Gluten exorphin
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Gluten exorphines are a group of opioid peptides which are formed during digestion of the gluten protein. It has been hypothesized that people with autism and schizophrenia have abnormal leakage from the gut of these compounds, which then pass into the brain and disrupt brain function.[1] This is partly the basis for the gluten-free, casein-free diet. Some have claimed studies of this diet have important methodological flaws and the scientific evidence is not adequate to make treatment recommendations.[2]
There are five known gluten exorphines with known structure:
Contents
Gluten exorphine A5
- Structure: H-Gly-Tyr-Tyr-Pro-Thr-OH
- Chemical formula: C29H37N5O9
- Molecular weight: 599.64 g/mol
Gluten exorphine B4
- Structure: H-Tyr-Gly-Gly-Trp-OH
- Chemical formula: C24H27N5O6
- Molecular weight: 481.50 g/mol
Gluten exorphine B5
- Structure: H-Tyr-Gly-Gly-Trp-Leu-OH
- Chemical formula: C30H38N6O7
- Molecular weight: 594.66 g/mol
Gluten exorphine C
- Structure: H-Tyr-Pro-Ile-Ser-Leu-OH
- Chemical formula: C29H45N5O8
- Molecular weight: 591.70 g/mol
References
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- ↑ Autism and Schizophrenia: Intestinal Disorders, Cade, et. al., Nutritional Neuroscience, Volume 3, Issue 1 February 2000 , pages 57 - 72
- ↑ Christison GW, Ivany K (2006). "Elimination diets in autism spectrum disorders: any wheat amidst the chaff?". J Dev Behav Pediatr. 27 (2 Suppl 2): S162–71. doi:10.1097/00004703-200604002-00015. PMID 16685183.
