Fencamfamine

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Fencamfamine
Systematic (IUPAC) name
File:Fencamfamine.png
N-ethyl-3-phenyl-norbornan-2-amine
Clinical data
Pregnancy category	?
Routes of administration	Oral
Legal status
Legal status	Schedule IV (USA)
Pharmacokinetic data
Biological half-life	16 hours^[1]

Identifiers
CAS Number	2240-14-4
ATC code	N06BA06 (WHO)
PubChem	CID 14584
DrugBank	DB01463
ChemSpider	13922
Chemical data
Formula	C₁₅H₂₁N
Molar mass	215.33 g/mol[[Script error: No such module "String".]]
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Fencamfamine (Glucoenergan, Reactivan) is a stimulant which was developed in the 1960s as an appetite suppressant, but was later withdrawn for this application due to problems with dependence and abuse. It is around half the potency of dextroamphetamine, and is prescribed at a dose of 10-60mg, although abusers of the drug tend to rapidly develop tolerance and escalate their dose. Reactivan is still used, though rarely, for treating depressive day-time fatigue, lack of concentration and lethargy, particularly in individuals who have chronic medical conditions, as its favourable safety profile makes it the most suitable drug in some cases.^[2]

Fencamfamine acts as an indirect dopamine agonist. It releases dopamine by a similar mechanism to amphetamines, but is ten times less potent than dexamphetamine at producing this effect. The main mechanism of action is instead inhibition of dopamine reuptake, more similar to that of methylphenidate. Also unlike amphetamines, fencamfamine does not inhibit the action of monoamine oxidase enzymes and so is somewhat safer.^[3] Some experiments also suggest a role for opioid receptors in the activity of fencamfamine, as low doses can cause paradoxical sedation, and some effects of the drug are blocked by naloxone.^[4]

References

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v t e Stimulants
Adamantanes	Adaphenoxate • Adapromine • Amantadine • Bromantane • Chlodantane • Gludantane • Memantine • Midantane
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Phenethylamines	1-(4-Methylphenyl)-2-aminobutane • 2-Fluoroamphetamine • 2-Fluoromethamphetamine • 2-OH-PEA • 2-Phenyl-3-aminobutane • 2-Phenyl-3-methylaminobutane • 2,3-MDA • 3-Fluoroamphetamine • 3-Fluoroethamphetamine • 3-Fluoromethcathinone • 3-Methoxyamphetamine • 3-Methylamphetamine • 4-BMC • 4-Ethylamphetamine • 4-FA • 4-FMA • 4-MA • 4-MMA • 4-MTA • 6-FNE • Alfetamine • α-Ethylphenethylamine • Amfecloral • Amfepentorex • Amfepramone • Amidephrine • Amphetamine (Dextroamphetamine, Levoamphetamine) • Amphetaminil • Arbutamine • Atomoxetine (Tomoxetine) • β-Methylphenethylamine • β-Phenylmethamphetamine • Benfluorex • Benzphetamine • BDB (J) • BOH (Hydroxy-J) • BPAP • Buphedrone • Bupropion (Amfebutamone) • Butylone • Cathine • Cathinone • Chlorphentermine • Clenbuterol • Clobenzorex • Cloforex • Clortermine • D-Deprenyl • Denopamine • Dimethoxyamphetamine • Dimethylamphetamine • Dimethylcathinone (Dimethylpropion, Metamfepramone) • Dobutamine • DOPA (Dextrodopa, Levodopa) • Dopamine • Dopexamine • Droxidopa • EBDB (Ethyl-J) • Ephedrine • Epinephrine (Adrenaline) • Epinine (Deoxyepinephrine) • Etafedrine • Ethcathinone (Ethylpropion) • Ethylamphetamine (Etilamfetamine) • Ethylnorepinephrine (Butanefrine) • Ethylone • Etilefrine • Famprofazone • Fenbutrazate • Fencamine • Fencamfamine • Fenethylline • Fenfluramine (Dexfenfluramine) • Fenmetramide • Fenproporex • Flephedrone • Fludorex • Furfenorex • Gepefrine • HMMA • Hordenine • Ibopamine • IMP • Indanylamphetamine • Isoetarine • Isoprenaline (Isoproterenol) • L-Deprenyl (Selegiline) • Lefetamine • Lisdexamfetamine • Lophophine (Homomyristicylamine) • Manifaxine • MBDB (Methyl-J; "Eden") • MDA (Tenamfetamine) • MDBU • MDEA ("Eve") • MDMA ("Ecstasy", "Adam") • MDMPEA (Homarylamine) • MDOH • MDPR • MDPEA (Homopiperonylamine) • Mefenorex • Mephedrone • Mephentermine • Metanephrine • Metaraminol • Methamphetamine (Desoxyephedrine, Methedrine; Dextromethamphetamine, Levomethamphetamine) • Methoxamine • Methoxyphenamine • MMA • Methcathinone (Methylpropion) • Methedrone • Methoxyphenamine • Methylone • MMDA • MMDMA • MMMA • Morazone • Naphthylamphetamine • Nisoxetine • Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline) • Norfenefrine • Norfenfluramine • Normetanephrine • Octopamine • Orciprenaline • Ortetamine • Oxilofrine • Paredrine (Norpholedrine, Oxamphetamine, Mycadrine) • PBA • PCA • PHA • Pargyline • Pentorex (Phenpentermine) • Pentylone • Phendimetrazine • Phenmetrazine • Phenpromethamine • Phentermine • Phenylalanine • Phenylephrine (Neosynephrine) • Phenylpropanolamine • Pholedrine • PIA • PMA • PMEA • PMMA • PPAP • Prenylamine • Propylamphetamine • Pseudoephedrine • Radafaxine • Ropinirole • Salbutamol (Albuterol; Levosalbutamol) • Sibutramine • Synephrine (Oxedrine) • Theodrenaline • Tiflorex (Flutiorex) • Tranylcypromine • Tyramine • Tyrosine • Xamoterol • Xylopropamine • Zylofuramine
Piperazines	2C-B-BZP • BZP • CM156 • DBL-583 • GBR-12783 • GBR-12935 • GBR-13069 • GBR-13098 • GBR-13119 • MeOPP • MBZP • Vanoxerine
Piperidines	1-Benzyl-4-(2-(diphenylmethoxy)ethyl)piperidine • 2-Benzylpiperidine • 3,4-Dichloromethylphenidate • 4-Benzylpiperidine • 4-Methylmethylphenidate • Desoxypipradrol • Difemetorex • Diphenylpyraline • Ethylphenidate • Methylnaphthidate • Methylphenidate (Dexmethylphenidate) • Nocaine • Phacetoperane • Pipradrol • SCH-5472
Pyrrolidines	α-PPP • α-PBP • α-PVP • MDPPP • MDPBP • MDPV • MPBP • MPHP • MPPP • MOPPP • Naphyrone • PEP • Prolintane • Pyrovalerone
Tropanes	3-CPMT • 3-Pseudotropyl-4-fluorobenzoate • 4'-Fluorococaine • AHN-1055 • Altropane (IACFT) • Brasofensine • CFT (WIN 35,428) • β-CIT (RTI-55) • Cocaethylene • Cocaine • Dichloropane (RTI-111) • Difluoropine • FE-β-CPPIT • FP-β-CPPIT • Ioflupane (¹²³I) • Norcocaine • PIT • PTT • RTI-31 • RTI-32 • RTI-51 • RTI-105 • RTI-112 • RTI-113 • RTI-117 • RTI-121 (IPCIT) • RTI-126 • RTI-150 • RTI-154 • RTI-171 • RTI-177 • RTI-183 • RTI-194 • RTI-202 • RTI-229 • RTI-241 • RTI-336 • RTI-354 • RTI-371 • RTI-386 • Salicylmethylecgonine • Tesofensine • Troparil (β-CPT, WIN 35,065-2) • Tropoxane • WF-23 • WF-33 • WF-60
Xanthines	Aminophylline • Caffeine • Dimethazan • Paraxanthine • Theobromine • Theophylline
Others	1-(Thiophen-2-yl)-2-aminopropane • 2-Amino-1,2-dihydronaphthalene • 2-Aminoindane • 2-Aminotetralin • 2-Diphenylmethylpyrrolidine • 2-MDP • 3,3-Diphenylcyclobutanamine • 5-(2-Aminopropyl)indole • 5-Iodo-2-aminoindane • AL-1095 • Amfonelic acid • Amineptine • Amiphenazole • Atipamezole • Bemegride • Benzydamine • BTQ • BTS 74,398 • Carphedon • Ciclazindol • Cilobamine • Clofenciclan • Cropropamide • Crotetamide • Diclofensine • Dimethocaine • Diphenylprolinol • Efaroxan • Etamivan • EXP-561 • Fenpentadiol • Feprosidnine • Gamfexine • Gilutensin • GYKI-52895 • Hexacyclonate • Idazoxan • Indanorex • Indatraline • JNJ-7925476 • JZ-IV-10 • Lazabemide • Leptacline • Levopropylhexedrine • LR-5182 • Mazindol • Meclofenoxate • Medifoxamine • Mefexamide • Mesocarb • Nefopam • Nikethamide • Nomifensine • O-2172 • Oxaprotiline • Phthalimidopropiophenone • PNU-99,194 • Propylhexedrine • PRC200-SS • Rasagiline • Rauwolscine • Rubidium chloride • Setazindol • Tametraline • Tandamine • Trazium • UH-232 • Yohimbine
See also Sympathomimetic amines

