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It is mainly used in humans in the treatment of [[onchocerciasis]], but is also effective against other worm infestation ..."Riverblindness"|url=http://www.riverblindness.org/index.php?menu=tn3&page=Treatment|postscript= <!--None-->}}</ref>

...]line [[alkaloid]] having [[antipyretic]] (fever-reducing), [[antimalarial drug|antimalarial]], [[analgesic]] (painkilling), [[anti-inflammatory]] properti ...] and [[arthritis]]. Until recently, quinine was also a common "off-label" treatment for [[Cramps#Nocturnal leg cramps|nocturnal leg cramps]]. This practice is

| excretion = Primarily bile and feces; urine (9% as unchanged drug, 4% as primary metabolite ...administered [[antimalarial drug]] used prophylactically against and as a treatment for [[malaria]]. It also goes by the trade name '''Lariam''' (manufactured

...'glyburide''' ([[United States Adopted Name|USAN]]), is an [[anti-diabetic drug]] in a class of medications known as [[sulfonylurea]]s, closely related to It is used in the treatment of [[type II diabetes]]. {{As of|2007}}, it is one of only two oral anti-di

...y Name|rINN]]) ({{pronEng|bjuːˈpɪvəkeɪn}}) is a [[local anaesthetic]] drug belonging to the [[amino]] [[amide]] group. [[AstraZeneca]] commonly market ...use of potential risk of tourniquet failure and systemic absorption of the drug.

...a common [[local anesthetic]] and [[antiarrhythmic agent|antiarrhythmic]] drug. Lidocaine is used [[topical]]ly to relieve itching, burning and pain from ...en_1948">{{cite book|author=Nils Löfgren|title=Xylocaine: a new synthetic drug|address=Stockholm|year=1948|note=Inaugural Dissertation May 24th 1948}}</r

...'' ({{pron-en|ˈklɔrəkwɪn}}) is a [[4-aminoquinoline]] drug used in the treatment or prevention of [[malaria]]. ...rug. It was introduced into clinical practice in 1947 for the prophylactic treatment of malaria.<ref>http://www.cdc.gov/malaria/history/index.htm#chloroquine</r

...selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and over-the-counter (OTC) treatment.] Medical Hypotheses'', 2006; 66(4), 689 - 690. </ref> However, extensive c ...ession of cough, analgesia, and other effects from a given quantity of the drug by itself. In various places in the world, cough & cold preparations contai

...eroid]] drugs. It acts as an [[anti-inflammatory]] and [[immunosuppressive drug|immunosuppressant]]. It is 20 to 30 times more potent than the naturally oc ...unteract certain [[Adverse drug reaction|side-effects]] of their antitumor treatment. Dexamethasone can augment the [[antiemetic]] effect of [[5-HT3 antagonist|

| title = Prednisone or prednisolone for the treatment of chronic active hepatitis? A comparison of plasma availability ...rticoid]] and low [[mineralocorticoid]] activity, making it useful for the treatment of a wide range of inflammatory and [[auto-immune]] conditions<ref>Czock D,

...Australia|Aus]])<br />[[Over-the-counter substance|OTC]] or [[Prescription drug|Rx]] ([[U.S.]]) ...''-acetyl-''L''-cysteine''' (abbreviated '''NAC'''), is a [[pharmaceutical drug]] and [[nutritional supplement]] used primarily as a [[mucolytic agent]] an

...dly reduce the pain commonly experienced after receiving injections of the drug.<ref>Iran Produces First Desferal Pills." Press TV 9 May 2009. 9 May 2009 < Deferoxamine has also been used in the treatment of a patient with [[aceruloplasminemia]].<!--

...itle=Dimercaprol}}</ref> In addition, it has in the past been used for the treatment of [[Wilson's disease]], a genetic disorder in which the body tends to reta ...wever, remove inorganic mercury from the kidneys; but is not useful in the treatment of alkylmercury or phenyl mercury toxicity. Dimercaprol also enhances the t

...ass_name=%2804%2E2%2E%29Specific%20antidotes%3Cbr%3E|website=International Drug Price Indicator Guide|accessdate=13 August 2015}}</ref> ...mergency overdose response kits distributed to [[heroin]] and other opioid drug users and emergency responders. This has been shown to reduce rates of dea

...disease]], a rare genetic disorder of [[copper]] metabolism, penicillamine treatment relies on its binding to accumulated copper and elimination through [[urine * Penicillamine is the 2nd line treatment for arsenic poisonning, after [[dimercaprol]] (BAL)

...sant]] and [[mood stabilizer|mood stabilizing]] drug used primarily in the treatment of [[epilepsy]] and [[bipolar disorder]], as well as [[trigeminal neuralgia ...83. |doi=10.1002/hlca.19540370211}}</ref> Schindler then synthesized the drug in 1960, before its anti-epileptic properties had been discovered.

|title=Phenobarbital for the treatment of epilepsy in the 21st century: a critical review | url = http://www.epilepsyfoundation.org/answerplace/Medical/treatment/medications/typesmedicine/phenobarbital.cfm

...voltage-gated sodium channels. Aside from seizures, it is an option in the treatment of [[trigeminal neuralgia]] in the event that carbamazepine is deemed inapp .... This was partially because [[Parke-Davis]] was reluctant to invest in a drug nearing the end of its patent life, and partially due to mixed results from

...States]], the [[Food and Drug Administration (United States)|U.S. Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) has not approved albendazole for this indication. It It is effective first line of treatment against:

.../ |title=Janssen discontinues Ergamisol |last=Frederick |first=James |work=Drug Store News |date=November 27, 2000 |accessdate=2009-08-13}}</ref><ref>{{cit ...levamisole has also gained prominence among [[aquarists]] as an effective treatment for ''[[Camallanus]]'' [[roundworm]] infestations in freshwater tropical fi

'''Mebendazole''' or '''MBZ''' is a [[benzimidazole]] drug developed by [[Janssen Pharmaceutica]] and marketed as '''Vermox''', '''Ove .... It is a highly effective broad spectrum anti elminitic indicated for the treatment of nemotode infestations including round worm, whip worm,thread worm and ho

...up?view=long&pmid=15642971}}</ref> As of 2005, praziquantel is the primary treatment for human [[schistosomiasis]], for which it is usually effective in a singl ...of Clonorchis sinensis adult worms from infected humans after praziquantel treatment |journal=Korean J. Parasitol. |volume=45 |issue=2 |pages=149–52 |year=200

...me [[protozoa]]l diseases, such as [[malaria]]. It is a common [[topical]] treatment for [[acne]] and can be useful against some [[methicillin-resistant Staphyl The most severe common [[adverse drug reaction|adverse effect]] of clindamycin is [[Clostridium difficile|''Clost

...d is usually reversible, and [[aplastic anemia]], which is [[idiosyncratic drug reaction|idiosyncratic]] (rare, unpredictable, and unrelated to dose) and g ...o be sensitive. Chloramphenicol may be used as a second-line agent in the treatment of [[tetracycline]]-resistant [[cholera]].

...ycin received [[Food and Drug Administration (United States)|U.S. Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) approval in 1967, becoming Pfizer's first once-a-day ...|title=Ocular rosacea. Signs, symptoms, and tear studies before and after treatment with doxycycline |journal=Arch Dermatol |volume=133 |issue=1 |pages=49–54

The antibiotic [[clarithromycin]] was invented by scientists at the Japanese drug company [[Taisho Pharmaceutical]] in the 1970s as a result of their efforts ...uld represent a significant advance in the GI field as treatment with this drug would not carry the risk of unintentional selection for [[antibiotic-resist

...must be collected for many days to recover all of a given dose because the drug binds avidly to certain tissues. ...s]]''.<ref>[http://www.merck.com/mmpe/lexicomp/gentamicin.html Gentamicin: Drug Information Provided by Lexi-Comp: Merck Manual Professional]</ref> Gentami

...exicomp/metronidazole.html Merck Manual for Professionals]</ref> It is the drug of choice for first episodes of mild-to-moderate ''[[Clostridium difficile] Metronidazole is also used as a gel preparation in the treatment of the [[dermatology|dermatological]] conditions such as [[rosacea]] ('''Ro

...am|μg]]/mL and may be undetectable; tissue penetration is negligible; the drug is well concentrated in the urine: 75% of the dose is rapidly metabolised b The mechanism of action of nitrofurantoin is unique and complex. The drug works by damaging bacterial [[DNA]], since its reduced form is highly react

...GSK]]), '''Bactrim''' ([[Hoffmann-La Roche|Roche]]), and various [[generic drug|generic]] preparations. Sources differ as to whether co-trimoxazole usuall ...<ref>{{cite journal |author= |title=Co-trimoxazole use restricted |journal=Drug Ther Bull |year=1995 |month=December | volume=33 |issue=12 |pages=92–3 |p

...'Triprim'''; but these trade names have been licensed to various [[generic drug|generic pharmaceutical]] manufacturers. In clinical use it is often abbrev This drug was invented by Dr Aaron Goodman, OBE.

