Glucagon receptor

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Glucagon receptor
Identifiers
SymbolsGCGR; GGR; MGC138246
External IDsOMIM138033 MGI99572 HomoloGene131 IUPHAR: glucagon GeneCards: GCGR Gene
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez264214527
EnsemblENSG00000215644ENSMUSG00000025127
UniProtP47871Q3UN81
RefSeq (mRNA)NM_000160NM_008101
RefSeq (protein)NP_000151NP_032127
Location (UCSC)Chr 17:
79.76 - 79.77 Mb
Chr 11:
120.35 - 120.36 Mb
PubMed search[1][2]

The glucagon receptor is a 62 kDa protein that is activated by glucagon and is a member of the class B G-protein coupled family of receptors, coupled to Gs.[1] Stimulation of the receptor results in activation of adenylate cyclase and increased levels of intracellular cAMP. In humans, the glucagon receptor is encoded by the GCGR gene.[2][3]

Glucagon receptors are mainly expressed in liver and in kidney with lesser amounts found in heart, adipose tissue, spleen, thymus, adrenal glands, pancreas, cerebral cortex, and gastrointestinal tract.

Clinical significance

A missense mutation in the GCGR gene is associated with diabetes mellitus type 2.[4]

Inactivating mutation of glucagon receptor in humans causes resistance to glucagon and is associated with pancreatic alpha cell hyperplasia, nesidioblastosis, hyperglucagonemia, and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.[5]

References

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Further reading


it:Recettore del glucagone
  1. Brubaker PL, Drucker DJ (2002). "Structure-function of the glucagon receptor family of G protein-coupled receptors: the glucagon, GIP, GLP-1, and GLP-2 receptors". Recept. Channels. 8 (3-4): 179–88. doi:10.1080/10606820213687. PMID 12529935. 
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  5. Zhou C, Dhall D, Nissen NN, Chen CR, Yu R (2009). "Homozygous P86S mutation of the human glucagon receptor is associated with hyperglucagonemia, alpha cell hyperplasia, and islet cell tumor". Pancreas. 38 (8): 941–6. doi:10.1097/MPA.0b013e3181b2bb03. PMC 2767399Freely accessible. PMID 19657311.