Antiobesity agents/Anorectics (A08)

Central

Stimulants	4-Methylamphetamine • Amfecloral • Amfepentorex • Amfepramone • Aminorex • Amphetamine • Amphetaminil • Atomoxetine • Benfluorex • Benzphetamine • Bupropion • Cathine • Cathinone • Chlorphentermine • Ciclazindol • Clobenzorex • Cloforex • Clominorex • Clortermine • Dexfenfluramine • Dextroamphetamine • Dextromethamphetamine • Dexmethylphenidate • Difemetorex • Dimethylcathinone • Diphemethoxidine • Ephedrine • Ephedra • Ethylamphetamine • Etolorex • Fenbutrazate • Fencamfamine • Fenethylline • Fenfluramine • Fenproporex • Fludorex • Fluminorex • Furfenorex • Indanorex • Khat • Levopropylhexedrine • Lisdexamfetamine • Manifaxine • Mazindol • Mefenorex • Methamphetamine • Methylphenidate • Pemoline • Pentorex (Phenpentermine) • Phendimetrazine • Phenethylamine • Phenmetrazine • Phentermine • Phenylpropanolamine • Pipradrol • Prolintane • Propylhexedrine • Pseudoephedrine • Pyrovalerone • Radafaxine • Reboxetine • Setazindol • Sibutramine • Synephrine • Tesofensine • Viloxazine • Xylopropamine • Zylofuramine
Cannabinoids	Ibipinabant • Otenabant • Rimonabant • Surinabant • Taranabant
Others	5-HTP • Galactomannan (Guar Gum) • Glucomannan • L-DOPA • L-Phenylalanine • L-Tryptophan • L-Tyrosine • Lorcaserin • Lu AA-33810 • Metformin • Naltrexone • Naloxone • Oxyntomodulin • P57 • Peptide YY • Topiramate • Yohimbine (Yohimbe) • Zonisamide

Peripheral

Cetilistat • Dinitrophenol • Oleoyl-Estrone • Orlistat • Simmondsin • Sterculia

M: NUT

cof, enz

noco, nuvi, sysi/epon

drug(A8/11/12)

Analgesics (N02A, N02B)

Opioids
See also: Opioids template

Opium & alkaloids thereof	Codeine · Morphine · Opium · Laudanum · Paregoric
Semi-synthetic opium derivatives	Acetyldihydrocodeine · Benzylmorphine · Buprenorphine · Desomorphine · Dihydrocodeine · Dihydromorphine · Ethylmorphine · Diamorphine · Hydrocodone · Hydromorphinol · Hydromorphone · Nicocodeine · Nicodicodeine · Nicomorphine · Oxycodone · Oxymorphone
Synthetic opioids	Alphaprodine · Anileridine · Butorphanol · Dextromoramide · Dextropropoxyphene · Dezocine · Fentanyl · Ketobemidone · Levorphanol · Methadone · Meptazinol · Nalbuphine · Pentazocine · Propoxyphene · Propiram · Pethidine · Phenazocine · Piminodine · Piritramide · Tapentadol · Tilidine · Tramadol

Pyrazolones

Ampyrone/Aminophenazone · Metamizole · Phenazone · Propyphenazone

Cannabinoids

Ajulemic acid · AM404 · Cannabidiol · Cannabis · Nabilone · Nabiximols · Tetrahydrocannabinol

Anilides

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) · Phenacetin · Propacetamol

Non-steroidal
anti-inflammatories
See also: NSAIDs template

Propionic acid class	Fenoprofen · Flurbiprofen · Ibuprofen · Ketoprofen · Naproxen · Oxaprozin
Oxicam class	Meloxicam · Piroxicam
Acetic acid class	Diclofenac · Indometacin · Ketorolac · Nabumetone · Sulindac · Tolmetin
COX-2 inhibitors	Celecoxib · Rofecoxib · Valdecoxib · Parecoxib · Lumiracoxib
Anthranilic acid (fenamate) class	Meclofenamate · Mefenamic acid
Salicylates	Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic acid) · Benorylate · Diflunisal · Ethenzamide · Magnesium salicylate · Salicin · Salicylamide · Salsalate · Trisalate · Wintergreen (Methyl salicylate)