...served as a [[drug of last resort|drug of "last resort"]], used only after treatment with other antibiotics had failed, although the emergence of vancomycin-res ...10.1086/491709 }}</ref> The original indication for vancomycin was for the treatment of [[penicillin]]-resistant ''[[Staphylococcus aureus]]''.<ref name="Levine

...] nodosum leprosum (ENL). (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p1619). Drug is given as an alternative to patients who can not tolerate the effects of ...harmaceutical company [[Geigy]] (today member of the [[Novartis]] group of drug producers), the product was launched in 1969 as Lamprene.

| legal_status = ℞-only <small>(U.S.)</small>, [[Prescription drug|POM]] <small>([[United Kingdom|UK]])</small> ...with [[rifampicin]] and [[clofazimine]] as multidrug therapy (MDT) for the treatment of ''[[Mycobacterium leprae]]'' infections ([[leprosy]]). It is also used

...([[United States Adopted Name|USAN]]) is a [[bactericidal]] [[antibiotic]] drug of the [[rifamycin]] group.<ref name="isbn0-07-142290-0">{{cite book |autho ...d regularly daily for several months without break; otherwise, the risk of drug-resistant tuberculosis is greatly increased.<ref name="isbn0-06-273090-8" /

...82-6}}</ref> It is usually given in combination with other [[Tuberculosis treatment|tuberculosis drugs]], such as [[isoniazid]], [[rifampicin]] and [[pyrazinam ...//www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/medmaster/a682550.html Medline Plus drug information]

...] that is the first-line anti[[tuberculosis]] medication in prevention and treatment. It was first discovered in 1912, and later in 1951 it was found to be effe ...maceutical companies attempted unsuccessfully to simultaneously patent the drug<ref>{{Cite journal|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9670|pages=1148&ndash;11

'''Pyrazinamide''' is a [[drug]] used to treat [[tuberculosis]]. The drug is largely [[bacteriostatic]], but can be [[bacteriocidal]] on actively rep ...sually 500&nbsp;mg and form the bulkiest part of the standard tuberculosis treatment regimen. Pyrazinamide tablets are so large that some patients find them im

| publisher = Drug Safety Site '''Streptomycin''' is an [[antibiotic]] drug, the first of a class of drugs called [[aminoglycoside]]s to be discovered,

...]]''. For the treatment of tuberculosis, it is classified as a second line drug, i.e. its use is only considered if one or more first line drugs cannot be ...ve against other bacteria as well, cycloserine is not commonly used in the treatment of infections other than tuberculosis.

...(2-ethylthioisonicotinamide, Trecator SC) is an [[antibiotic]] used in the treatment of [[tuberculosis]]. ...=Vannelli TA, Dykman A, Ortiz de Montellano PR |title=The antituberculosis drug ethionamide is activated by a flavoprotein monooxygenase |journal=J. Biol.

...name '''Canesten''') is an [[antifungal]] medication commonly used in the treatment of fungal infections of both humans and animals such as [[candidiasis|vagin ==Drug interactions==

...ng|fluːˈkɒnəzoʊl}}) is a [[triazole]] [[antifungal drug]] used in the treatment and prevention of superficial and systemic fungal infections. In a bulk pow ...ess to avoid producing any [[Chirality (chemistry)|chiral]] centers in the drug so that subsequent synthesis and purification would not encounter difficult

| legal_status = [[Prescription drug|POM]] <small>([[United Kingdom|UK]])</small>, ℞-only <small>(U.S.)</small ...'Grisovin''', a proprietary name of Glaxo Laboratories) is an [[antifungal drug]] that is administered orally. It is used both in animals and in humans, t

...toxicity]] profile, there are currently no injectable formulations of this drug on the US market.<ref>Nystatin on RxList.com http://www.rxlist.com/script/m ...ageal]] ''[[Candida (genus)|Candida]]'' infections usually respond well to treatment with nystatin. ''[[Cryptococcus]]'' is also sensitive to nystatin. In the [

...ungisome, Amphocil, Amphotec) is a [[polyene]] [[antifungal]] [[medication|drug]], often used [[intravenous]]ly for systemic [[fungi|fungal]] [[infection]] Currently the drug is available as plain Amphotericin B, as cholesteryl sulfate complex, as li

...[[pyrimidine analogue]], is a synthetic [[Antifungal drug|antimycotic]] [[drug]]. ...synthesized in 1957 but its antifugnal properties discovered in 1964. The drug is dispensed in capsules of 250 mg and 500 mg strength. The injectable form

...chemical in photography. KI is a component in some disinfectants and hair treatment hair chemicals. KI is also used as a [[fluorescence quenching]] agent in bi *Saturated solutions of potassium iodide can be an emergency treatment for [[hyperthyroidism]] (so-called [[thyroid storm]]), as high amounts of i

...or the treatment of [[herpes simplex virus]] infections, as well as in the treatment of [[herpes zoster|herpes zoster (shingles)]]. ...er and pioneer in antiviral therapy, was the first to successfully use the drug in humans.

...DA) on December 18, 1998 and is thus the fifteenth approved antiretroviral drug in the United States. Its patent expired in the United States on 2009-12-2 ...on, in combination with other antiretroviral agents, are indicated for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.

...ective against [[HIV]] and used in combination with other [[antiretroviral drug]] therapy as part of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The related pro-drug of didanosine, 2'3'-dideoxyadenosine (ddA), was initially synthesized by M.

...'), is a [[nucleoside]] [[reverse transcriptase inhibitor]] (NRTI) for the treatment of [[HIV]] infection in adults and children. ...proved by the [[Food and Drug Administration (United States)|U.S. Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) on July 12, 2006 under the brand name '''Atripla'''.

...een used for treatment of chronic [[hepatitis B]] at a lower dose than for treatment of [[HIV]]. It improves the seroconversion of e-antigen positive hepatitis ...tually led to the first oral antiviral agent for the treatment of HBV. The drug was later licensed to the British pharmaceutical company Glaxo by Biochem P

...release version for once-a-day dosing in 2001. The fourth [[antiretroviral drug]] on the market, its patent expired in the United States on 2008-06-25. ...dystrophy]], and for this reason it is no longer considered an appropriate treatment for most patients in developed countries.

| legal_status = ℞-only <small>(U.S.)</small>, [[Prescription drug|POM]] <small>([[United Kingdom|UK]])</small> ...under the trade name '''Viread''', belongs to a class of [[antiretroviral drug]]s known as nucleotide analogue [[reverse transcriptase inhibitor]]s (nRTIs

...ghly active [[Antiretroviral drug|antiretroviral therapy]] (HAART) for the treatment of a human immunodeficiency virus ([[HIV]]) type 1. ...ides HAART in a single tablet taken once a day. It results in a simplified drug regimen for many patients.

...on = [[Kidney|Renal]]: <6% (Parent drug) <br> [[Bile|Biliary]] <5% (Parent drug) As with other [[antiretroviral drug]]s, HIV rapidly develops resistance if nevirapine is used alone, so recomme

...pharmacology)|protease inhibitor]] used as a component of [[antiretroviral drug|highly active antiretroviral therapy]] (HAART) to treat [[HIV]] infection a ...y prior antiretroviral drug; using it with dual NRTIs set the standard for treatment of HIV/AIDS and raised the bar on design and introduction of subsequent ant

| legal_status = ℞-only <small>(U.S.)</small>, [[Prescription drug|POM]] <small>([[United Kingdom|UK]])</small> '''Lopinavir''' ('''ABT-378''') is an [[Antiretroviral drug|antiretroviral]] of the [[Protease inhibitor (pharmacology)|protease inhibi

...ed dose combination (antiretroviral)|fixed dose combination]] drug for the treatment of [[HIV]] infection. It combines [[Gilead Sciences]]'s [[tenofovir]] and [ ...U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration|FDA]] on July 12, 2006. In the UK, the drug cost to the NHS is {{GB£}}620 per month.

...olypharmacy|pill burden]] and in aiding compliance with the antiretroviral drug therapy. ...e in the United States by the [[U.S. Food and Drug Administration|Food and Drug Administration]] on September 26, 1997, making it the thirteenth approved a

'''Nelfinavir''' ('''Viracept''') is an [[antiretroviral drug]] used in the treatment of the [[human immunodeficiency virus]] (HIV). Nelfinavir belongs to the cl ...ribed in combination with [[HIV]] reverse transcriptase inhibitors for the treatment of HIV infection. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Zhang KE, Wu E, Patick AK, ''

...mes: Copegus, Rebetol, Ribasphere, Vilona and Virazole) is an [[anti-viral drug]] indicated for severe [[Human respiratory syncytial virus|RSV]] infection ...he drug is present, which can be as long as 6 months after a course of the drug has ended.

'''Diloxanide furoate''' is an anti-protozoal drug used in the treatment of ''[[Entamoeba histolytica]]''<ref name="pmid19332922">{{cite journal |au ...d that this drug had a low incidence of side effects and was successful in treatment of 86% of asymptomatic carriers of ''[[Entamoeba histolytica]].'' <ref nam

...ies and inhibitory profiles of CYP2D6.1, CYP2D6.10, and CYP2D6.17 |journal=Drug Metab. Dispos. |volume=35 |issue=8 |pages=1292–300 |year=2007 |month=Augu ...most widely used opiate in the world, and probably the most commonly used drug overall according to numerous reports by organizations including the World

...us mixture including sodium nitrite solution has been used as an emergency treatment for cyanide poisoning (see [[Cyanide#Antidote]]). ...ain.html | title = Heading Off Migraine Pain | publisher = [[U.S. Food and Drug Administration]] | work = FDA Consumer magazine | year = 1998}}</ref>

...arinic acetylcholine receptor]]. It is classified as an [[anticholinergic drug]]. Being potentially deadly, it derives its name from [[Atropos]], one of t [[Injection (medicine)|Injection]]s of atropine are used in the treatment of [[bradycardia]] (an extremely low heart rate), [[asystole]] and [[pulsel

...rculosis]]. This [[organic compound]] has been use since the 1940s for the treatment of [[inflammatory bowel disease]]s (IBDs), where it has shown greater poten ...[[streptomycin]]. PAS formed part of the standard [[tuberculosis treatment|treatment for tuberculosis]] prior to the introduction of [[rifampicin]] and [[pyrazi

...isoforms to N-demethylation of ketamine in human liver microsomes |journal=Drug Metabolism and Disposition |volume=30 |issue=7 |pages=853–8 |year=2002 |m ...r=1999 |pmid=10551055 |pmc=2148883}}</ref> and is used as a [[recreational drug]].

