopiprazole • Umespirone; Tricyclics: Asenapine • Carpipramine • Clocapramine • Clotiapine • Clozapine • Fluperlapine • Gevotroline • Metitepine/Methiothepin • Mosapramine • NDMC • Olanzapine • Piquindone • Quetiapine • Tenilapine • Zotepine; Others: Blonanserin • Cariprazine • Molindone • Pimavanserin • Roxindole • Sarizotan • Sertindole • Spiramide | ||
| Others | Azacyclonol • Cannabidiol • D-Cycloserine • Lithium • Mifepristone • Oxypertine • Reserpine • Rimcazole • Secretin • Talnetant • Tetrabenazine • Vabicaserin | ||
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| Receptor ligands |
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| Reuptake inhibitors |
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| Simple piperazines (no additional rings) | |
|---|---|
| Phenylpiperazines | Acaprazine • Antrafenine • Aripiprazole • Batoprazine • Bifeprunox • BRL-15,572 • Ciprofloxacin • CSP-2503 • Dapiprazole • DCPP • DMPP • Dropropizine • EGIS-12,233 • Elopiprazole • Eltoprazine • Enpiprazole • Ensaculin • Etoperidone • Flesinoxan • Flibanserin • Fluprazine • Itraconazole • Ketoconazole • Levodropropizine • Lorpiprazole • mCPP • MeOPP • Mepiprazole • Naftopidil • Naphthylpiperazine • Nefazodone • Niaprazine • Oxypertine • Pardoprunox • pCPP • pFPP • Posaconazole • PRX-00023 • S-14,506 • S-14,671 • S-15,535 • SB-258,585 • SB-271,046 • SB-357,134 • SB-399,885 • Sonepiprazole • TFMPP • Tolpiprazole • Trazodone • Urapidil • Vesnarinone • Vilazodone • WAY-100,135 • WAY-100,635 |
| Benzylpiperazines | 2C-B-BZP • Befuraline • Bifeprunox • Buclizine • BZP • Chlorbenzoxamine • DBZP • Fipexide • Imatinib • MBZP • MDBZP • Meclozine • Piberaline • Piribedil • Trimetazidine • Vesnarinone |
| Diphenylalkylpiperazines (benzhydrylalkylpiperazines) | Almitrine • Amperozide • BRL-15,572 • Buclizine • BW373U86 • Cetirizine • Chlorbenzoxamine • Chlorcyclizine • Cinnarizine • Clocinizine • Cyclizine • DBL-583 • Diphenylmethylpiperazine • Dotarizine • DPI-221 • DPI-287 • DPI-3290 • GBR-12,783 • GBR-12,935 • GBR-13,069 • GBR-13,098 • GBR-13,119 • Hydroxyzine • Lidoflazine • Manidipine • Meclozine • Oxatomide • SNC-80 • Vanoxerine |
| Pyrimidinylpiperazines | Buspirone • Dasatinib • Eptapirone • Gepirone • Ipsapirone • Piribedil • Pyrimidinylpiperazine • Revospirone • Tandospirone • Tirilazad • Trimazosin • Umespirone • Zalospirone |
| Pyridinylpiperazines | |
| Benzo(iso)thiazolylpiperazines | |
| Tricyclics (piperazine attached via side chain) | Amoxapine • Clopenthixol • Clozapine • Flupentixol • Fluphenazine • Loxapine • Olanzapine • Opipramol • Perazine • Perphenazine • Pirenzepine • Prochlorperazine • Thiethylperazine • Thiothixene • Trifluoperazine • Zuclopenthixol |
| Others | 6-Nitroquipazine • Azimilide • Cinepazet • Cyclohexylpiperazine • Hexocyclium • Indinavir • JNJ-7777120 • Lodenafil • Mirodenafil • PB-28 • Quipazine • Ranolazine • SA-4503 • Sildenafil • Tadalafil • Vardenafil • VUF-6002 • Zipeprol |
| Classes | |
|---|---|
| Antidepressants | 7-OH-Amoxapine • Amezepine • Amineptine • Amitriptyline • Amitriptylinoxide • Amoxapine • Aptazapine • Azepindole • Azipramine • Butriptyline • Cianopramine • Ciclazindol • Ciclopramine • Clomipramine • Cotriptyline • Cyanodothiepin • Demexiptiline • Depramine/Balipramine • Desipramine • Dibenzepine • Dimetacrine • Dosulepin/Dothiepin • Doxepin • Enprazepine • Esmirtazapine • Fluotracen • Hepzidine • Homopipramol • Imipramine • Imipraminoxide • Intriptyline • Iprindole • Ketipramine • Litracen • Lofepramine • Losindole • Loxapine • Maprotiline • Mariptiline • Mazindol • Melitracen • Metapramine • Mezepine • Mianserin • Mirtazapine • Naranol • Nitroxazepine • Nortriptyline • Noxiptiline • Octriptyline • Opipramol • Oxaprotiline • Pipofezine • Pirandamine • Propizepine • Protriptyline • Quinupramine • Setiptiline/Teciptiline • Tandamine • Tampramine • Tianeptine • Tienopramine • Trimipramine |
| Antihistamines | Alimemazine • Azatadine • Clobenzepam • Cyproheptadine • Dacemazine • Deptropine • Desloratadine • Epinastine • Etymemazine • Hydroxyethylpromethazine • Isopromethazine • Isothipendyl • Ketotifen • Latrepirdine • Loratadine • Mebhydrolin • Mequitazine • Methdilazine • Olopatadine • Oxomemazine • Phenindamine • Pimethixene • Promethazine • Propiomazine • Rupatadine • Thiazinamium |
| Antipsychotics | Acetophenazine • Amoxapine • Asenapine • Butaclamol • Butaperazine • Carphenazine • Carpipramine • Chlorpromazine • Chlorprothixene • Ciclindole • Clocapramine • Clomacran • Clotiapine • Clozapine • Flucindole • Fluotracen • Flupentixol • Fluphenazine • Gevotroline • Homopipramol • Levomepromazine/Methotrimeprazine • Loxapine • Maroxepin • Mesoridazine • Metitepine/Methiothepin • Metoxepin • Mosapramine • Naranol • Olanzapine • Perazine • Perphenazine • Periciazine • Piperacetazine • Pipotiazine • Piquindone • Prochlorperazine • Promazine • Prothipendyl • Quetiapine • Sulforidazine • Thiethylperazine • Thiopropazate • Thioridazine • Thiothixene • Trifluoperazine • Triflupromazine • Zotepine • Zuclopenthixol |
| Others | |
fr:Amoxapine ja:アモキサピン pt:Amoxapina
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