Atypical, Adjuvant & Potentiators,
Metabolic agents and miscellaneous

Amitryptiline · Befiradol · Bicifadine · Carisoprodol · Camphor · Cimetidine · Clonidine · Chlorzoxazone · Cyclobenzaprine · Duloxetine · Esreboxetine · Flupirtine · Gabapentin · Glafenine · Hydroxyzine · Ketamine · Menthol · Mephenoxalone · Methocarbamol · Nefopam · Orphenadrine · Pregabalin · Proglumide · Scopolamine · Tebanicline · Trazodone · XP-13512 (Gabapentin enacarbil) · Ziconotide

M: CNS

anat(s,m,p,4,e,b,d,c,a,f,l,g)/phys/devp/cell

noco(m,d,e,h,v,s)/cong/tumr,sysi/epon,injr

proc,drug(N1A/2AB/C/3/4/7A/B/C/D)

Adrenergics

Receptor ligands

α₁	Agonists: 5-FNE • 6-FNE • Amidephrine • Anisodamine • Anisodine • Cirazoline • Dipivefrine • Dopamine • Ephedrine • Epinephrine (Adrenaline) • Etilefrine • Ethylnorepinephrine • Indanidine • Levonordefrin • Metaraminol • Methoxamine • Methyldopa • Midodrine • Naphazoline • Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline) • Octopamine • Oxymetazoline • Phenylephrine • Phenylpropanolamine • Pseudoephedrine • Synephrine • Tetrahydrozoline Antagonists: Abanoquil • Adimolol • Ajmalicine • Alfuzosin • Amosulalol • Arotinolol • Atiprosin • Benoxathian • Buflomedil • Bunazosin • Carvedilol • CI-926 • Corynanthine • Dapiprazole • DL-017 • Domesticine • Doxazosin • Eugenodilol • Fenspiride • GYKI-12,743 • GYKI-16,084 • Indoramin • Ketanserin • L-765,314 • Labetalol • Mephendioxan • Metazosin • Monatepil • Moxisylyte (Thymoxamine) • Naftopidil • Nantenine • Neldazosin • Nicergoline • Niguldipine • Pelanserin • Phendioxan • Phenoxybenzamine • Phentolamine • Piperoxan • Prazosin • Quinazosin • Ritanserin • RS-97,078 • SGB-1,534 • Silodosin • SL-89.0591 • Spiperone • Talipexole • Tamsulosin • Terazosin • Tibalosin • Tiodazosin • Tipentosin • Tolazoline • Trimazosin • Upidosin • Urapidil • Zolertine * Note that many TCAs, TeCAs, antipsychotics, ergolines, and some piperazines like buspirone, trazodone, nefazodone, etoperidone, and mepiprazole all antagonize α₁-adrenergic receptors as well, which contributes to their side effects such as orthostatic hypotension.
α₂	Agonists: (R)-3-Nitrobiphenyline • 4-NEMD • 6-FNE • Amitraz • Apraclonidine • Brimonidine • Clonidine • Detomidine • Dexmedetomidine • Dihydroergotamine • Dipivefrine • Dopamine • Ephedrine • Ergotamine • Epinephrine (Adrenaline) • Esproquin • Etilefrine • Ethylnorepinephrine • Guanabenz • Guanfacine • Guanoxabenz • Levonordefrin • Lofexidine • Medetomidine • Methyldopa • Mivazerol • Naphazoline • Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline) • Phenylpropanolamine • Piperoxan • Pseudoephedrine • Rilmenidine • Romifidine • Talipexole • Tetrahydrozoline • Tizanidine • Tolonidine • Urapidil • Xylazine • Xylometazoline Antagonists: 1-PP • Adimolol • Aptazapine • Atipamezole • BRL-44408 • Buflomedil • Cirazoline • Efaroxan • Esmirtazapine • Fenmetozole • Fluparoxan • GYKI-12,743 • GYKI-16,084 • Idazoxan • Mianserin • Mirtazapine • MK-912 • NAN-190 • Olanzapine • Phentolamine • Phenoxybenzamine • Piperoxan • Piribedil • Rauwolscine • Rotigotine • SB-269,970 • Setiptiline • Spiroxatrine • Sunepitron • Tolazoline • Yohimbine * Note that many atypical antipsychotics and azapirones like buspirone and gepirone (via metabolite 1-PP) antagonize α₂-adrenergic receptors as well.
β	Agonists: 2-FNE • 5-FNE • Amibegron • Arbutamine • Arformoterol • Arotinolol • BAAM • Bambuterol • Befunolol • Bitolterol • Broxaterol • Buphenine • Carbuterol • Cimaterol • Clenbuterol • Denopamine • Deterenol • Dipivefrine • Dobutamine • Dopamine • Dopexamine • Ephedrine • Epinephrine (Adrenaline) • Etafedrine • Etilefrine • Ethylnorepinephrine • Fenoterol • Formoterol • Hexoprenaline • Higenamine • Indacaterol • Isoetarine • Isoprenaline (Isoproterenol) • Isoxsuprine • Labetalol • Levonordefrin • Levosalbutamol • Mabuterol • Methoxyphenamine • Methyldopa • N-Isopropyloctopamine • Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline) • Orciprenaline • Oxyfedrine • Phenylpropanolamine • Pirbuterol • Prenalterol • Ractopamine • Procaterol • Pseudoephedrine • Reproterol • Rimiterol • Ritodrine • Salbutamol (Albuterol) • Salmeterol • Solabegron • Terbutaline • Tretoquinol • Tulobuterol • Xamoterol • Zilpaterol • Zinterol Antagonists: Acebutolol • Adaprolol • Adimolol • Afurolol • Alprenolol • Alprenoxime • Amosulalol • Ancarolol • Arnolol • Arotinolol • Atenolol • Befunolol • Betaxolol • Bevantolol • Bisoprolol • Bopindolol • Bormetolol • Bornaprolol • Brefonalol • Bucindolol • Bucumolol • Bufetolol • Buftiralol • Bufuralol • Bunitrolol • Bunolol • Bupranolol • Burocrolol • Butaxamine • Butidrine • Butofilolol • Capsinolol • Carazolol • Carpindolol • Carteolol • Carvedilol • Celiprolol • Cetamolol • Cicloprolol • Cinamolol • Cloranolol • Cyanopindolol • Dalbraminol • Dexpropranolol • Diacetolol • Dichloroisoprenaline • Dihydroalprenolol • Dilevalol • Diprafenone • Draquinolol • Dropranolol • Ecastolol • Epanolol • Ericolol • Ersentilide • Esatenolol • Esmolol • Esprolol • Eugenodilol • Exaprolol • Falintolol • Flestolol • Flusoxolol • Hydroxycarteolol • Hydroxytertatolol • ICI-118,551 • Idropranolol • Indenolol • Indopanolol • Iodocyanopindolol • Iprocrolol • Isoxaprolol • Isamoltane • Labetalol • Landiolol • Levobetaxolol • Levobunolol • Levocicloprolol • Levomoprolol • Medroxalol • Mepindolol • Metalol • Metipranolol • Metoprolol • Moprolol • Nadolol • Nadoxolol • Nafetolol • Nebivolol • Neraminol • Nifenalol • Nipradilol • Oberadilol • Oxprenolol • Pacrinolol • Pafenolol • Pamatolol • Pargolol • Parodilol • Penbutolol • Penirolol • PhQA-33 • Pindolol • Pirepolol • Practolol • Primidolol • Procinolol • Pronethalol • Propafenone • Propranolol • Ridazolol • Ronactolol • Soquinolol • Sotalol • Spirendolol • SR 59230A • Sulfinalol • TA-2005 • Talinolol • Tazolol • Teoprolol • Tertatolol • Terthianolol • Tienoxolol • Tilisolol • Timolol • Tiprenolol • Tolamolol • Toliprolol • Tribendilol • Trigevolol • Xibenolol • Xipranolol