...a synthetic [[chemotherapeutic]] [[antibiotic]] of the [[fluoroquinolone]] drug class.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Nelson | first1 = JM. | last2 = Chille ...ently, '''Proquin'''. In addition, ciprofloxacin is available as a generic drug under a variety of different brand names and is also available for limited

...ill burden]] and increases [[compliance]] with antiretroviral therapy. The drug has also found some potential as a preventative measure if taken daily or w ...ritonavir or boosted atazanavir or efavirenz were effective in the initial treatment of patients with HIV-1 infection (with screening plasma HIV-1 RNA levels of

Methylene blue was identified by [[Paul Ehrlich]] about 1891 as a successful treatment for [[malaria]]. It disappeared as an anti-malarial during the [[Pacific Wa ...price. Several clinical trials are in progress, trying to find a suitable drug combination. Initial attempts to combine methylene blue with [[chloroquine]

...sial and not widely accepted.<ref>{{cite journal | author=Hahn,D.L.| title=Treatment of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in adult asthma: A before-after trial | j ...(FDA) approved AzaSite, an ophthalmic formulation of azithromycin, for the treatment of eye infections. AzaSite is currently marketed in the US by Inspire Pharm

...still preclude its widespread use in this setting. It is also used in the treatment of [[polycystic ovary syndrome]] and has been investigated for other diseas ...vels and is not associated with weight gain, and is the only anti-diabetic drug that has been conclusively shown to prevent the cardiovascular complication

...[[mood stabilizer|mood-stabilizing]] [[medication|drug]], primarily in the treatment of [[epilepsy]], [[bipolar disorder]], and, less commonly, [[major depressi VPA is a [[histone deacetylase inhibitor]] and is under investigation for treatment of HIV and various cancers.

Fluoxetine is approved for the treatment of [[major depressive disorder|major depression]] (including pediatric depr ...08-03-30 | author = Verispan|date = 2008-02-18| format = PDF | publisher = Drug Topics}}</ref><!-- the "third-most popular antidepressant claim" is gained

...[benzodiazepines]] are contraindicated. It is available [[over-the-counter drug|over the counter]] in the [[United Kingdom]], [[Australia]], [[Canada]], [[ * As an [[adjunct]] [[therapy|treatment]] for [[anaphylaxis|anaphylactoid]] [[condition]]s ([[Intramuscular injecti

...ations may come solely from the high surface area, though further chemical treatment often enhances the absorbing properties of the material. Activated carbon ...heir rate of diffusion are faster. Granulated carbons are used for [[water treatment]], deodourisation and separation of components of flow system. GAC can be e

...l-sal-i|SIL|ik}}, abbreviated '''ASA'''), is a [[salicylate]] [[medication|drug]], often used as an [[analgesic]] to relieve minor aches and pains, as an [ Aspirin also has an [[Antiplatelet drug|antiplatelet]] effect by inhibiting the production of [[thromboxane]], whic

=====For curative treatment===== ===For treatment of acute attack===

...bound to Fe. Other cyanometalates are similarly stable with low toxicity. Treatment with acids, however, can liberate the extremely toxic [[hydrogen cyanide]]. ...n blue capsules, when manufactured under the conditions of an approved New Drug Application (NDA), can be found safe and effective therapy" in certain pois

'''Suramin''' is a [[medication|drug]] developed by [[Oskar Dressel]] and [[Richard Kothe]] of [[Bayer]], [[Germ It is used for treatment of human [[African trypanosomiasis|sleeping sickness]] caused by [[trypanos

...of spectrum and level of activity<ref name=AHFS>{{ cite book | title= AHFS DRUG INFORMATION 2006 | publisher= American Society of Health-System Pharmacists ...lin only by the presence of an [[amino]] group. That amino group helps the drug penetrate the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria.

...me="McMillan-2007">{{cite journal | author=McMillan A, Young H. |title=The treatment of pharyngeal gonorrhoea with a single oral dose of cefixime | journal=Int ...me '''Suprax''' in the USA, until 2003 when it was taken off the market by drug manufacturer [[Wyeth]] after its [[patent]] expired. The oral suspension fo

...aceutical company)|Beecham]], which filed for US patent protection for the drug combination in 1979. {{Cite patent|US|4441609}} was granted in 1984. '''Aug The amoxicillin/clavulanic acid combination is also used in the treatment of, among other infections, [[periodontitis]] and [[kennel cough]] <ref >{{

....nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?id=645|title=Penicillin V Potassium tablet: Drug Label Sections|date=12/2006|publisher=[[United States National Library of M ..."Martindale">{{cite book|editor=Sweetman S.|title=Martindale: The complete drug reference|publisher=Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain and the P

...Bicillin CR and Billin CR 900/300 syringe labels.<ref>United States Food & Drug Administration. [http://www.fda.gov/bbs/topics/ANSWERS/2004/ANS01329.html " *[[Respiratory tract]] infections where compliance with oral treatment is unlikely

...({{pronEng|oʊˈmɛprəzoʊl}}) is a [[proton pump inhibitor]] used in the treatment of [[dyspepsia]], [[peptic ulcer|peptic ulcer disease]] (PUD), [[gastroesop ...hive/product/2009_1201a.html FDA Approves Zegerid OTC for Over-the-Counter Treatment of Frequent Heartburn].</ref> In India it is available as OMEZ (FGP). In Ar

...]] ([[dihydropyridine]] class) used as an [[anti-hypertensive]] and in the treatment of [[Angina pectoris|angina]]. Like other calcium channel blockers, amlodip * Excessive lowering of blood pressure during initiation of amlodipine treatment can occur, especially in patients already taking another blood pressure low

...n 1976, atenolol was developed as a replacement for [[propranolol]] in the treatment of [[hypertension]]. The chemical works by slowing down the heart and redu ...ely used β-blockers in the [[United Kingdom]] and was once the first-line treatment for [[hypertension]]. The role for β-blockers in hypertension was downgrad

...[ACE inhibitor|angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor]] used in the treatment of [[hypertension]] and some types of chronic [[heart failure]]. ACE raises Enalapril is a treatment for high blood pressure that works by modulating the [[renin-angiotensin sy

...ral vascular resistance]]. Hydrochlorothiazide is sold both as a [[generic drug]] and under a large number of brand names, including '''Apo-Hydro''', '''Aq HCTZ is often used in the treatment of [[hypertension]], congestive [[heart failure]], symptomatic [[edema]] an

| pregnancy_category = a drug of choice in [[Pregnancy-induced hypertension|PIH]] ...'', '''Aldoril''', '''Dopamet''', '''Dopegyt''', etc.) is a [[psychoactive drug]] used as a [[sympatholytic]] or [[antihypertensive]]. Its use is now depre

...[[acetyl]] derivative is [[acetyldigoxin]]. Digoxin is widely used in the treatment of various [[heart condition]]s, namely [[atrial fibrillation]], [[atrial f ...s who remain symptomatic despite proper [[diuretic]] and [[ACE inhibitor]] treatment. It has fallen out of favor because it was proven to be ineffective at decr

...(former [[British Approved Name|BAN]]) is a [[loop diuretic]] used in the treatment of congestive [[heart failure]] and [[edema]]. It is most commonly marketed ...lso included on the [[World Anti-Doping Agency]]'s [[doping (sport)|banned drug]] list due to its alleged use as a masking agent for other drugs.

...d others, as well as generically) is a [[hypolipidemic agent|hypolipidemic drug]] belonging to the class of pharmaceuticals called "[[statin]]s". It is use Simvastatin is a powerful [[lipid]]-lowering drug that can decrease [[low density lipoprotein]] (LDL) levels by up to 50%. It

...use dopamine cannot cross the [[blood-brain barrier]], dopamine given as a drug does not directly affect the [[central nervous system]]. To increase the am ...ophrenia, autism, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, as well as drug abuse.

...inuria]], and [[dural ectasia]]. Acetazolamide is available as a [[generic drug]] and is also used as a [[diuretic]]. Acetazolamide is often used in the treatment of various diseases.

...was established by [[Leonard Goodwin]] during the Second World War when a treatment was urgently required for Allied troops during the [[Allied invasion of Sic The duration of treatment is usually 10 to 21 days and depends on the species of ''[[Leishmania]]'' a

...s]] and [[acne]] in women, and can be used as a [[topical]] medication for treatment of male [[baldness]]. It is commonly used to treat symptoms of [[polycystic ...rrhosis]] can lead to secondary aldosteronism, which is one indication for treatment. Overall, spironolactone has a rather slow onset of action, requiring seve

...er: Milk of Magnesia]</ref> and "Phillips' Milk of Magnesia" to [[Sterling Drug]].<ref>[http://tarr.uspto.gov/servlet/tarr?regser=serial&entry=71016576 res ...causes of seborrhea itself, are unknown. An additional folk use is for the treatment of acne or oily skin by applying topically, allowing to dry, and then washi

...e is also used alongside [[fexofenadine]] and other antihistamines for the treatment of skin conditions such as [[hives]]. Certain preparations of ranitidine are available [[Over-the-counter drug|over the counter]] (OTC) in various countries. In the United States, 75&nbs

...of [[caffeine]], sometimes used in medical treatment, including short-term treatment of [[apnea of prematurity]] ([[apnea|lack of breathing]] in [[premature bir The drug is prepared simply by combining anhydrous caffeine with [[citric acid]] mon

...name Ventolin. The drug was an instant success, and has been used for the treatment of asthma ever since.<ref>[http://www.pharmj.com/Editorial/20071013/article ...they see active wheezing, bronchospasm and a past diagnosis of asthma. The drug is most often administered through a nebulizer with 6-8 liters per minute o

...Baigelman W, Chodosh S |title=Bronchodilator action of the anticholinergic drug, ipratropium bromide (Sch 1000), as an aerosol in chronic bronchitis and as It is administered by inhalation for the treatment of [[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease|obstructive lung disease]]s.

...stric]] emptying in patients with [[gastroparesis]]. It is also a primary treatment for [[migraine]] headaches. ...3.htm]</ref> The FDA only approves metoclopramide for 4-12 week short term treatment.

