Cyclothiazide

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Cyclothiazide
File:Cyclothiazide.png
Systematic (IUPAC) name
3-(bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2-yl)-6-chloro-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide 1,1-dioxide
Legal status
Legal status
  • ℞ (Prescription only)
Identifiers
CAS Number 2259-96-3
ATC code C03AA09 (WHO)
PubChem CID 2910
DrugBank DB00606
ChemSpider 2807
Chemical data
Formula C14H16ClN3O4S2
Molar mass 389.88 g/mol[[Script error: No such module "String".]]
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Cyclothiazide (Anhydron, Aquirel, Doburil, Fluidil, Renazide, Tensodiural, Valmiran) is a benzothiadiazide (thiazide) diuretic and antihypertensive that was originally introduced in the United States in 1963 by Eli Lilly and was subsequently also marketed in Europe and Japan.[1][2] Related drugs include diazoxide, hydrochlorothiazide, and chlorothiazide.[3]

In 1993, it was discovered that cyclothiazide is a positive allosteric modulator of the AMPA receptor, capable of reducing or essentially eliminating rapid desensitization of the receptor, and potentiating glutamate currents by as much as 18-fold at the highest concentration tested (100 μM).[4][5][6][3] Additionally, in 2003, cyclothiazide was also found to act as a GABAA receptor negative allosteric modulator, potently inhibiting GABAA-mediated currents.[7] In animals it is a powerful convulsant, robustly enhancing epileptiform activity and inducing seizures, but interestingly without producing any apparent neuronal death.[8][9]

References

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Sulfonamides
(except EA)
Thiazide-likes (primarily DCT)
Potassium-sparing (at CD)
Osmotic diuretics (PT, DL)
VAs (DCT and CD)
Other
Symporter inhibitors
Sodium chloride
Sodium, potassium, chloride
es:Ciclotiazida
  1. ↑ Swiss Pharmaceutical Society (2000). Index Nominum 2000: International Drug Directory (Book with CD-ROM). Boca Raton: Medpharm Scientific Publishers. p. 1932. ISBN 3-88763-075-0. 
  2. ↑ Sittig, Marshall (1988). Pharmaceutical manufacturing encyclopedia. Park Ridge, N.J., U.S.A: Noyes Publications. p. 1756. ISBN 0-8155-1144-2. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Skolnick, Phil; Palfreyman, Michael G.; Reynolds, Ian J. (1994). Direct and allosteric control of glutamate receptors. Boca Raton: CRC Press. p. 174. ISBN 0-8493-8307-2. 
  4. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Citation/CS1/Suggestions' not found.
  5. ↑ Bertolino M, Baraldi M, Parenti C; et al. (1993). "Modulation of AMPA/kainate receptors by analogues of diazoxide and cyclothiazide in thin slices of rat hippocampus". Receptors & Channels. 1 (4): 267–78. PMID 7915948. 
  6. ↑ Ströhle, Andreas; Bilkei-Gorzo, A.; Holsboer, Florian (2005). Anxiety and anxiolytic drugs. Berlin: Springer. p. 566. ISBN 3-540-22568-4. 
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Citation/CS1/Suggestions' not found.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Citation/CS1/Suggestions' not found.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Citation/CS1/Suggestions' not found.
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