Reuptake inhibitors

NET

Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors: Amedalin • Atomoxetine (Tomoxetine) • Ciclazindol • Daledalin • Esreboxetine • Lortalamine • Mazindol • Nisoxetine • Reboxetine • Talopram • Talsupram • Tandamine • Viloxazine; Norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors: Amineptine • Bupropion (Amfebutamone) • Fencamine • Fencamfamine • Lefetamine • Levophacetoperane • LR-5182 • Manifaxine • Methylphenidate • Nomifensine • O-2172 • Radafaxine; Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors: Bicifadine • Desvenlafaxine • Duloxetine • Eclanamine • Levomilnacipran • Milnacipran • Sibutramine • Venlafaxine; Serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors: Brasofensine • Diclofensine • DOV-102,677 • DOV-21,947 • DOV-216,303 • JNJ-7925476 • JZ-IV-10 • Methylnaphthidate • Naphyrone • NS-2359 • PRC200-SS • SEP-225,289 • SEP-227,162 • Tesofensine; Tricyclic antidepressants: Amitriptyline • Butriptyline • Cianopramine • Clomipramine • Desipramine • Dosulepin • Doxepin • Imipramine • Lofepramine • Nortriptyline • Protriptyline • Trimipramine; Tetracyclic antidepressants: Amoxapine • Maprotiline • Mianserin • Oxaprotiline • Setiptiline; Others: Cocaine • CP-39,332 • EXP-561 • Fezolamine • Nefazodone • Nefopam • Pridefrine • Tapentadol • Tramadol • Ziprasidone

VMAT

Ibogaine • Reserpine • Tetrabenazine

Releasing agents

Morpholines: Fenbutrazate • Morazone • Phendimetrazine • Phenmetrazine; Oxazolines: 4-Methylaminorex • Aminorex • Clominorex • Cyclazodone • Fenozolone • Fluminorex • Pemoline • Thozalinone; Phenethylamines (also amphetamines, cathinones, phentermines, etc): 2-OH-PEA • 4-CAB • 4-FA • 4-FMA • 4-MA • 4-MMA • Alfetamine • Amfecloral • Amfepentorex • Amfepramone • Amphetamine (Dextroamphetamine, Levoamphetamine) • Amphetaminil • β-Me-PEA • BDB • Benzphetamine • BOH • Buphedrone • Butylone • Cathine • Cathinone • Clobenzorex • Clortermine • D-Deprenyl • Dimethylamphetamine • Dimethylcathinone (Dimethylpropion, metamfepramone) • DMA • DMMA • EBDB • Ephedrine • Ethcathinone • Ethylamphetamine • Ethylone • Famprofazone • Fenethylline • Fenproporex • Flephedrone • Fludorex • Furfenorex • Hordenine • IAP • IMP • L-Deprenyl (Selegiline) • Lisdexamfetamine • Lophophine • MBDB • MDA (Tenamfetamine) • MDEA • MDMA • MDMPEA • MDOH • MDPEA • Mefenorex • Mephedrone • Mephentermine • Methamphetamine (Dextromethamphetamine, Levomethamphetamine) • Methcathinone • Methedrone • Methylone • NAP • Ortetamine • Paredrine • pBA • pCA • Pentorex (Phenpentermine) • Phenethylamine • Pholedrine • Phenpromethamine • Phentermine • Phenylpropanolamine • pIA • Prenylamine • Propylamphetamine • Pseudoephedrine • Tiflorex • Tyramine • Xylopropamine • Zylofuramine; Piperazines: 2C-B-BZP • BZP • MBZP • mCPP • MDBZP • MeOPP • pFPP; Others: 2-Amino-1,2-dihydronaphthalene • 2-Aminoindane • 2-Aminotetralin • 2-Benzylpiperidine • 4-Benzylpiperidine • 5-IAI • Clofenciclan • Cyclopentamine • Cypenamine • Cyprodenate • Feprosidnine • Gilutensin • Heptaminol • Hexacyclonate • Indanorex • Isometheptene • Methylhexanamine • Octodrine • Phthalimidopropiophenone • Propylhexedrine (Levopropylhexedrine) • Tuaminoheptane

Enzyme inhibitors

Anabolism

PAH	3,4-Dihydroxystyrene
TH	3-Iodotyrosine • Aquayamycin • Bulbocapnine • Metirosine • Oudenone
AAAD	Benserazide • Carbidopa • Genistein • Methyldopa
DBH	Bupicomide • Disulfiram • Dopastin • Fusaric acid • Nepicastat • Phenopicolinic acid • Tropolone
PNMT	CGS-19281A • SKF-64139 • SKF-7698

Catabolism

MAO

Nonselective: Benmoxin • Caroxazone • Echinopsidine • Furazolidone • Hydralazine • Indantadol • Iproclozide • Iproniazid • Isocarboxazid • Isoniazid • Linezolid • Mebanazine • Metfendrazine • Nialamide • Octamoxin • Paraxazone • Phenelzine • Pheniprazine • Phenoxypropazine • Pivalylbenzhydrazine • Procarbazine • Safrazine • Tranylcypromine; MAO-A selective: Amiflamine • Bazinaprine • Befloxatone • Befol • Brofaromine • Cimoxatone • Clorgiline • Esuprone • Harmala alkaloids (Harmine, Harmaline, Tetrahydroharmine, Harman, Norharman, etc) • Methylene Blue • Metralindole • Minaprine • Moclobemide • Pirlindole • Sercloremine • Tetrindole • Toloxatone • Tyrima; MAO-B selective: D-Deprenyl • Selegiline (L-Deprenyl) • Ladostigil • Lazabemide • Milacemide • Mofegiline • Pargyline • Rasagiline
* Note that MAO-B inhibitors also influence norepinephrine/epinephrine levels since they inhibit the breakdown of their precursor dopamine.