Potassium chloride is used as the third of a three-drug combination in [[lethal injection]]. Additionally, KCl is used (albeit rare ....<ref>[http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/767448-treatment Hypokalemia: Treatment & Medication]</ref> Brand names include K-Dur, Klor-Con, Micro-K, Slow-K an

...ake oral medication, and peri-operatively in patients on long-term steroid treatment to prevent an [[Addison's disease|Addisonian crisis]]. It may be used topi

...''pro'''panoic-'''phen'''olic acid) is a [[non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug]] (NSAID) originally marketed as '''Brufen''', and since then under various ...prise|Queen's Award For Technical Achievement]] for the development of the drug in 1987.<ref name="title Dr. Stewart Adams: I tested ibuprofen on my hangov

Adrenaline is used as a [[medication|drug]] to treat [[cardiac arrest]] and other [[cardiac dysrhythmia]]s resulting ...ww.medicinenet.com/asthma/page8.htm |title=Asthma Causes, Types, Symptoms, Treatment, Medication, Facts and the Link to Allergies by MedicineNet.com |work= |acc

...ic]] effects of inhaling it, a property that has led to its [[recreational drug use|recreational use]] as a [[dissociative]] [[anesthetic]]. It is also use ...ung diseases could be treated by inhalation of "Factitious Airs"<ref name="Drug discovery"/> (the word [[factitious]] means "artificial").

...es |publisher= Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration}}</ref> ...for Human Use Code of federal regulations|publisher=United States Food and Drug Administration|accessdate=May 1, 2007}}</ref> Mercury is still used in some

...riptase inhibitor]] (NRTI), a type of [[antiretroviral drug]] used for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. It is an [[analog (chemistry)|analog]] of [[thymidine]]. AZT was the first approved treatment for [[HIV]], sold under the names '''Retrovir''' and '''Retrovis'''. AZT us

{{About|the drug|other meanings|Morphine (disambiguation)}} '''[[Recreational drug use|Recreational]] uses:'''<br>

...([[United States Adopted Name|USAN]]) is a widely used [[over-the-counter drug|over-the-counter]] [[analgesic]] (pain reliever) and [[antipyretic]] (fever ...tamol poisoning in the United Kingdom: a review of the literature |journal=Drug Saf |volume=30 |issue=6 |pages=465–79 |year=2007 |pmid=17536874 |doi= 10.

...e book | editor= Edited by Reynolds JEF | title=[[Martindale: The complete drug reference]] | edition=29th | date=1989 | publisher=Pharmaceutical Press | l In traditional Chinese medicine, ephedrine has been used in the treatment of asthma and bronchitis for centuries.<ref name=Ford>Ford MD, Delaney KA,

...sion.<ref name="Riss-2008"/> Diazepam has also been used as a recreational drug. ...ion]]. [[Long-term effects of benzodiazepines]] such as diazepam include [[drug tolerance|tolerance]], [[benzodiazepine dependence]] as well as a [[benzodi

...lowing oral administration, than other β-lactam antibiotics. It is also a treatment for cystic acne.<ref>{{cite web | title = Adolescent Acne: Management | url ...A once daily dosing form (Moxatag) was approved by the American [[Food and Drug Administration (United States)|FDA]] in January 2008.

...ther, now a highly important drug, known as [[physostigmine]], used in the treatment of [[anticholinergic syndrome]], [[myasthenia gravis]], [[glaucoma]] and [[

...=0007996491}}</ref> Aconite was mixed with patrinia and coix, in a famous treatment for [[appendicitis]] described in a formula from the [[Jingui Yaolue]] (ca. ...caution was required, as abraded skin could absorb a dangerous dose of the drug, and merely tasting some of the concentrated preparations available could b

...]], [[cholagogic]], [[antimicrobial]], [[oncostatic]]<ref>Natural Standard Drug Monograph. http://www.naturalstandard.com/naturalstandard/monographs/monofr ...and therapeutic use as greater celandine, particularly in warts and moles treatment.

The term '''digitalis''' is also used for [[drug]] preparations that contain [[cardiac glycoside]]s, particularly one called ...[[Digitalis purpurea]]'' extract containing [[cardiac glycoside]]s for the treatment of [[heart]] conditions was first described in the English speaking medical

...and [[tranquillizer]]. Furthermore, it has [[antimicrobial]], [[Antiviral drug|antiviral]], [[cytotoxic]], and [[immunomodulatory]] proprieties.

...ac]] remedy. This was the first known use of a [[calcium channel blocker]] drug, which were not in wide use in the [[Western world]] until the 1960s.<ref>Y In the Central Himalayas, the plant is used as a treatment for breast and ovary cancer.<ref>''Asia Medicinal Plants Database''</ref>

...der as a potential treatment for skin cancers and as well as an anti-viral treatment.<ref>http://www.nerium.com/index-2.html</ref> === Medical treatment required ===

...te. Despite its [[toxicity]], colchicine is approved by the US FDA for the treatment of [[gout]] and [[Familial Mediterranean Fever]] and is also used in plant

...ith the Endoplasmic Reticulum in Cultured Opium Poppy Cells after Elicitor Treatment - Alcantara et al. 138 (1): 173 - PLANT PHYSIOLOGY<!-- Bot generated title ...l/138/12/1593 | title = Consequences of Using Escharotic Agents as Primary Treatment for Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer | author = McDaniel S., Goldman GD | journal =

...|labeling]], it is possibly effective for use as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of [[irritable bowel syndrome]] (irritable colon, spastic colon, mucous col === Recreational drug ===

{{Main|Cannabis (drug)}} ...[phenethylamine]], [[anticholinergic]] (deliriant), or a [[dissociative]] drug. Currently, certain universities and research firms are studying the medic

...-hydroxy [[benzodiazepine]]. It is generally prescribed for the short-term treatment of [[Insomnia|sleeplessness]] in patients who have difficulty maintaining s ...mit the prescribing of hypnotics to two-to-four weeks due to concerns of [[drug tolerance|tolerance]] and [[physical dependence|dependence]].<ref name="tem

...tion System|ATC]] code: ATC P01) is a class of [[pharmaceutical]]s used in treatment of [[protozoan infection]]. {{Major Drug Groups}}

...tiparasitics''' are a class of [[medications]] which are indicated for the treatment of [[parasitic disease]]s such as [[nematodes]], [[cestode]]s, [[trematode] * [[Diethylcarbamazine]] (for treatment of [[Lymphatic filariasis]])

...ugh drug [[efflux]], ribosomal protection proteins, 16S rRNA mutation, and drug inactivation through the action of a monooxygenase.<ref>Zakeri, B. & Wright ...ia and some protozoa. It, like some other antibiotics, is also used in the treatment of [[acne]].

...ef>http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/rr/rr5504.pdf</ref>, high stress levels and drug use including cannabis. ...edical professionals in the world deal specifically with the diagnosis and treatment of red eye. One such group is the External Eye Disease group, or '''EED Gro

...tation (such as on roller coaster rides) or by certain [[psychoactive drug|drug]]s ([[alcohol]] and other [[central nervous system]] depressants, inhalant ==Treatment==

'''Pentoxifylline''' is the [[International Nonproprietary Name]] (INN) of a drug sold by [[Aventis]] under the [[Brand#Brand name|brand name]] '''Trental''' This drug is passed into the [[breast milk]]. Animal studies have shown no evidence o

...sor medications as a source of methamphetamine and/or amphetamine positive drug testing results | journal = Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medic {{cardiovascular-drug-stub}}

...Med |format={{dead link|date=May 2010}}}}</ref> initially developed in the treatment of [[coronary artery disease]]. {{cardiovascular-drug-stub}}

...antiarrhythmic agent]] used for the [[medicine|medical]] [[Pharmacotherapy|treatment]] of [[cardiac arrhythmia]]s, classified by the [[Vaughan Williams classifi Procanbid will no longer be manufactured.<ref>http://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/shortages/procanletter.pdf</ref>

...pmid=8527291 |pmc=1365109 |doi= |url=}}</ref> It is used as a drug in the treatment of [[erectile dysfunction]]<ref name="pmid12494285">{{cite journal |author= {{cardiovascular-drug-stub}}

...tradecyl sulfate''' (STS) is a sclerosant drug. It is commonly used in the treatment of varicose and spider veins of the leg, during the procedure of [[scleroth {{cardiovascular-drug-stub}}

...veness of Troxerutin in association with Pycnogenol in the pharmacological treatment of venous insufficiency, Riccioni C, Sarcinella R, Izzo A, Palermo G, Liguo {{cardiovascular-drug-stub}}

...[[World Health Organization]] used the term to describe agents used in the treatment of [[hemorrhoid]]s and [[varicose vein]]s.<ref name="urlATC/DDD Index">{{ci {{cardiovascular-drug-stub}}

...www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm212844.htm US Food & drug Administration]) none of these are currently available in the [[United Stat {{cardiovascular-drug-stub}}

...tensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor]] class that is primarily used in treatment of [[hypertension]], [[congestive heart failure]], [[myocardial infarction| ...4. [http://www.fasebj.org/cgi/content/full/18/3/421 "From Viper's Venom to Drug Design: Treating Hypertension"]. ''[[The FASEB Journal]]''. 18, no. 3. </re

...l hydrochloride''' (Renormax) is an [[ACE inhibitor]] [[antihypertensive]] drug used to treat [[hypertension]]. .... A preliminary review of its pharmacology and therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of hypertension. | journal = Drugs | volume = 49 | issue = 5 | pages = 750&

...renin]], are a new group of [[pharmaceutical]]s that are used primarily in treatment of [[hypertension]]. ...nly direct renin inhibitor which is clinically used as an antihypertensive drug. <ref name="ref 1"></ref>

...statin drug Simvastin and an extended release form of niacin used for the treatment of [[dyslipidemia]]. It was approved by the FDA on February 15, 2008.<ref>{ {{cardiovascular-drug-stub}}

...n O, Rosen I, Johansson S. |title=Practical aspects of 3,4-diaminopyridine treatment of the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. |journal=Acta Neurol Scand |volum 3,4-Diaminopyridine experimental drug for the treatment of [[Lambert-Eaton Syndrome]]. In Lambert-Eaton Syndrome, [[acetylcholine]]

.../ref> and the [[Food and Drug Administration (United States)|U.S. Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) approved the compound on January 22, 2010.<ref name= ...t scale industrial application of 4-aminopyridine is as a precursor to the drug [[pinacidil]], which affects potassium ion channels.

