Rupatadine

Rupatadine

File:Rupatadine.png
Systematic (IUPAC) name
8-Chloro-6,11-dihydro-11-[1-[(5-methyl-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-4-piperidinylidene]-5H-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridine fumarate
Clinical data
Routes of administration	Oral
Legal status
Legal status	Prescription drug
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding	98-99%
Metabolism	Hepatic, CYP-mediated
Biological half-life	5.9 hours
Excretion	(34.6% urine, 60.9% faeces)
Identifiers
CAS Number	158876-82-5 (free base) 182349-12-8 (fumarate)
ATC code	R06AX28 (WHO)
PubChem	CID 6449107
Chemical data
Formula	C26H26ClN3
Molar mass	415.958 g/mol[[]]

Rupatadine is a second generation antihistamine and PAF antagonist used to treat allergies. It was discovered and developed by J. Uriach y Cia, S. A. and is marketed under several trade names such as Rupafin, Alergoliber, Rinialer, Pafinur, Rupax and Ralif.

Available form

Rupatadine is available as round, light salmon coloured tablets containing 10 mg of rupatadine (as fumarate) to be administered orally, once a day.

Mechanism of action

Rupatadine is a second generation, non-sedating, long-acting histamine antagonist with selective peripheral H₁ receptor antagonist activity. It further blocks the receptors of the platelet-activating factor (PAF) according to in vitro and in vivo studies.

Rupatadine possesses anti-allergic properties such as the inhibition of the degranulation of mast cells induced by immunological and non-immunological stimuli, and inhibition of the release of cytokines, particularly of the TNF in human mast cells and monocytes.

History and formulations

Rupatadine discovery, pre-clinical and clinical development was performed by J. Uriach y Cia, S. A., a Spanish pharmaceutical company. It was launched in 2003 in Spain by J. Uriach y Cia, S. A., with the brand name of Rupafin. The registration of the product is approved in 23 countries from the EU, 8 Central American countries, Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Turkey and 14 African countries.

Therapeutic indications approved

Rupatadine fumarate has been approved for the treatment of allergic rhinitis and chronic urticaria in adults and children over 12 years. The Defined Daily Dose (DDD) is 10 mg orally.

Efficacy in humans

The efficacy of Rupatadine as treatment for allergic rhinitis (AR) and chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU) has been investigated in adults and adolescents (aged over 12 years) in several controlled studies, showing a rapid onset of action and a good safety profile even in prolonged treatment periods of a year.

Side effects

Rupatadine is a non-sedating antihistamine. However, as in other non sedating second-generation antihistamines, the most common side effects in controlled clinical studies were somnolence, headaches and fatigue.

References

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