COMT

Entacapone • Tolcapone

Others

Precursors	L-Phenylalanine → L-Tyrosine → L-DOPA (Levodopa) → Dopamine • L-DOPS (Droxidopa)
Cofactors	Ferrous Iron (Fe²⁺) • S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine • Vitamin B₃ (Niacin, Nicotinamide → NADPH) • Vitamin B₆ (Pyridoxine, Pyridoxamine, Pyridoxal → Pyridoxal Phosphate) • Vitamin B₉ (Folic acid → Tetrahydrofolic acid) • Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) • Zinc (Zn²⁺)
Others	Activity enhancers: BPAP • PPAP; Release blockers: Bethanidine • Bretylium • Guanadrel • Guanazodine • Guanclofine • Guanethidine • Guanoxan; Toxins: Oxidopamine (6-Hydroxydopamine)

Dopaminergics

Receptor ligands

Agonists

Adamantanes: Amantadine • Memantine • Rimantadine; Aminotetralins: 7-OH-DPAT • 8-OH-PBZI • Rotigotine • UH-232; Benzazepines: 6-Br-APB • Fenoldopam • SKF-38,393 • SKF-77,434 • SKF-81,297 • SKF-82,958 • SKF-83,959; Ergolines: Bromocriptine • Cabergoline • Dihydroergocryptine • Lisuride • LSD • Pergolide; Dihydrexidine derivatives: 2-OH-NPA • A-86,929 • Ciladopa • Dihydrexidine • Dinapsoline • Dinoxyline • Doxanthrine; Others: A-68,930 • A-77,636 • A-412,997 • ABT-670 • ABT-724 • Aplindore • Apomorphine • Aripiprazole • Bifeprunox • BP-897 • CY-208,243 • Dizocilpine • Etilevodopa • Flibanserin • Ketamine • Melevodopa • Modafinil • Pardoprunox • Phencyclidine • PD-128,907 • PD-168,077 • PF-219,061 • Piribedil • Pramipexole • Propylnorapomorphine • Pukateine • Quinagolide • Quinelorane • Quinpirole • RDS-127 • Ro10-5824 • Ropinirole • Rotigotine • Roxindole • Salvinorin A • SKF-89,145 • Sumanirole • Terguride • Umespirone • WAY-100,635

Antagonists

Typical antipsychotics: Acepromazine • Azaperone • Benperidol • Bromperidol • Clopenthixol • Chlorpromazine • Chlorprothixene • Droperidol • Flupentixol • Fluphenazine • Fluspirilene • Haloperidol • Loxapine • Mesoridazine • Methotrimeprazine • Nemonapride • Penfluridol • Perazine • Periciazine • Perphenazine • Pimozide • Prochlorperazine • Promazine • Sulforidazine • Sulpiride • Sultopride • Thioridazine • Thiothixene • Trifluoperazine • Triflupromazine • Trifluperidol • Zuclopenthixol; Atypical antipsychotics: Amisulpride • Asenapine • Blonanserin • Carpipramine • Clocapramine • Clozapine • Gevotroline • Iloperidone • Lurasidone • Melperone • Molindone • Mosapramine • Ocaperidone • Olanzapine • Paliperidone • Perospirone • Piquindone • Quetiapine • Remoxipride • Risperidone • Sertindole • Tiospirone • Ziprasidone • Zotepine; Antiemetics: AS-8112 • Alizapride • Bromopride • Clebopride • Domperidone • Metoclopramide • Thiethylperazine; Others: Amoxapine • Buspirone • Butaclamol • Ecopipam • EEDQ • Eticlopride • Fananserin • L-745,870 • Nafadotride • Nuciferine • PNU-99,194 • Raclopride • Sarizotan • SB-277,011-A • SCH-23,390 • SKF-83,566 • SKF-83,959 • Sonepiprazole • Spiperone • Spiroxatrine • Stepholidine • Tetrahydropalmatine • Tiapride • UH-232 • Yohimbine

Reuptake inhibitors

Plasmalemmal

DAT inhibitors

Piperazines: DBL-583 • GBR-12,935 • Nefazodone • Vanoxerine; Piperidines: BTCP • Desoxypipradrol • Dextromethylphenidate • Difemetorex • Ethylphenidate • Methylnaphthidate • Methylphenidate • Phencyclidine • Pipradrol; Pyrrolidines: Diphenylprolinol • Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) • Naphyrone • Prolintane • Pyrovalerone; Tropanes: β-CPPIT • Altropane • Brasofensine • CFT • Cocaine • Dichloropane • Difluoropine • FE-β-CPPIT • FP-β-CPPIT • Ioflupane (¹²³I) • Iometopane • RTI-112 • RTI-113 • RTI-121 • RTI-126 • RTI-150 • RTI-177 • RTI-229 • RTI-336 • Tenocyclidine • Tesofensine • Troparil • Tropoxane • WF-11 • WF-23 • WF-31 • WF-33; Others: Adrafinil • Armodafinil • Amfonelic acid • Amineptine • Benzatropine (Benztropine) • Bromantane • BTQ • BTS-74,398 • Bupropion (Amfebutamone) • Ciclazindol • Diclofensine • Dimethocaine • Diphenylpyraline • Dizocilpine • DOV-102,677 • DOV-21,947 • DOV-216,303 • Etybenzatropine (Ethylbenztropine) • EXP-561 • Fencamine • Fencamfamine • Fezolamine • GYKI-52,895 • Indatraline • Ketamine • Lefetamine • Levophacetoperane • LR-5182 • Manifaxine • Mazindol • Medifoxamine • Mesocarb • Modafinil • Nefopam • Nomifensine • NS-2359 • O-2172 • Pridefrine • Propylamphetamine • Radafaxine • SEP-225,289 • SEP-227,162 • Sibutramine • Tametraline • Tripelennamine