Potassium channel blockers used in the treatment of [[cardiac arrhythmia]] are classified as class III antiarrhythmic agents ...f the action potential is uniform over a wide range of heart rates so this drug does '''not''' have reverse use-dependent action. [[Amiodarone]] was the f

...armaceutical and are subject to regulation by the [[United States Food and Drug Administration]]. Name brands include [[Denorex]], Balnetar, Psoriasin, Teg [[Tar]] is used in treatment of the skin disease [[psoriasis]], where coal tar is the most effective. Pe

...s a support for drug delivery system and as [[adsorbent]] in [[waste water treatment]].

...s a support for drug delivery system and as [[adsorbent]] in [[waste water treatment]].

...uction of the [[Food and Drug Administration (United States)|U.S. Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) legislation and the practical use for the clearance ...ry direct food additives Components that are added to the food due to food treatment like treating food with ionic resins, solvent extraction

...nt]]s, and even [[Drag (physics)|drag]] reducers. They are used in [[water treatment]] and for [[oil]] recovery. Many [[soap]]s, [[shampoo]]s, and [[cosmetics]] ...lyelectrolytes for [[implant (medicine)|implant]] coatings, for controlled drug release, and other applications.

...emische Fabrik Kreussler & Co.’s Asclera (polidocanol) injection for the treatment of small varicose (less than 1 mm in diameter) and reticular veins (1 to 3 ...ocanol_bioform_medical.html |title=Asclera Full Prescribing Information in Drug Reference Encyclopedia |format= |work= |accessdate=2010-04-11}}.</ref>

...mechanical properties of polyanhydrides render them ideal as controlled [[drug delivery]] devices. ...e proportional to the degradation rate of the [[polymer]]. The localized treatment of [[chemotherapy]] protects the [[immune system]] from high levels of [[ra

...-carboxybutylchitosan have been prepared for use in cosmetics and in wound treatment. Chitin derivatives can also be used as drug carriers, and a report of the use of chitin in absorbable sutures shows tha

...''). [[PEGylated interferon alfa-2a]] or -2b is a commonly used injectable treatment for [[Hepatitis C]] infection. ...d, Multicenter Comparison of Polyethylene Glycol Laxative and Tegaserod in Treatment of Patients With Chronic Constipation|year=2007|last1=Di Palma|first1=Jack

...ter hydrophobic layer, even if a crack penetrates the surface. Hydrophobic treatment facilitates processing because it allows the use of a [[water jet cutter]]. *Aerogel can be used as a drug delivery system due to its [[biocompatibility]]. Due to its high surface ar

...ion molding]], and often sterilized post-molding, either by irradiation or treatment with [[ethylene oxide]]. Post-mold surface modification, usually with [[oxy ...or example, polystyrene meets the stringent standards of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the European Commission/European Food Safety Authority f

...and products: [[wood pulp]], [[paper]], [[paint]], [[industrial wastewater treatment]], [[food processing]], [[oil drilling]], [[machine tool]] industry, oils c ...also sold commercially to relieve [[bloating]]. A familiar example is the drug [[Simethicone]], which is the active ingredient in drugs such as [[Maalox]]

==Types of stainless steel==<!-- target from [[drug-eluting stent#design]] --> ...and strength, more [[carbon]] is added. When subjected to adequate [[heat treatment]], these steels are used as [[razor]] blades, [[cutlery]], [[tool]]s, etc.

...] by the local [[adivasi]] tribals and villagers<ref name="USDA"/> for the treatment of inflammatory disorders<ref name="Anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic ac ...medicine]] as a valid [[anti-inflammatory]] and [[antimicrobial]] [[herbal drug]]<ref name="Anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of triterpenoids

{{About|industrial hemp|its psychoactive variant|Cannabis (drug)|the biology of the plant|Cannabis|other uses|Hemp (disambiguation)}} ...ndustrial hemp production produce only minute amounts of this psychoactive drug, not enough for any physical or psychological effects. Typically, hemp cont

...ulfanilamide]]. Sulfanilamide is one of the [[sulfonamide (medicine)|sulfa drug]]s, which were widely used as [[antibacterial]]s in the early 20th century. ...ted from [[coal tar]] a substance that produced a beautiful blue colour on treatment with chloride of lime, which he named kyanol or cyanol. In 1841, C. J. Frit

...5-aminosalicylic acid''' (5-ASA), is an [[anti-inflammatory]] [[medication|drug]] used to treat inflammation of the digestive tract [[ulcerative colitis]]< ...e = Medical management of mild to moderate Crohn's disease: evidence-based treatment algorithms for induction and maintenance of remission

'''Balsalazide''' is an anti-inflammatory drug used in the treatment of [[inflammatory bowel disease]]. It is sold under the name "Colazal" in t ...709512}}</ref> in the large intestine. Its advantage over that drug in the treatment of [[ulcerative colitis]] is believed to be the delivery of the active agen

...i|10.1200/JCO.2008.21.3223}}</ref> Pazopanib also appears effective in the treatment of non-small cell lung carcinoma.<ref name="FierceBiotech" /> {{antineoplastic-drug-stub}}

...edient of Mucosolvan, Lasolvan or Mucoangin. The substance is a mucoactive drug with several properties including secretolytic and secretomotoric actions t ...oxol in the 21st century: pharmacological and clinical update. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2008; 4(8): 1119-1129)</ref>. There are many different formul

...ch infects fish eggs in commercial aquaculture. It is also a very popular treatment against [[ichthyophthirius]] in [[freshwater]] [[aquarium|aquaria]]. The p ...ported from [[China]] and [[Taiwan]]. In 2006 the United States [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) detected malachite green in seafood imported from Ch

...' (bri-MOE-ni-deen, brand names Alphagan and Alphagan-P) is a [[medication|drug]] used to treat [[glaucoma|open-angle glaucoma]] or [[ocular hypertension]] ...aqueous humor]], and increasing the amount that drains from the eye. As a treatment for glaucoma, it is usually given in eyedrop form.

Dexmedetomidine may be useful for the treatment of the deleterious cardiovascular effects of acute [[cocaine]] [[intoxicati ==Drug interactions==

...ty]] as a [[vasoconstrictor]]. It is used [[Pharmacology|medicinally]] for treatment of acute [[migraine]] attacks (sometimes in combination with [[caffeine]]), ...Schoenen J, Ferrari MD, Goadsby PJ|year=2000|title=Ergotamine in the acute treatment of migraine: a review and European consensus|journal= Brain|volume=123|page

...commonly used in [[prescription drug|prescription]] and [[over-the-counter drug|over-the-counter]] [[cough and cold preparation]]s. In [[veterinary medicin ...diagnosis of [[schizophrenia]] or [[mania]], lengthy hospitalization, and treatment with substantial doses of [[neuroleptics]] or [[lithium]].}}

...discovery, pharmacological effects, and therapeutic potential |journal=CNS Drug Reviews |volume=13 |issue=4 |pages=405–22 |year=2007 |pmid=18078426 |doi=

An '''adrenergic alpha-agonist''' (or '''alpha-adrenergic agonist''') is a drug that selectively stimulates alpha [[adrenergic receptor]]s. The alpha-adren ...tor center-mediated CNS activation; used as antihypertensives, sedatives & treatment of opiate and [[alcohol withdrawal]] symptoms). Selected examples are:

...> It has been suggested as having potential therapeutic application in the treatment of [[Extrapyramidal system#Extrapyramidal symptoms|extrapyramidal]] side ef

...ign to potentially serious. With the exception of very high temperatures, treatment to reduce fever is often not necessary; however, [[antipyretic]] medication ...780323028455 |page=2506 |url= }}</ref> [[neuroleptic malignant syndrome]], drug effects, [[serotonin syndrome]], and [[thyroid storm]].<ref name=EM01>{{cit

...0% oxygen or providing [[hyperbaric oxygen]] therapy, although the optimum treatment remains controversial.<ref name="ToxicolRev2005-buckley">{{cite journal|aut ...abolism of dihalomethanes to carbon monoxide. II. In vitro studies|journal=Drug metabolism and disposition|year=1975|pages=104–112|volume=3|issue=2|pmid=

== Prevention and treatment == ====3) Medical and pharmacological treatment====

...mia]], do not. The branch of medicine concerned with the study, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of cancer is [[oncology]]. ...vaccine designed to prevent cancer available. In 2006, the [[U.S. Food and Drug Administration]] approved a [[human papilloma virus]] vaccine, called [[Gar

...l|pron}}, ''nos-uh-KOH-mee-uhl''), are [[infection]]s that are a result of treatment in a [[hospital]] or a healthcare service unit. Infections are considered n ...not practice correct hygiene regularly. Also, increased use of outpatient treatment means that people who are hospitalized are more ill and have more weakened

...ronment. When drawing blood, administering an intramuscular or intravenous drug, or performing other procedures involving sharps, the [[Hypodermic needle|n ...Mayer J, Zankel M, Pastore G, Dietrich M, Trautwein C, Manns MP | title = Treatment of acute hepatitis C with interferon alfa-2b | journal = New England Journa

