Ketazolam
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Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
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11-chloro- 8,12b-dihydro- 2,8-dimethyl- 12b-phenyl- 4H-[1,3]oxazino[3,2-d] [1,4]benzodiazepine- 4,7(6H)- dione[1] | |
Clinical data | |
Pregnancy category |
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Routes of administration | Oral |
Legal status | |
Legal status |
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Pharmacokinetic data | |
Bioavailability | ? |
Metabolism | Hepatic |
Biological half-life | 26-200 hours |
Excretion | Renal |
Identifiers | |
CAS Number | 27223-35-4 |
ATC code | N05BA10 (WHO) |
PubChem | CID 33746 |
DrugBank | ? |
Chemical data | |
Formula | C20H17ClN2O3 |
Molar mass | 368.8[[Script error: No such module "String".]] |
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Ketazolam (marketed under the brand names Anseren, Ansieten, Ansietil, Marcen, Sedatival, Sedotime, Solatran and Unakalm) is a drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative. It possesses anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant properties.
Contents
Therapeutic uses
It is used for the treatment of anxiety and has similar effectiveness compared to diazepam. Ketazolam also appears to produce a reduced level of side effects such as sedation compared with diazepam and the side effects when they occur tend to be milder.[2][3][4][5] Ketazolam is also an effective antispasmodic drug and is used for the treatment of spasticity.[6][7][8]
Availability
Ketazolam is not approved for sale in Australia, Canada, United Kingdom or the United States.[9] In South Africa, GlaxoSmithKline markets ketazolam under its Solatran brand name.[10]
Tolerance and physical dependence
Chronic use of ketazolam as with other benzodiazepines can lead to physical dependence and the appearance of the benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome upon cessation of use or decrease in dose. Tolerance to ketazolam's therapeutic effects occurs over a period of 15 days.[11]
Contraindications and special caution
Benzodiazepines require special precaution if used in the elderly, during pregnancy, in children, alcohol or drug-dependent individuals and individuals with comorbid psychiatric disorders.[12]
Pharmacokinetics
Ketazolam breaks down in the blood to diazepam which breaks down to demoxepam which breaks down to desmethyldiazepam.[13]
Warnings
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration warns that in Spain, ketazolam marketed as Marcen may sometimes be mistakenly confused with Narcan.[14]
Legal status
Ketazolam is a List II drugs of the Opium Law in the Netherlands. Ketazolam is a Schedule IV drug under the drugs misuse act in the US.[15]
See also
- Benzodiazepine
- List of benzodiazepines
- Benzodiazepine dependence
- Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome
- Long term effects of benzodiazepines
References
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- ↑ "Benzodiazepine Names". The Tranquilliser Recovery and Awareness Place. Retrieved 26 August 2008.
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- ↑ Drug Enforcement Administration (USA). "Drug Scheduling". United States Government. Retrieved 26 August 2008.