Vesicular

VMAT inhibitors	Deserpidine • Ibogaine • Reserpine • Tetrabenazine

Releasing agents

Morpholines: Fenbutrazate • Morazone • Phendimetrazine • Phenmetrazine; Oxazolines: 4-Methylaminorex (4-MAR, 4-MAX) • Aminorex • Clominorex • Cyclazodone • Fenozolone • Fluminorex • Pemoline • Thozalinone; Phenethylamines (also amphetamines, cathinones, phentermines, etc): 2-Hydroxyphenethylamine (2-OH-PEA) • 4-CAB • 4-Methylamphetamine (4-MA) • 4-Methylmethamphetamine (4-MMA) • Alfetamine • Amfecloral • Amfepentorex • Amfepramone • Amphetamine (Dextroamphetamine, Levoamphetamine) • Amphetaminil • β-Methylphenethylamine (β-Me-PEA) • Benzodioxolylbutanamine (BDB) • Benzodioxolylhydroxybutanamine (BOH) • Benzphetamine • Buphedrone • Butylone • Cathine • Cathinone • Clobenzorex • Clortermine • D-Deprenyl • Dimethoxyamphetamine (DMA) • Dimethoxymethamphetamine (DMMA) • Dimethylamphetamine • Dimethylcathinone (Dimethylpropion, metamfepramone) • Ethcathinone (Ethylpropion) • Ethylamphetamine • Ethylbenzodioxolylbutanamine (EBDB) • Ethylone • Famprofazone • Fenethylline • Fenproporex • Flephedrone • Fludorex • Furfenorex • Hordenine • Lophophine (Homomyristicylamine) • Mefenorex • Mephedrone • Methamphetamine (Desoxyephedrine, Methedrine; Dextromethamphetamine, Levomethamphetamine) • Methcathinone (Methylpropion) • Methedrone • Methoxymethylenedioxyamphetamine (MMDA) • Methoxymethylenedioxymethamphetamine (MMDMA) • Methylbenzodioxolylbutanamine (MBDB) • Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA, tenamfetamine) • Methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA) • Methylenedioxyhydroxyamphetamine (MDOH) • Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) • Methylenedioxymethylphenethylamine (MDMPEA, homarylamine) • Methylenedioxyphenethylamine (MDPEA, homopiperonylamine) • Methylone • Ortetamine • Parabromoamphetamine (PBA) • Parachloroamphetamine (PCA) • Parafluoroamphetamine (PFA) • Parafluoromethamphetamine (PFMA) • Parahydroxyamphetamine (PHA) • Paraiodoamphetamine (PIA) • Paredrine (Norpholedrine, Oxamphetamine) • Phenethylamine (PEA) • Pholedrine • Phenpromethamine • Prenylamine • Propylamphetamine • Tiflorex (Flutiorex) • Tyramine (TRA) • Xylopropamine • Zylofuramine; Piperazines: 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-bromobenzylpiperazine (2C-B-BZP) • Benzylpiperazine (BZP) • Methoxyphenylpiperazine (MeOPP, paraperazine) • Methylbenzylpiperazine (MBZP) • Methylenedioxybenzylpiperazine (MDBZP, piperonylpiperazine); Others: 2-Amino-1,2-dihydronaphthalene (2-ADN) • 2-Aminoindane (2-AI) • 2-Aminotetralin (2-AT) • 4-Benzylpiperidine (4-BP) • 5-IAI • Clofenciclan • Cyclopentamine • Cypenamine • Cyprodenate • Feprosidnine • Gilutensin • Heptaminol • Hexacyclonate • Indanylaminopropane (IAP) • Indanorex • Isometheptene • Methylhexanamine • Naphthylaminopropane (NAP) • Octodrine • Phthalimidopropiophenone • Propylhexedrine (Levopropylhexedrine) • Tuaminoheptane (Tuamine)

Enzyme inhibitors

Anabolism

PAH inhibitors	3,4-Dihydroxystyrene
TH inhibitors	3-Iodotyrosine • Aquayamycin • Bulbocapnine • Metirosine • Oudenone
AAAD / DDC inhibitors	Benserazide • Carbidopa • Genistein • Methyldopa

Catabolism

MAO inhibitors	Nonselective: Benmoxin • Caroxazone • Echinopsidine • Furazolidone • Hydralazine • Indantadol • Iproclozide • Iproniazid • Isocarboxazid • Isoniazid • Linezolid • Mebanazine • Metfendrazine • Nialamide • Octamoxin • Paraxazone • Phenelzine • Pheniprazine • Phenoxypropazine • Pivalylbenzhydrazine • Procarbazine • Safrazine • Tranylcypromine; MAO-A selective: Amiflamine • Bazinaprine • Befloxatone • Befol • Brofaromine • Cimoxatone • Clorgiline • Esuprone • Harmala alkaloids (Harmine, Harmaline, Tetrahydroharmine, Harman, Norharman, etc) • Methylene Blue • Metralindole • Minaprine • Moclobemide • Pirlindole • Sercloremine • Tetrindole • Toloxatone • Tyrima; MAO-B selective: D-Deprenyl • L-Deprenyl (Selegiline) • Ladostigil • Lazabemide • Milacemide • Mofegiline • Pargyline • Rasagiline
COMT inhibitors	Entacapone • Tolcapone
DBH inhibitors	Bupicomide • Disulfiram • Dopastin • Fusaric acid • Nepicastat • Phenopicolinic acid • Tropolone

Others

Precursors	L-Phenylalanine → L-Tyrosine → L-DOPA (Levodopa)
Cofactors	Ferrous Iron (Fe²⁺) • Tetrahydrobiopterin • Vitamin B₃ (Niacin, Nicotinamide → NADPH) • Vitamin B₆ (Pyridoxine, Pyridoxamine, Pyridoxal → Pyridoxal Phosphate) • Vitamin B₉ (Folic acid → Tetrahydrofolic acid) • Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) • Zinc (Zn²⁺)
Others	Activity Enhancers: Benzofuranylpropylaminopentane (BPAP) • Phenylpropylaminopentane (PPAP); Toxins: Oxidopamine (6-Hydroxydopamine)

Opioids (N02A)

Opium and
Poppy straw
derivatives

Crude opiate extracts/
whole opium products

Compote/Kompot/Polish heroin · Diascordium · B & O Supprettes · Dover's powder · Laudanum · Mithridate · Opium · Paregoric · Poppy straw concentrate · Poppy tea · Smoking opium · Theriac

Natural Opiates

Opium Alkaloids see also: Components of Opium	Codeine · Morphine · Oripavine · Pseudomorphine · Thebaine
Alkaloid Salts Mixtures	Pantopon · Papaveretum (Omnopon) · Tetrapon