...results from blood tests or more elaborate records of ongoing diagnosis or treatment (such as all biological monitoring not defined as an employee exposure reco ...ation would be records of voluntary employee assistance programs (alcohol, drug abuse, or personal counseling programs), medical records concerning health

...omegalovirus]]), [[Stevens-Johnson Syndrome]], [[Pneumocystis pneumonia]], drug reaction, aspiration and complications of prematurity ([[bronchopulmonary d Diacetyl is approved by the Food and Drug Administration as a safe flavor ingredient, but there is evidence to sugges

...e]] (also known as CCA or [[Tanalith]]) was invented, and for decades this treatment was the most extensive industrial use of arsenic. Due to an increased under ...US [[Food and Drug Administration]] in 2000 approved this compound for the treatment of patients with [[acute promyelocytic leukemia]] that is resistant to [[al

...uch as in the treatment of [[wart]]s. Many aquarists use formaldehyde as a treatment for the parasites ''[[Ichthyophthirius multifiliis]]'' and ''[[Cryptocaryon ...olution often called the [[Marquis reagent]]), is used as an [[MDMA]] (the drug ecstasy) "testing kit" by such groups as [[Dancesafe]] as well as MDMA cons

Diagnosis and treatment of lead exposure are based on blood lead level (the amount of lead in the b ...cal specialists in the area of poisoning, may be involved in diagnosis and treatment. <!-- BLOOD LEAD LEVEL -->

...f electrical shock deaths in humans ages 16–22 were indirectly caused by drug problems.<ref name=niosh /> * As a treatment for fibrillation or irregular heart rhythms: see [[defibrillator]] and [[ca

...|title = Metals, fertility, and reproductive toxicity}}</ref> The antidote/treatment for lead poisoning consists of [[dimercaprol]] and [[succimer]]. ...tic – Lead Contamination|accessdate = 2010-02-02|publisher=U.S. Food and Drug Administration}}</ref> It has been suggested that what was known as "[[Devo

*allergies and adverse drug reactions, ...al health information, some PHRs provide added-value services such as drug-drug interaction checking or electronic messaging between patients and providers

.../display/article/1145628/1581538 EHRs, meaningful use, and a model EMR]. ''Drug Benefit Trends.'' May 2010;22(4):99-101.</ref> It is important to note that ...tremendously decrease medical errors: CPOE could eliminate 200,000 adverse drug events and save about $1 billion per year if installed in all hospitals.<re

...am engineering]], e.g., [[boiler water treatment system]]: ''Chelant Water Treatment system.'' ...tive medicine, chelation is used as a [[Autism therapies#Chelation therapy|treatment]] for [[autism]], though this practice is controversial due to no scientifi

...PDF]</ref> Like many other chelating agents, DTPA has been considered for treatment internal contamination from radioactive materials such as [[plutonium]], [[ | journal = Nat Rev Drug Discov

...honate]] used in detergents, water treatment, cosmetics and pharmaceutical treatment. {{musculoskeletal-drug-stub}}

* [[Water treatment]] ** in the anti-cancer drug [[Samarium (153Sm) lexidronam|Samarium (¹⁵³Sm) lexidronam]]

...]) to yield calcium citrate salt, from which citric acid is regenerated by treatment with [[sulfuric acid]]. ...ascorbic acid]], [[acetic acid]], and [[lactic acid]]; in their absence, a drug user will often substitute lemon juice or [[vinegar]].

...n made in large quantities. It is non-toxic by comparison to other mercury treatment technologies.<ref name=Blue/> ...lluted soil, as the precipitate is inert and can be left in the soil after treatment.<ref name=Blue2008>{{vcite journal |title=Low-level mercury removal from gr

...Klamt, "COSMO-RS: From Quantum Chemistry to Fluid Phase Thermodynamics and Drug Design", Elsevier, 2005.</ref>.

...[DTPA]] has been approved by the [[U.S. Food and Drug Administration]] for treatment of [[plutonium]] poisoning.

A knowledge of p''K''_a values is important for the quantitative treatment of systems involving acid–base equilibria in solution. Many applications ...olubility in water, but decrease the lipophilicity. This is exploited in [[drug development]] to increase the concentration of a compound in the blood by a

...t is also used for making [[aluminum hydroxide]], which is used at [[water treatment]] plants to [[filter (water)|filter]] out impurities, as well as to improve The standard first aid treatment for acid spills on the skin is, as for other [[corrosion|corrosive]] agents

=== Treatment of activity === ...ant for pharmaceuticals where lipophilicity is a significant property of a drug

- [[Body treatment]] - [[Over-the-counter drug]]

...l |author=Feldman S, Careccia RE, Barham KL, Hancox J |title=Diagnosis and treatment of acne |journal=Am Fam Physician |volume=69 |issue=9 |pages=2123–30 |yea ...med B, Sami N, Razzaque Ahmed A |title=Blistering disorders: diagnosis and treatment |journal=Dermatol Ther |volume=16 |issue=3 |pages=214–23 |year=2003 |pmid

...dying. One of the Lords of Carlyle Industries, the concern that makes this drug, is killed in a car bombing, leaving his son Gregor Varnhelt to discover wh ...s originally meant to be a cure-all and [[geriatrics|age retarding]] super drug. Those infected by the virus gain some select powers of Jason Voorhees, inc

...ge in clinical practice lymphedema is now a rarity following breast cancer treatment - and post-mastectomy lymphangiosarcoma is now vanishingly rare. When it o ==Treatment==

...tic disorder which is treated the same way as lymphedema (see [[#Treatment|Treatment]] below). ...ilateral hereditary lymphedema which had been present for 25 years without treatment:

...nts who would otherwise be considered too weak to withstand a conventional treatment regimen. ...ng non-myeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation as a possible treatment for type I (insulin dependent) diabetes in children and adults. Results hav

...hat GALT may continue to be a major site of [[HIV]] activity, even if drug treatment has reduced HIV count in the peripheral blood.<ref>Moraima Guadalupe,1 Suma

...T, Lawrence EC, Csete M. Portopulmonary hypertension: imatinib as a novel treatment and the Emory experience with this condition. Transplant Proc. 2009 Jun;41( ...T, Lawrence EC, Csete M. Portopulmonary hypertension: imatinib as a novel treatment and the Emory experience with this condition. Transplant Proc. 2009 Jun;41(

In December 2004 the [[Food and Drug Administration]] approved ziconotide [[route of administration|when deliver ...ation. It was approved for sale under the name Prialt by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration on December 28, 2004, and by the [[European Commission]] on

...adily lived up to its claims of relieving pain, as a sedative, and for the treatment of diarrhea. Though the drug was effective in many ways, its high [[opiate]] content also made it very a

...ug causes drowsiness as a side-effect, and this may be used as part of the treatment, since anxiety-depressive patients may have difficulty sleeping; it can als These side effects cease when treatment ceases. Alcohol should be avoided whilst taking dosulepin as it may increas

'''Metamizole sodium''' is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ([[NSAID]]), commonly used in many countries as a powerful [[analgesic]] an ...cription, while others have maintained its availability [[Over-the-counter drug|over the counter]].

...term [[insomnia]], although there are probably better drug choices for the treatment of insomnia.<ref>{{cite journal | author = Hindmarch I | coauthors = Parrot {{nervous-system-drug-stub}}

...icylate''' is a common [[analgesic]] and [[non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug]] (NSAID) used to treat mild to moderate muscular [[pain]]. It is also use It is found in a variety of [[Over-the-counter drug|over-the-counter]] (OTC) medications as an [[anti-inflammatory]], primarily

...is used as an [[anti-inflammatory]] and [[antipyretic]] medication. In the treatment of childhood fever, it has been shown to be inferior to paracetamol and asp {{musculoskeletal-drug-stub}}

'''Tectin''' is the brand name of a [[pain killing drug]] currently in development by [[WEX Pharmaceuticals Inc.]] The drug comes from a toxin in the [[pufferfish]] called [[tetrodotoxin]], a very po

...coxib''' is a [[non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug]] (NSAID) used in the treatment of [[osteoarthritis]], [[rheumatoid arthritis]], and painful [[menstruation ...ressroom/news_feeds/fdaapprovals/fda_valdecoxib.html "Valdecoxib. U.S. FDA Drug Approval."] Last accessed June 8, 2007.</ref> and was available by prescrip

| legal_status = [[Over the counter drug|OTC]] <small>([[Switzerland|CH]])</small> ...Paracetamol plus metoclopramide ('Paramax') as an adjunct analgesic in the treatment of arthritis |journal=Curr Med Res Opin |volume=8 |issue=8 |pages=547–52

...pam''' ('''Acupan''') is a centrally-acting but non-opioid [[analgesic]] [[drug]] of the [[benzoxazocine]] [[chemical class]] which was developed in the ea ...and so is useful either as an alternative to opioids, or as an adjunctive treatment for use alongside opioid(s) or other analgesics.<ref name="Heel">{{cite jou

...e journal |author=Lambert DM, Fowler CJ |title=The endocannabinoid system: drug targets, lead compounds, and potential therapeutic applications |journal=J. ...pbell, VA. "Phytocannabinoids, CNS cells and development: A dead issue?" ''Drug and Alcohol Review''. 2010 Jan;29(1):91-98. PMID 20078688</ref> To the righ

...proval by the [[Food and Drug Administration (United States)|U.S. Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA)) to treat [[migraine]]s. The mechanism of action i * [http://www.migraines.org/treatment/profiori.htm Fiorinal] - migraines.org

...] (325&nbsp;mg), and [[caffeine]] (40&nbsp;mg). They are indicated for the treatment of [[tension headaches]] and [[muscle contraction headaches]]. Although no Fioricet is indicated for the treatment of complex and [[muscle contraction headaches]]. It is also commonly pres

...utweigh risk to fetus. Risk of [[teratogenicity]] greater if more than one drug used<ref name="BNF">[[British National Formulary|BNF]] (March 2003) '''45'' ...A]] [[Analogue (chemistry)|analogue]]. It was originally developed for the treatment of [[epilepsy]], and currently, gabapentin is widely used to relieve [[pain

