Taste receptor
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A Taste receptor is a type of receptor which facilitates the sensation of taste.
Examples include TAS2R16 and TAS2R38.
They are divided into two families:
- Type 1, sweet, first characterized in 2001:[1] TAS1R1 – TAS1R3
- Type 2, bitter, first characterized in 2000:[2] TAS2R1 – TAS2R50, and TAS2R60
Human bitter taste receptor genes are named TAS2R1 to TAS2R64, with many gaps due to non-existent genes, pseudogenes or proposed genes that have not been annotated to the most recent human genome assembly. Many bitter taste receptor genes also have confusing synonym names with several different gene names referring to the same gene. See table below for full list of human bitter taste receptor genes:
| Class | Gene | Synonyms | Aliases | Locus | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| type 1 (sweet) |
TAS1R1 | GPR70 | 1p36.23 | ||
| TAS1R2 | GPR71 | 1p36.23 | |||
| TAS1R3 | 1p36 | ||||
| type 2 (bitter) |
TAS2R1 | 5p15 | |||
| TAS2R2 | 7p21.3 | pseudogene | |||
| TAS2R3 | 7q31.3-q32 | ||||
| TAS2R4 | 7q31.3-q32 | ||||
| TAS2R5 | 7q31.3-q32 | ||||
| TAS2R6 | 7 | not annotated in human genome assembly | |||
| TAS2R7 | 12p13 | ||||
| TAS2R8 | 12p13 | ||||
| TAS2R9 | 12p13 | ||||
| TAS2R10 | 12p13 | ||||
| TAS2R11 | absent in humans | ||||
| TAS2R12 | 12p13.2 | pseudogene | |||
| TAS2R13 | 12p13 | ||||
| TAS2R14 | 12p13 | ||||
| TAS2R15 | 12p13.2 | pseudogene | |||
| TAS2R16 | 7q31.1-q31.3 | ||||
| TAS2R17 | absent in humans | ||||
| TAS2R18 | 12p13.2 | pseudogene | |||
| TAS2R19 | TAS2R23, TAS2R48 | 12p13.2 | |||
| TAS2R20 | TAS2R49 | 12p13.2 | |||
| TAS2R21 | absent in humans | ||||
| TAS2R22 | 12 | not annotated in human genome assembly | |||
| TAS2R24 | absent in humans | ||||
| TAS2R25 | absent in humans | ||||
| TAS2R26 | pseudogene | ||||
| TAS2R27 | absent in humans | ||||
| TAS2R28 | absent in humans | ||||
| TAS2R29 | absent in humans | ||||
| TAS2R30 | TAS2R47 | 12p13.2 | |||
| TAS2R31 | TAS2R44 | 12p13.2 | |||
| TAS2R32 | absent in humans | ||||
| TAS2R33 | 12 | not annotated in human genome assembly | |||
| TAS2R34 | absent in humans | ||||
| TAS2R35 | absent in humans | ||||
| TAS2R36 | 12 | not annotated in human genome assembly | |||
| TAS2R37 | 12 | not annotated in human genome assembly | |||
| TAS2R38 | 7q34 | ||||
| TAS2R39 | 7q34 | ||||
| TAS2R40 | GPR60 | 7q34 | |||
| TAS2R41 | 7q34 | ||||
| TAS2R42 | 12p13 | ||||
| TAS2R43 | 12p13.2 | ||||
| TAS2R45 | GPR59 | 12 | |||
| TAS2R46 | 12p13.2 | ||||
| TAS2R50 | TAS2R51 | 12p13.2 | |||
| TAS2R50 | absent in humans | ||||
| TAS2R51 | absent in humans | ||||
| TAS2R52 | absent in humans | ||||
| TAS2R53 | absent in humans | ||||
| TAS2R54 | absent in humans | ||||
| TAS2R55 | absent in humans | ||||
| TAS2R56 | absent in humans | ||||
| TAS2R57 | absent in humans | ||||
| TAS2R58 | absent in humans | ||||
| TAS2R59 | absent in humans | ||||
| TAS2R60 | 7 | ||||
| TAS2R62P | 7q34 | pseudogene | |||
| TAS2R63P | 12p13.2 | pseudogene | |||
| TAS2R64P | 12p13.2 | pseudogene |
References
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<references />, or <references group="..." />External links
- Adler E Hoon MA, Mueller KL, Chandrashekar J, Ryba JP, Zucker CS, Patton A (2000). "A Novel Family of Mammalian Taste Receptors - An Investigative Review". Davidson College Biology Department. Retrieved 2008-08-11.
- MeSH taste+receptors,+type+1
- MeSH taste+receptors,+type+2
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