Semisynthetics

Morphine Family	2-(p-Nitrophenyl)-4-isopropylmorphine · 14-Hydroxymorphine · 14β-Hydroxymorphine · 14β-Hydroxymorphone · 2,4-Dinitrophenylmorphine · 6-Methyldihydromorphine · 6-Methylenedihydrodesoxymorphine · 6-Acetyldihydromorphine/6-Monoacetyldihydromorphine · Acetyldihydromorphine · Azidomorphine · Chlornaltrexamine · Dihydrodesoxymorphine (Desomorphine) · Dihydromorphine · Ethyldihydromorphine · Hydromorphinol · Methyldesorphine · N-Phenethylnormorphine · Pseudomorphine · RAM-378
3,6 Diesters of Morphine	6-acetyl-1-iodocodeine · 6-nicotinoyldihydromorphine · Acetylpropionylmorphine · Acetylbutyrylmorphine · Diacetyldihydromorphine (Dihydroheroin) · Diacetyldibenzoylmorphine · Dibutyrylcodeine · Dibutyrylmorphine · Dibenzoylmorphine · Diformylmorphine · Dipropanoylmorphine · Heroin (Diacetylmorphine) · Nicomorphine · Tetrabenzoylmorphine · Tetrabutyrylmorphine
Codeine-Dionine Family	14-Hydroxydihydrocodeine · Acetylcodeine · Benzylmorphine · Codeine methylbromide · Desocodeine · Dimethylmorphine (Methocodeine) · Methyldihydromorphine (Dihydroheterocodeine) · Ethylmorphine (Dionine) · Heterocodeine · Isocodeine · Isopropylmorphine · Morpholinylethylmorphine (Pholcodine) · Myrophine · Nalodeine · Transisocodeine
Morphinones & Morphols	1-Bromohydrocodone · 1-Bromooxycodone · 1-Chlorohydrocodone · 1-Chlorooxycodone · 1-Iodohydrocodone · 1-Iodooxycodone · 14-Cinnamoyloxycodeinone · 14-Ethoxymetopon · 14-Methoxymetopon · 14β-Hydroxymorphone · 14-O-Methyloxymorphone · 14-Phenylpropoxymetopon · 7-Spiroindanyloxymorphone · 8,14-Dihydroxydihydromorphinone · Acetylmorphinol · Acetylmorphone · α-hydrocodol · Bromoisopropropyldihydromorphinone · Codeinone · Codorphone · Codol · Codoxime · Thebacon (Acetyldihydrocodeinone / Dihydrocodeinone enol acetate) · Ethyldihydromorphinone · Hydrocodol · Hydrocodone · Hydromorphinone · Hydromorphol · Hydromorphone · Hydroxycodeine · Isopropropyldihydrocodeinone · Isopropropyldihydromorphinone · Methyldihydromorphinone · Metopon · Morphenol · Morphinol · Morphinone · Morphol · N-Phenethyl-14-ethoxymetopon · Oxycodone · Oxymorphol · Oxymorphinol · Oxymorphone · Pentamorphone · Semorphone
Morphides	α-chlorocodide (Alphachlorocodide/Chlorocodide) · α-chloromorphide · 3-Bromomorphide · Bromocodide · Bromomorphide (8-Bromomorphide) · Chlorocodide · Chloromorphide · · Codide · Fluorocodide (8-Fluorocodide) · Fluormorphide · Iodocodide · Iodomorphide (8-Iodomorphide) · Morphide
Dihydrocodeine Series	14-hydroxydihydrocodeine · Acetyldihydrocodeine · Dihydrocodeine · Dihydrodesoxycodeine/Desocodeine · Dihydroisocodeine · Nicocodeine · Nicodicodeine
Nitrogen Morphine Derivatives	1-Nitrocodeine · 2-Nitrocodeine · 1-Nitromorphine · 2-Nitromorphine · Codeine-N-Oxide · Heroin-N-Oxide · Hydromorphone-N-Oxide · Morphine-N-Oxide
Hydrazones	Acetylmorphazone · Hydromorphazone · Morphazone · Oxymorphazone
Halogenated Morphine Derivatives	1-Bromocodeine · 2-Bromocodeine · 1-Bromodiacetylmorphine · 2-Bromodiacetylmorphine · 1-Bromodihydrocodeine · 2-Bromodihydrocodeine · 1-Bromodihydromorphine · 2-Bromodihydromorphine · 1-Bromomorphine · 2-Bromomorphine · 1-Chlorocodeine · 2-Chlorocodeine · 1-Chlorodiacetylmorphine · 2-Chlorodiacetylmorphine · 1-Chlorodihydrocodeine · 2-Chlorodihydrocodeine · 1-Chlorodihydromorphine · 2-Chlorodihydromorphine · 1-Chloromorphine · 2-Chloromorphine · 1-Fluorocodeine · 2-Fluorocodeine · 1-Fluorodiacetylmorphine · 2-Fluorodiacetylmorphine · 1-Fluorodihydrocodeine · 2-Fluorodihydrocodeine · 1-Fluorodihydromorphine · 2-Fluorodihydromorphine · 1-Fluoromorphine · 2-Fluoromorphine · 3-Fluoromorphine · 1-Iodocodeine · 2-Iodocodeine · 1-Iododiacetylmorphine · 2-Iododiacetylmorphine · 1-Iododihydrocodeine · 2-Iododihydrocodeine · 1-Iododihydromorphine · 2-Iododihydromorphine · 1-Iodomorphine · 2-Iodomorphine · Chlorethylmorphine
Others	Pholcodine

Active Opiate
Metabolites

Codeine-N-Oxide (Genocodeine) · Dihydromorphine-6-glucuronide · Hydromorphone-N-Oxide · Heroin-7,8-Oxide · Morphine-6-glucuronide · 6-Acetylmorphine · Morphine-N-Oxide (Genomorphine) · Naltrexol · Norcodeine · Normorphine

Morphinans

Morphinan Series	4-chlorophenylpyridomorphinan · Cyclorphan · Dextrallorphan · Dimemorfan · Levargorphan · Levallorphan · Levorphanol · Levorphan · Levophenacylmorphan · Levomethorphan · Norlevorphanol · N-Methylmorphinan · Oxilorphan · Phenomorphan · Methorphan / Racemethorphan · Morphanol / Racemorphanol · Ro4-1539 · Stephodeline · Xorphanol
Others	1-Nitroaknadinine · 14-episinomenine · 5,6-Dihydronorsalutaridine · 6-Ketonalbuphine · Aknadinine · Butorphanol · Cephakicine · Cephasamine · Cyprodime · Drotebanol · Fenfangjine G · Nalbuphine · Sinococuline · Sinomenine (Cocculine) · Tannagine

Benzomorphans

5,9-DEHB · Alazocine · Anazocine · Bremazocine · Cogazocine · Cyclazocine · Dezocine · Eptazocine · Etazocine · Ethylketocyclazocine · Fluorophen · Ketazocine · Metazocine · Pentazocine · Phenazocine · Quadazocine · Thiazocine · Tonazocine · Volazocine · Zenazocine