...o known in the US as acetaminophen), the [[non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug]]s (NSAIDs) such as the [[salicylate]]s, and [[opioid]] drugs such as [[mor ...''et al.'' |title=Advances in neuropathic pain: diagnosis, mechanisms, and treatment recommendations |journal=Arch. Neurol. |volume=60 |issue=11 |pages=1524–3

'''Infiltration analgesia''' is deposition of an [[analgesic]] [[medication|drug]] close to the apex of a [[tooth]] so that it can diffuse to reach the nerv {{Treatment-stub}}

'''Local analgesia''' is the use of a [[medication|drug]] to produce temporary loss of all sensation in a limited portion of a body {{Treatment-stub}}

...erve trunk, cutting off sensory innervation to the region it supplies. The drug is normally injected at a site where the nerve is unprotected by bone. {{Treatment-stub}}

...ndra |title=External painkillers lead sales in analgesics market |journal=Drug Topics |date=10 December 2001 |url=http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/dru ...|coauthors=William R. Pfister and Su Il Yum |title=Transdermal and Topical Drug Delivery Systems |publisher=Informa Health Care |year=1997 |isbn=1574910418

...am, and in southern regions, thom. In addition to being used as a narcotic drug in its own right, it is often used as a substitute for opium when opium is ...smoked whenever the patient experienced withdrawal symptoms, over a 6 week treatment period. Patients reported a visualization effect taking place at night in t

'''Tylenol''' is a North American [[brand]] of [[drug]]s advertised for relieving [[analgesic|pain]], reducing [[fever]], and rel ...ite journal|author = Loder E|title = Fixed drug combinations for the acute treatment of migraine : place in therapy.|journal = CNS Drugs|volume = 19|issue = 9|p

...shida C |title=Gabapentin enacarbil (XP13512/GSK1838262) as an alternative treatment to dopaminergic agents for restless legs syndrome |journal=Expert Opinion o ...to be outweighed by its clinical utility as an anticonvulsant, whereas the treatment of restless legs syndrome was not seen to justify the same kind of risk.<re

| Marijuana Drug test (EMIT) = negative ...s a synthetic cannabinoid, which mimics the main ingredient of [[cannabis (drug)|cannabis]] (THC). Chemically, nabilone is similar to the active ingredient

| title = Cannabidiol, a ''Cannabis sativa'' constituent, as an antipsychotic drug ...yndrome Scale]]. While there was no statistical difference between the two treatment groups, cannabidiol induced significantly less side effects ([[extrapyramid

...he United Kingdom licensed Sativex as a prescription only medicine for the treatment of spasticity due to Multiple Sclerosis. This regulatory authorization repr </ref> . The product is approved in Canada as adjunctive treatment for the symptomatic relief of neuropathic pain in multiple sclerosis,<ref n

...] (the same receptors that mediate the psychoactive effects of [[cannabis (drug)|cannabis]]). Broadly speaking, the endocannabinoid system refers to: ...541 |doi=10.1172/JCI25509 |pmc=1253627}}</ref> indicate that the high-dose treatment of rats with the synthetic cannabinoid, [[HU-210]] over a period of a few w

...5-55. PMID 18178718</ref> and CB₂ agonists may be useful in the treatment of pain and inflammation.<ref>Ehrhart J, Obregon D, Mori T, Hou H, Sun N, B ...yl]-(1-naphthalenyl) methanone mesylate, a cannabinoid receptor agonist. ''Drug Metabolism and Disposition''. 2002 Oct;30(10):1077-86. PMID 12228183</ref>

...Therapeutics'' 1979; 25:227.</ref> and researched for potential use in the treatment of [[glaucoma]],<ref>{{Cite pmid|7015221}}</ref> but never commercialised.

...url = | pmid =11681856}}</ref> It is being studied as a potential medical treatment for mood and sleep disorders, and [[cannabinoid]]-regulated depression.<ref ...documented evidence of Oleamide being used specifically as a recreational drug. However, it was found in large quantities in the smoking blends "Smoke" an

...ng a [[dopamine]] release in the [[nucleus accumbens]]. The effects of the drug can be suppressed by the CB1 [[cannabinoid receptor]] antagonist [[rimonaba ...ttore L, ''et al.'' |title=Nicotinic alpha 7 receptors as a new target for treatment of cannabis abuse |journal=J. Neurosci. |volume=27 |issue=21 |pages=5615–

Among the variety of ways [[Cannabis (drug)|cannabis]] is consumed, most are some form of heating or ignition combined ...a stiff drag can reach 700° C, destroying cannabinoids and causing dopy "drug effects" blamed on the cannabis.]]

{{About|the plant genus|use as a psychoactive drug in the genus|Cannabis (drug)}} ...ychoactive]] molecule that produces the "high" associated with [[cannabis (drug)|marijuana]]. The psychoactive product consists of dried flowers and leaves

...is syndrome''' is a disorder associated with long-term chronic [[cannabis (drug)|cannabis]] use that is characterized by recurrent [[nausea]], [[vomiting]] ...the most widely cultivated, trafficked and used illicit drug. Half of all drug seizures worldwide are cannabis seizures.<ref name="World" /> The geographi

...am]] for people with common desire to maintain abstinence from [[Cannabis (drug)|marijuana]].<ref name="washtimes">{{cite news|url=|title= Addicted to weed ...ef cognitive-behavioural intervention for cannabis dependence: Therapists' treatment manual|author=Vaughan Rees, Jan Copeland and Wendy Swift|publisher=Universi

...stic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders]] (DSM-IV). Nevertheless, treatment options have been made available for the rehabilitation of individuals expe ...(2009). Altered affective response in marijuana smokers: an fmri study. ''Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 105,'' 139-153.</ref> have been shown in marijuana

...e of Health and Welfare.</ref><ref>Copeland, J (2004). Developments in the treatment of cannabis use disorder. ''Current Opinion in Psychiatry'' 17, 2114-2121</ A US study in the Journal of Drug and Alcohol Dependence<ref>Marijuana withdrawal rivals nicotine, ''The Aust

...from the hemp plant Cannabis sativa...is the most commonly abused illicit drug in the United States"[http://www.drugabuse.gov/Infofacts/marijuana.html] -- ...ailable in the United Kingdom (UK) | author = Matthew J. Atha (Independent Drug Monitoring Unit)}}</ref>

...l of the Addictions in 1998. It had it implications for the development of treatment and prevention programs for chamba users in Malawi<ref>http://www.informawo ...has made it hard to control. In the lake areas, many tourists purchase the drug and smoke it in the privacy of their hotel rooms or homes.

===Drug Addiction=== ...rder to map out the progression of protein changes along the course of the drug addiction. These stages include enticement, ingesting, withdrawal, addicti

...-Hebert C, Simonpoli AM | year =1997 | month=March | title =[Management of drug addict pregnant women and their children] | journal =Arch Pediatr | volume ...ase anxiety and depression levels in some individuals. In most cases these drug induced psychiatric disorders fade away with prolonged abstinence.<ref>{{ci

...tic treatment of Parkinson's disease |journal=CNS & Neurological Disorders Drug Targets |volume=7 |issue=6 |pages=512–23 |year=2008 |month=December |pmid

...alietta LJ | title = Chloride channels as drug targets | journal = Nat Rev Drug Discov | volume = 8 | issue = 2 | pages = 153–71 | year = 2009 | month = ...-gated membrane pores, as embodied in the celebrated Hodgkin-Huxley (1952) treatment (Cole 1972, Jack er a1 1975), as the crucial mechanism of neurotransmission

...ational Cancer Institute, Drug Dictionary]</ref> is an opioid [[medication|drug]] effective against [[diarrhea]] resulting from [[gastroenteritis]] or [[in ...by [[cholera]], [[Shigella]] or [[Campylobacter]].<ref name="Butler2008"/> Treatment is not recommended for patients that could suffer detrimental effects from

...e]]an countries as a [[transdermal patch|transdermal formulation]] for the treatment of [[chronic pain]]. ...Benckiser]] have been [[approved drug|approved]] for [[opioid]] addiction treatment throughout most of the world, instead of [[Methadone]]. '''Subutex''' (whit

..., according to the current version of ''The A-Z Encyclopaedia of Alcohol & Drug Abuse'' and other references. ...as ranging from the emergency department to the operating suite to ongoing treatment of chronic pain syndromes.

| excretion = 60% Urinary (metabolites, <10% unchanged drug)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.springerlink.com/content/rr47429177364046/ | ...nssen developed fentanyl by assaying analogues of the structurally-related drug pethidine for opioid activity.<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1021/jm040195b|url

...], used medically as an [[analgesic]], [[antitussive]] and a maintenance [[drug addiction#Anti-addictive drugs|anti-addictive]] for use in patients on opio Methadone is useful in the treatment of opioid dependence. It has [[cross-tolerance]] with other opioids includi

...and [[dextromethorphan]]. Although the primary psychoactive effects of the drug lasts for a few hours, the total elimination rate from the body typically e ...ce WA |title=Comparison of chlorpromazine, haloperidol and pimozide in the treatment of phencyclidine psychosis: DA-2 receptor specificity |journal=Journal of T

...a [[Psychoactive drug|psychoactive]] plant which can induce [[dissociative drug|dissociative]] effects. Its native habitat is within [[cloud forest]] in th ...ve called for its prohibition. While not currently regulated by US federal drug laws, several states have passed laws criminalizing the substance.<ref name

| '''[[Recreational drug use|Non-medical]] use/abuse:''' | '''[[Adverse drug reaction|Side effects]]:'''

...p]], [[Vicks]], [[Coricidin]], [[Delsym]], and others, including [[generic drug|generic]] labels. Dextromethorphan has also found other uses in medicine, r ...ug Administration]] (FDA) approved dextromethorphan for [[Over-the-counter drug|over-the-counter]] sale as a cough suppressant in 1958. This filled the nee

'''Warburg's Tincture''' was a [[pharmaceutical]] drug, now obsolete. It was invented in 1834 by Dr [[Carl Warburg]]. ...chives of joint stock companies, National Archives, Kew.</ref> By 1888 the drug was available in tablet form.<ref name="ReferenceA">''The British Medical J

...other brand names around the world) is a [[non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug]] (NSAID) in the family of [[Heterocyclic compound|heterocyclic]] [[acetic ...ally related to [[Indometacin|indomethacin]].<ref>Martindale, The Complete Drug Reference,35th Edition, 2007</ref>.