4-Phenylpiperidines

Pethidines (Meperidines)	4-Fluoromeperidine · Allylnorpethidine · Anileridine · Benzethidine · Carperidine · Difenoxin · Diphenoxylate · Etoxeridine (Carbetidine) · Furethidine · Hydroxypethidine (Bemidone) · Hydroxymethoxypethidine · Morpheridine · Oxpheneridine (Carbamethidine) · Meperidine-N-Oxide · Pethidine (Meperidine) · Pethidine Intermediate A · Pethidine Intermediate B (Norpethidine) · Pethidine Intermediate C (Pethidinic Acid) · Pheneridine · Phenoperidine · Piminodine · Properidine (Ipropethidine) · Sameridine
Prodines	Allylprodine · Isopromedol · Meprodine (α-meprodine / β-meprodine) · MPPP (Desmethylprodine) · PEPAP · Prodine (α-prodine / β-prodine) · Prosidol · Trimeperidine (Promedol)
Ketobemidones	Acetoxyketobemidone · Droxypropine · Ketobemidone · Methylketobemidone · Propylketobemidone
Others	Alvimopan · Loperamide · Picenadol

Open Chain
Opioids

Amidones	Dextromethadone · Dextroisomethadone · Dipipanone · Hexalgon (Norpipanone) · Isomethadone · Levoisomethadone · Levomethadone · Methadone · Methadone intermediate · Normethadone · Norpipanone · Phenadoxone (Heptazone) · Pipidone
Methadols	Dimepheptanol (Racemethadol) · Levacetylmethadol · Noracetylmethadol
Moramides	Dextromoramide · Levomoramide · Moramide intermediate · Racemoramide
Thiambutenes	Diethylthiambutene · Dimethylthiambutene · Ethylmethylthiambutene · Piperidylthiambutene · Pyrrolidinylthiambutene · Thiambutene · Tipepidine
Phenalkoxams	Dextropropoxyphene (Propoxyphene) · Dimenoxadol · Dioxaphetyl Butyrate · Levopropoxyphene · Norpropoxyphene
Ampromides	Diampromide · Phenampromide · Propiram
Others	IC-26 · Isoaminile · Lefetamine · R-4066

Anilidopiperidines

3-Allylfentanyl · 3-Methylfentanyl · 3-Methylthiofentanyl · 4-Phenylfentanyl · Alfentanil · α-methylacetylfentanyl · α-methylfentanyl · α-methylthiofentanyl · Benzylfentanyl · β-hydroxyfentanyl · β-hydroxythiofentanyl · β-methylfentanyl · Brifentanil · Carfentanil · Fentanyl · Lofentanil · Mirfentanil · Ocfentanil · Ohmefentanyl · Parafluorofentanyl · Phenaridine · Remifentanil · Sufentanil · Thenylfentanyl · Thiofentanyl · Trefentanil

Oripavine
derivatives

6,14-Endoethenotetrahydrooripavine · 7-PET · Acetorphine · Alletorphine · BU-48 · Buprenorphine · Butorphine · Cyprenorphine · Dihydroetorphine · Diprenorphine (M5050) · Etorphine · 18,19-Dehydrobuprenorphine (HS-599) · N-cyclopropylmethyl-noretorphine · Nepenthone · Norbuprenorphine · Thevinone · Thienorphine

Phenazepanes

Ethoheptazine · Meptazinol · Metheptazine · Metethoheptazine · Proheptazine

Pirinitramides

Bezitramide · Piritramide

Benzimidazoles

Clonitazene · Etonitazene · Nitazene

Indoles

18-MC · 7-Acetoxymitragynine · 7-Hydroxymitragynine · Akuammidine · Akuammine · Eseroline · Hodgkinsine · Ibogaine · Mitragynine · Noribogaine · Pericine · ψ-Akuammigine

Diphenylmethylpiperazines

BW373U86 · DPI-221 · DPI-287 · DPI-3290 · SNC-80

Opioid peptides
see also: The Opioid Peptides

Adrenorphin · Amidorphin · Casomorphin · DADLE · DALDA · DAMGO · Dermenkephalin · Dermorphin · Deltorphin · DPDPE · Dynorphin · Endomorphin · Endorphin · Enkephalin · Gliadorphin · Morphiceptin · Nociceptin · Octreotide · Opiorphin · Rubiscolin · TRIMU 5

Others

3-(3-Methoxyphenyl)-3-ethoxycarbonyltropane · AH-7921 • Azaprocin · BDPC · Bisnortilidine · BRL-52537 · Bromadoline • C-8813 · Ciramadol · Doxpicomine • Enadoline · Esketamine · Faxeladol · GR-89696 · Herkinorin · ICI-199,441 · ICI-204,448 · J-113,397 · JTC-801 · Ketamine · LPK-26 · Methopholine · Methoxetamine · N-Desmethylclozapine · NNC 63-0532 · Nortilidine · O-Desmethyltramadol · Phenadone · Phencyclidine · Prodilidine · Profadol · Ro64-6198 · Salvinorin A · SB-612,111 · SC-17599 · RWJ-394,674 · TAN-67 · Tapentadol · Tecodine · Tifluadom · Tilidine · Tramadol · Trimebutine · U-50,488 · U-69,593 · Viminol · W-18 ·

Opioid Antagonists
&
Inverse-Agonists

5'-Guanidinonaltrindole · β-Funaltrexamine · 6β-Naltrexol · Alvimopan · Amiphenazole · Binaltorphimine · Chlornaltrexamine · Clocinnamox · Cyclazocine · Cyprodime · Diprenorphine (M5050) · Fedotozine · JDTic · Levallorphan · Methocinnamox · Methylnaltrexone · Nalfurafine · Nalmefene · Nalmexone · Naloxazone · Naloxonazine · Naloxone · Naloxone benzoylhydrazone · Nalorphine · Naltrexone · Naltriben · Naltrindole · Norbinaltorphimine · Oxilorphan · S-allyl-3-hydroxy-17-thioniamorphinan (SAHTM)

sv:Fenkamfamin

↑ Delbeke FT, Debackere M (1981). "Detection and metabolism of fencamfamine and the influence of acetazolamide on its urinary excretion". Biopharmaceutics & Drug Disposition. 2 (1): 17–30. doi:10.1002/bdd.2510020103. PMID 7236868.
↑ REACTIVAN Tablets; REACTIVAN Syrup
↑ Seyfried, CA (1983). "Dopamine uptake inhibiting versus dopamine releasing properties of fencamfamine: an in vitro study". Biochemical pharmacology. 32 (15): 2329–31. doi:10.1016/0006-2952(83)90181-8. PMID 6136281. edit
↑ Planeta Cda, S; Aizenstein, ML; Delucia, R (1995). "Reinforcing properties of fencamfamine: involvement of dopamine and opioid receptors". Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior. 50 (1): 35–40. doi:10.1016/0091-3057(94)00236-C. PMID 7700952. edit

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