...zone is used as a [[non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug]] (NSAID) for the treatment of [[chronic pain]], including the symptoms of [[arthritis]]. Its use is l ==Phenylbutazone for treatment in dogs==

| elimination_half-life = 1.2-2 hr (35% of the drug enters enterohepatic recirculation) ...elow: [[#Trade names|Trade names]]) is a [[non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug]] (NSAID) taken to reduce [[inflammation]] and as an [[analgesic]] reducing

'''Sulindac''' is a [[non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug]] of the arylalkanoic acid class that is marketed in the UK & U.S. by [[Mer Like other NSAIDs, it is useful in the treatment of [[Acute (medical)|acute]] or [[Chronic (medicine)|chronic]] [[inflammati

...phenylalkanoic acid derivative family of [[non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug]]s (NSAIDs) used to treat the inflammation and pain of [[arthritis]]. <ref> ...flurbil]] [(''R'')-flurbiprofen)], is currently in clinical trials for the treatment of [[metastatic]] [[prostate]] [[cancer]].

...elated to [[piroxicam]], and falls in the [[nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug|enolic acid]] group of NSAIDs.<ref name = drugs.com>{{cite web {{Main|Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug}}

Etodolac is licensed for the [[Therapy|treatment]] of [[inflammation]] and pain caused by [[osteoarthritis]] and [[rheumatoi Etodolac may cause [[adverse effect|side effects]], or [[adverse drug reaction]]s. Tell your doctor if any of these [[symptom]]s are severe or d

...ulated by the [[Food and Drug Administration (United States)|U.S. Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA), and may only be lawfully distributed by order of a The full analgesic and antipyretic effects usually occur 1-2 hours following treatment, but there is often an effective analgesic effect within approximately 15 m

'''Mefenamic acid''' is a [[NSAID|non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug]] used to treat pain, including [[menstruation|menstrual]] pain. It is typ ...ation of [[menstruation]].<ref>Pringsheim T, Davenport WJ, Dodick D. Acute treatment and prevention of menstrually related migraine headache: evidence-based rev

...of the [[propionic acid]] class of [[NSAID|non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug]] (NSAID) with [[analgesic]] and [[antipyretic]] effects.<ref>{{cite journ Ketoprofen was available [[over-the-counter drug|over-the-counter]] in the United States in the form of 12.5 [[milligram|mg]

...JM |title=Licofelone--clinical update on a novel LOX/COX inhibitor for the treatment of osteoarthritis |journal=Rheumatology (Oxford, England) |volume=43 Suppl ...drugs]], which only inhibit COX (cyclooxygenase). Licofelone is the first drug to inhibit both. It has passed the phase III trials.<ref>http://www.drugdev

'''Advil''' is a brand of [[ibuprofen]], a [[non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug]] (NSAID). Advil is manufactured by [[Pfizer]] and has been on the market s Ibuprofen was initially introduced as a [[prescription drug|prescription]] NSAID used for such conditions as [[rheumatoid arthritis]],

...n as '''NO-NSAIDs''', are a new class of [[non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug]] (NSAID) developed with the intention of providing greater safety than exi ...a NO-donating group. Other CINODs are also being tested by NicOx for the treatment of diseases in which inflammation plays a role.<ref>[http://www.nicox.com/u

...this drug class. COX-2 selectivity does not seem to reduce other [[adverse drug reaction|adverse effects]] of NSAIDs (most notably an increased risk of [[r ...his discovery. A lawsuit is currently in progress by Simmons against the drug developers. [http://www.the-scientist.com/news/display/25408/]

...tle=Mononuclear and binuclear copper(II) complexes of the antiinflammatory drug ibuprofen: synthesis, characterization, and catecholase-mimetic activity |j ...thor=Sorenson JR |title=Copper complexes offer a physiological approach to treatment of chronic diseases |journal=Prog Med Chem |volume=26 |issue= |pages=437–

...ble in the [[UK]], as ''dexketoprofen trometamol'', as a prescription-only drug. Short-term treatment of mild to moderate [[pain]], including [[dysmenorrhoea]].

...steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines''' ('''NSAIMs''') - are [[Medication|drug]]s with [[analgesic]] and [[antipyretic]] (fever-reducing) effects and whic * [[Celecoxib]] (FDA alert<ref><nowiki>http://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/infopage/celebrex/celebrex-hcp.htm</nowiki>{{Dead link|date=May 2009}} FDA

...insomnia, anxiety, nausea/vomiting), but generally never as a maintenance drug. {{treatment-stub}}

==Drug class== ...nesthesia is induced for about 5–10 minutes even though the half-life of drug metabolism is approximately 75 minutes. This is because etomidate is redis

...below, under the brand name '''Seconal''') is a [[barbiturate]] derivative drug that was first synthesized in 1928. It possesses [[anaesthetic]], [[anticon *Treatment of [[epilepsy]]

|title=Treatment of atopic dermatitis with the xenon chloride excimer laser |isbn=9780780382657}}</ref> The anticancer drug [[Fluorouracil|5-fluorouracil]] can be produced by reacting xenon difluorid

| legal_status = [[Prescription drug|℞-only]] <small>(U.S.)</small> ...e]]. Propofol is approved for use in more than 50 countries, and [[generic drug|generic]] versions are available.

...same company is also investigating the drug for use as a [[fibromyalgia]] treatment.<ref>http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703649004575437340141238 ...y related to the [[ketone body]] [[beta-hydroxybutyrate]]. As a supplement/drug, it is used most commonly in the form of a salt.<ref>e.g., '''sodium gamma-

...rgical technique]]. However, despite all this progress, surgery remained a treatment of last resort. Largely because of the associated [[pain]], many patients w ...induce a state of [[unconsciousness]] and partial [[Neuromuscular-blocking drug|neuromuscular blockade]].<ref name=Chu2004/>

...nd became notorious internationally for their [[Taliban treatment of women|treatment of women]].<ref name="Maley">Dupree Hatch, Nancy. "Afghan Women under the T The continued support from tribal and other groups in Pakistan, the drug trade and the small number of NATO forces, combined with the long history o

...Stellenbosch followed, during which time Hatfill conducted research on the treatment of [[leukemia]] with [[thalidomide]] <ref>Cooper (2003), ''Op. cit.''</ref> ...ates National Research Council|National Research Council]] fellowship, new drug treatments for the [[Ebola virus]] and became a specialist in [[virology]]

...s of smallpox and anthrax. His "cocktail approach" -- mixing more than one drug with other ingredients—was touted at news conferences in 2002 and 2004 by ...n common with biodefense. These commercial projects were mostly focused on drug discovery and development for general medical purposes and his personal con

...He was the co-author of numerous [[anthrax]] studies, including one on a treatment for [[inhalation]]al anthrax published in the July 7, 2008 issue of the jou ...taken to [[Frederick Memorial Hospital]] and died on [[July 29]] from an [[Drug overdose|overdose]] of [[Tylenol]],<ref name="ap"/><ref>{{cite news |title=

...ittee on Europe, April 17, 2007, p. 12.</ref> He further acknowledged that treatment of prisoners may not have been "up to U.S. standards." However, he stated, ...acilities maintained by the United States overseas, and to account for the treatment and condition of each prisoner.<ref name="NyTimes051215">{{cite news | titl

...against anthrax, and some forms of the disease respond well to antibiotic treatment. ...lness progressing to the fulminant phase has a 97% mortality regardless of treatment.

.../ref> Raw milk contains [[pyridoxine|vitamin B₆]], but the heat treatment may cause as much as 20% of the vitamin to be lost.<ref>{{cite web|url=http ...roulette with your health," says John Sheehan, director of the [[Food and Drug Administration]]'s Division of Dairy and Egg Safety. "We see a number of ca

...brands in the United States are required to adhere to the U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) guidelines. [[Private label]] infant formulas have allowed the leading food and drug retailers to provide formula to customers that is labeled under the store b

...ims have had significant flaws, so the data are inadequate to guide autism treatment recommendations.<ref name=christison>{{cite journal |journal= J Dev Behav P ...he world have warned of the risks of raw-milk cheeses. The U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] states that soft raw-milk cheeses can cause "serious infec

...sed as an edible oil, but primarily in the manufacture of [[pharmaceutical drug]]s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bulkoil.com/scripts/oiltype_item.asp?p=74 ...[[West Africa]]. Used to make [[margarine]], [[soap]] and [[pharmaceutical drug|pharmaceuticals]], where is it being examined as a tablet lubricant. Largel

...ble as [[drying agent]]s, and are used in making [[paint]]s and other wood treatment products. [[Dammar oil]] (a mixture of linseed oil and [[dammar]] resin), f ...rketing, they coined the name "canola" (from "Canada Oil"). The [[Food and Drug Administration|FDA]] approved use of the canola name in January 1985,<ref>{

...ina |last4=Trofimov |title=Experimental and clinical rationale for complex treatment of mental disorders in clean-up workers of the Chernobyl nuclear plant acci ...=VP |first3=AM |first4=SG |first5=AA }}</ref> It is used as an antianxiety drug. Its anxiolytic effects can take several hours to manifest after dosing how